and!english
... In the history of second language acquisition, there have been two general hypotheses about the influence of the acquisition of one language on the acquisition of another language, namely ...
... In the history of second language acquisition, there have been two general hypotheses about the influence of the acquisition of one language on the acquisition of another language, namely ...
The Syntax of Existential Sentences in Serbian
... Table 1: Copula and Auxiliary verbs in Slavic (3rd person only) The table includes one East Slavic language (Russian), two West Slavic languages (Czech and Polish) and four South Slavic languages (Slovene, Serbian, Bulgarian and Macedonian). The locative copula and the past tense auxiliary pattern t ...
... Table 1: Copula and Auxiliary verbs in Slavic (3rd person only) The table includes one East Slavic language (Russian), two West Slavic languages (Czech and Polish) and four South Slavic languages (Slovene, Serbian, Bulgarian and Macedonian). The locative copula and the past tense auxiliary pattern t ...
Chapter 2
... When used absolutely, with the day of speaking as the reference point, these represent reference to: 1. just have/just about to, 2. same day, 3. hesternal/crastinal, 4. a few days away, and 5. a long time away, respectively. But they can also be used relatively, where the first verb establishes a ti ...
... When used absolutely, with the day of speaking as the reference point, these represent reference to: 1. just have/just about to, 2. same day, 3. hesternal/crastinal, 4. a few days away, and 5. a long time away, respectively. But they can also be used relatively, where the first verb establishes a ti ...
Universal Annotation of Slavic Verb Forms
... (usually) belong to the same aspect. A few verbs (many of them loanwords from nonSlavic languages) work with both aspects. We omit the Aspect feature at these verbs. Most Slavic verbs are part of inflected aspect pairs where one verb is imperfective and the other is perfective. They have different lem ...
... (usually) belong to the same aspect. A few verbs (many of them loanwords from nonSlavic languages) work with both aspects. We omit the Aspect feature at these verbs. Most Slavic verbs are part of inflected aspect pairs where one verb is imperfective and the other is perfective. They have different lem ...
Negation
... Use of invariant be (sometimes bees) for habitual aspects e.g. AAVE: “He be walkin” SE: “He is walking” Use of invariant be for future e.g. AAVE: “He be here tomorrow” SE: “He’ll be here tomorrow” Use of steady as an intensified continuative marker e.g. “Ricky Bell be steady steppin in them number n ...
... Use of invariant be (sometimes bees) for habitual aspects e.g. AAVE: “He be walkin” SE: “He is walking” Use of invariant be for future e.g. AAVE: “He be here tomorrow” SE: “He’ll be here tomorrow” Use of steady as an intensified continuative marker e.g. “Ricky Bell be steady steppin in them number n ...
Español 1: REPASO DE SEMESTRE 2
... Translate to Spanish: Where are you going? ______________________________________________________ What are you going to do? _________________________________________________________________________________ ‘al or a la” p126 What is the difference? __________________________________________________ ...
... Translate to Spanish: Where are you going? ______________________________________________________ What are you going to do? _________________________________________________________________________________ ‘al or a la” p126 What is the difference? __________________________________________________ ...
1 The role of pragmatic and formal criteria in the categorization of
... The past participle gesloten „closed‟ in this example can be analyzed as either an adjective within a copula construction or as a lexical verb within a passive construction (a.o. Wasow 1977). The dual structural analysis of the past participle is argued to correlate with a distinct semantic interpre ...
... The past participle gesloten „closed‟ in this example can be analyzed as either an adjective within a copula construction or as a lexical verb within a passive construction (a.o. Wasow 1977). The dual structural analysis of the past participle is argued to correlate with a distinct semantic interpre ...
The Semantics of Progressive Aspect: A Thorough Study
... interpretations. The first sentence refers to Hasan’s regular practice such as he reads a newspaper almost every day. But the second one refers to his activity of reading a newspaper on a particular occasion or during a particular time. In this case, tense without the aspectual distinction fails to ...
... interpretations. The first sentence refers to Hasan’s regular practice such as he reads a newspaper almost every day. But the second one refers to his activity of reading a newspaper on a particular occasion or during a particular time. In this case, tense without the aspectual distinction fails to ...
Powerpoint format - rufla
... Both adults and children show effect of referential context (book) by producing more ongoing-activity forms (Progressive and Present Participle). Adults show effect of discourse context by matching the question’s form. Children only show this effect with habitual questions. Adults reject Prese ...
... Both adults and children show effect of referential context (book) by producing more ongoing-activity forms (Progressive and Present Participle). Adults show effect of discourse context by matching the question’s form. Children only show this effect with habitual questions. Adults reject Prese ...
VERBAL CATEGORIES IN NIGER
... their semantic content, and to some extent their pragmatics. It also examined other verbal categories but in less depth. Our purpose here is similar. Since we were familiar with verbal categories in Bantu, we were curious about the same categories in wider Niger-Congo and about the general NigerCong ...
... their semantic content, and to some extent their pragmatics. It also examined other verbal categories but in less depth. Our purpose here is similar. Since we were familiar with verbal categories in Bantu, we were curious about the same categories in wider Niger-Congo and about the general NigerCong ...
Chapter 4: THE PRESENT PERFECT AND THE PAST PERFECT
... Grammar,Third Edition, Chart 17-2. Example: Bob’s last name is Black. Since it’s a common name, he never has to spell it for people. My last name is Bryzewski. Since it’s an unusual name, I often have to spell it for people. • Try to keep the focus on the use of the present perfect with sentences co ...
... Grammar,Third Edition, Chart 17-2. Example: Bob’s last name is Black. Since it’s a common name, he never has to spell it for people. My last name is Bryzewski. Since it’s an unusual name, I often have to spell it for people. • Try to keep the focus on the use of the present perfect with sentences co ...
03 nicoleta towards an adult
... languages such as German, English, etc., it does predict that other non-finite forms may be used in languages where the infinitive is not the unmarked non-finite form used in adult language. This model correlates the lack of finiteness in root infinitive forms with the lack of other elements hosted ...
... languages such as German, English, etc., it does predict that other non-finite forms may be used in languages where the infinitive is not the unmarked non-finite form used in adult language. This model correlates the lack of finiteness in root infinitive forms with the lack of other elements hosted ...
CHAPTER 9. THE SUBJUNCTIVE 1. Uses of the subjunctive In
... It should be noted that, in the case of the verb to be, in informal English, the Simple Past Indicative is often used instead of the Simple Past Subjunctive. For instance, the following pair of examples shows how the same idea might be expressed in formal and informal English. Formal: If he were her ...
... It should be noted that, in the case of the verb to be, in informal English, the Simple Past Indicative is often used instead of the Simple Past Subjunctive. For instance, the following pair of examples shows how the same idea might be expressed in formal and informal English. Formal: If he were her ...
english grammar - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft
... The AP correctly expresses the property of states whose holder is a window that is closed as a TARGET of an event4. At s-structure, the internal argument of the VP has to be raised to a case position, of course. Kratzer’s theory of the English and German adjectival passive assumes that the agent is ...
... The AP correctly expresses the property of states whose holder is a window that is closed as a TARGET of an event4. At s-structure, the internal argument of the VP has to be raised to a case position, of course. Kratzer’s theory of the English and German adjectival passive assumes that the agent is ...
Perfect Readings in Russian - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft
... The AP correctly expresses the property of states whose holder is a window that is closed as a TARGET of an event4. At s-structure, the internal argument of the VP has to be raised to a case position, of course. Kratzer’s theory of the English and German adjectival passive assumes that the agent is ...
... The AP correctly expresses the property of states whose holder is a window that is closed as a TARGET of an event4. At s-structure, the internal argument of the VP has to be raised to a case position, of course. Kratzer’s theory of the English and German adjectival passive assumes that the agent is ...
(Nimega) Whenever you learn, you do not learn a formal system... understand others, and to make yourself understood. You do not... Learning how to express temporality in a second language
... by data from other informants, if there was strong individual variation. To begin with, only one encounter per cycle was analysed for each informant. For some informants, this proved to be enough, since there was no salient development. In most cases, however, these analyses were then systematically ...
... by data from other informants, if there was strong individual variation. To begin with, only one encounter per cycle was analysed for each informant. For some informants, this proved to be enough, since there was no salient development. In most cases, however, these analyses were then systematically ...
Morpho-Semantics of the Progressive
... closure obtains. Given that both variables must be bound, and given that they are bound one at a time, either (11b) or (11c) must obtain at some point in the derivation. The main hypothesis in this paper is that (11b) underlies the progressive; like other copular expressions, the progressive is a pr ...
... closure obtains. Given that both variables must be bound, and given that they are bound one at a time, either (11b) or (11c) must obtain at some point in the derivation. The main hypothesis in this paper is that (11b) underlies the progressive; like other copular expressions, the progressive is a pr ...
Vietnamese is a perfect
... 3. Not a Referential Past 3.1. Referential Tense Hypothesis Duffied (2007)’s study on the syntax of Vietnamese clausal structure claims that Vietnamese expresses assertion independently of tense or aspect. While he does not focus on the semantics of tense and aspect in Vietnamese, he does propose th ...
... 3. Not a Referential Past 3.1. Referential Tense Hypothesis Duffied (2007)’s study on the syntax of Vietnamese clausal structure claims that Vietnamese expresses assertion independently of tense or aspect. While he does not focus on the semantics of tense and aspect in Vietnamese, he does propose th ...
Imperfect Aspect in English and Indonesian Verbs
... The adjective imperfect consists of two constituents, namely, the prefix –im meaning not and the adjective perfect standing for completed. So the word imperfect means not completed. This idea shows the fact that any activity expressed in the imperfect aspect refers to the idea of being in progress a ...
... The adjective imperfect consists of two constituents, namely, the prefix –im meaning not and the adjective perfect standing for completed. So the word imperfect means not completed. This idea shows the fact that any activity expressed in the imperfect aspect refers to the idea of being in progress a ...
The Computer Project
... when mother phoned you. Example 2: I had been studying for a long time so I was feeling hot and mad. ...
... when mother phoned you. Example 2: I had been studying for a long time so I was feeling hot and mad. ...
10 Basic Clause Patterns
... indefinite number of clauses. Second, in actual communication, shorter utterances are usually reconstructed and understood by reference to clauses. For instance, over here might be understood as I’m over here or Shine the light over here. The grammatical importance of clauses probably reflects the f ...
... indefinite number of clauses. Second, in actual communication, shorter utterances are usually reconstructed and understood by reference to clauses. For instance, over here might be understood as I’m over here or Shine the light over here. The grammatical importance of clauses probably reflects the f ...
CHANGES IN EVENTS and CHANGES IN THINGS
... or an interval; his problems can be quite easil}' re-stated in terms of what goes 011 over the interval; in fact he himself slips into this, and talks about his childhood, a future sunrise and so on. When, we may ask, does a process go on for a long time--while it is going on, or when it lies ahead ...
... or an interval; his problems can be quite easil}' re-stated in terms of what goes 011 over the interval; in fact he himself slips into this, and talks about his childhood, a future sunrise and so on. When, we may ask, does a process go on for a long time--while it is going on, or when it lies ahead ...
Advisory Editors
... evidence of the partial persistence of more aspectual distinctions than we find a century later, while the pluperfect subjunctive seems to be still a relatively new development, not yet fully acclimatized. By the first century BC, however, Latin had a strong tendency not only to divide actions into ...
... evidence of the partial persistence of more aspectual distinctions than we find a century later, while the pluperfect subjunctive seems to be still a relatively new development, not yet fully acclimatized. By the first century BC, however, Latin had a strong tendency not only to divide actions into ...
Hablando de gramática
... if I see it in writing, I just respond: “Ho-Ho-Ho” and they know what I mean. The idea? Past participles in perfect tenses are verbs (not adjectives!) and therefore, will not agree with the subject. ...
... if I see it in writing, I just respond: “Ho-Ho-Ho” and they know what I mean. The idea? Past participles in perfect tenses are verbs (not adjectives!) and therefore, will not agree with the subject. ...
journal of linguistics
... Bally's 'syntagme bloque'. She exemplifies them in the Serbo-Croatian verb system, where the present is the 'unmarked category'. 'This means that, in principle, the present form may be used for denoting the time being as well as the past or future. In the standard SC (Serbo-Croatian) grammars, which ...
... Bally's 'syntagme bloque'. She exemplifies them in the Serbo-Croatian verb system, where the present is the 'unmarked category'. 'This means that, in principle, the present form may be used for denoting the time being as well as the past or future. In the standard SC (Serbo-Croatian) grammars, which ...