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Vision
Vision

... area that receptive field in retina, so , many ganglion cells Only adjacent areas of visual field in centre have colossal connections ...
Vision - Dave Brodbeck
Vision - Dave Brodbeck

... area that receptive field in retina, so , many ganglion cells • Only adjacent areas of visual field in centre have colossal connections ...
Harnessing Plasticity to Reset Dysfunctional Neurons
Harnessing Plasticity to Reset Dysfunctional Neurons

... (from milliseconds to months), and are incompletely understood. They include changes in synaptic strength, the pruning and growth of neuronal connections, and even the introduction of new neurons within certain existing circuits. The brain can thus develop attributes and abilities far beyond those t ...
Document
Document

... • The membrane is electrically charged, “polarized” due to Na+ and K+ ions o Greater concentration of sodium ions outside and potassium ions inside. o Potassium ions pass through more easily o Active transport (sodium/potassium pump) maintains balance ...
Neural stem cells - STEMCELL Technologies
Neural stem cells - STEMCELL Technologies

... however, they are more difficult to isolate from human brain biopsies or autopsy samples. Another type of NSC outside these two regions expresses the marker NG2 and can also proliferate in vitro and in vivo. However, this cell type does not normally give rise to new neurons in vivo. NG2 cells can be ...
Animaliaorganization..
Animaliaorganization..

... Body symmetry - the way body parts are arranged around a point or central axis. Directions on the body - used to describe areas on the body of an animal. Pattern of body development - a sequence of developmental steps. Formation of germ layers - layers of specialized cells in the early development. ...
Biol 155 Human Physiology - University of British Columbia
Biol 155 Human Physiology - University of British Columbia

... If the transmitter opens an anion influx, the resulting hyperpolarization is called an Inhibitory Post Synaptic Potential (IPSP All these potentials are additive. ...
The human brain is a 3 pound mass of fatty tissue that controls all
The human brain is a 3 pound mass of fatty tissue that controls all

... excitable output fiber, the axon. Most axons also give rise to many smaller branches before ending at nerve terminals. Synapses, from the Greek word meaning “to clasp together,” are the contact points where one neuron communicates with another. Other structures, dendrites, Greek for “tree branches,” ...
Neuroanatomy
Neuroanatomy

... ions. They are kept separate by the cell walls of the neuron. ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... ions. They are kept separate by the cell walls of the neuron. ...
neuron
neuron

... of the brain or spinal cord, surround the axon and produce myelin • In the CNS, myelin is produced by a type of neuroglia called an oligodendrocyte • Gaps in the myelin sheath along the length of the axon are called nodes of Ranvier • On top of the myelin sheath is the neurilemma (neurilemmal sheath ...
File - BHS AP Psychology
File - BHS AP Psychology

... response to an action potential and these neurotransmitters are chemicals that carry the neural message across the synapse to other neurons during neural transmission allowing for one nerve to communicate with another. __________ Point 9: Synapse: Students should explain that neural transmission inv ...
“Put that in the Form of a Question, Please!”
“Put that in the Form of a Question, Please!”

... muscles to properly focus light on the retina) ...
ÁLTALÁNOS SZERVEZ*DÉS:
ÁLTALÁNOS SZERVEZ*DÉS:

Chapter 13: The Nervous System
Chapter 13: The Nervous System

...  Once the voltage inside of the nerve cell becomes (+), Na gates slam closed and the inflow of Na+ is halted.  K gates are now open and K+ once again begins to diffuse out of the nerve cell.  This restores the original polarity of the membrane and is called ...
Action potentials travel along the axons of neurons.
Action potentials travel along the axons of neurons.

BOX 2.2 CAJAL: ICONOCLAST TO ICON Santiago Ramón y Cajal
BOX 2.2 CAJAL: ICONOCLAST TO ICON Santiago Ramón y Cajal

... who, based on the use of his silver chromate method, concluded that axons of nerve cells form a continuous reticular net, whereas in contrast dendrites do not anastomose but instead serve a nutritive role, much like the roots of a tree. Using the same technique, Cajal almost immediately arrived at t ...
Nervous System - science
Nervous System - science

... peripheral nervous system? To connect the central nervous system, or brain and spinal cord, with all parts of the body ...
Nervous System Objectives
Nervous System Objectives

... direction of impulse travel, ion flow, and fusion of the neurotransmitter occur. 11. Identify the types of receptors and the structures found in the vision and hearing receptors. 12. Elaborate on the nervous system that allows animals to respond to external and internal signals. Include: function of ...
Biology 3201
Biology 3201

... Responsible for transferring impulses from receptors to CNS and back to effectors. ...
Neuroscience - HuskiesScience
Neuroscience - HuskiesScience

... Some fluoxetine side effects may not need any medical attention. As your body gets used to the medicine these side effects may disappear. Your health care professional may be able to help you prevent or reduce these side effects, but do check with them if any of the following side effects continue, ...
CHAPTER NINE: THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
CHAPTER NINE: THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... • Structural and functional barrier which impedes and regulates the influx of most compounds from blood to brain • Formed by brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMEC), astrocyte end feet and pericytes • Essential for normal function of CNS • Regulates passage of molecules in and out of brain to m ...
The Nervous System - human-body
The Nervous System - human-body

... CNS & PNS ...
Neurons and Networks. An Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience, Second Edition Brochure
Neurons and Networks. An Introduction to Behavioral Neuroscience, Second Edition Brochure

... that is lucid, accessible, authoritative, logically organized, and concise. Avoiding the encyclopedic coverage that makes most neuroscience texts overwhelming, Neurons and Networks focused instead on building the solid foundation of understanding and knowledge required for further study. The new edi ...
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Channelrhodopsin



Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.
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