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... The overall goal of this dissertation project was to characterize the impact of ulceration on propulsive motility in guinea pig tri-nitro benzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) colitis. The study was comprised of three aims: to determine how ulceration affects motility; to examine changes in neural control of ...
Cells in alveoli
Cells in alveoli

... - simple squamous epithelium - occluding junctions - basal lamina Type II pneumocytes - cuboidal cells - form occluding junctions with type I pneumocytes - contain lamellar bodies with pulmonary surfactant that is secreted by exocytosis Alveolar macrophages - phagocytose dust and bacteria ...
Sensory Receptors
Sensory Receptors

Slide 1
Slide 1

... intestine with many features similar to humans • More than 10,000 worms can grow on a single petri dish reproducing rapidly (from egg to mature animal in 3.5 days) • Nobel Prize 2002 to S. Brenner, H. R. Horvitz and J. Sulston on their work of organ development and apoptosis in C. elegans • Nobel Pr ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... The brain stem (an extension of the spinal cord), the forebrain (Primarily consists of the Cerebrium), and the Cerebellum.  Forebrain and Cerebellum are divided into two hemispheres, which are linked by a thick band of nerve fibers and these hemispheres have areas, called "lobes," which perform spe ...
Session 4
Session 4

... The pattern of responses forms columns of ocular dominance. ...
Nervous System Student Notes
Nervous System Student Notes

... basal nuclei – located deep within the white matter islands of gray matter (i) indirectly help initiate and control slow, stereotyped muscle movement (ii) ex. arm swinging while walking Diencephalon a) ...
(SREBP 1c) is strongly expressed in MIN6 beta cells
(SREBP 1c) is strongly expressed in MIN6 beta cells

... homologue of PTEN in Drosophila (dPTEN) has a role in controlling cell number and size, as well as regulating the subcellular organisation of the actin cytoskeleton in flies, but has not been analysed biochemically (Wilson et a1,1999). Here we demonstrate that dPTEN is an inositol phospholipid phosp ...
embj201593518-sup-0001
embj201593518-sup-0001

... counted under an optical fluorescence microscope (Zeiss Axioskop2 plus) using the opticaldissector method, as previously described (Llorens-Martin & Trejo, 2011). Series composed of every 8th section belonging to each animal were used to analyze these markers. Given to the different sensitivity of t ...
Sensory function
Sensory function

... through cranial and spinal nerves. Stimulation of the effectors causes muscles to contract and glands to secrete. ...
Neuron is the basic working unit of the nervous system, specialized
Neuron is the basic working unit of the nervous system, specialized

... reverses the electrical state of its interior membrane from negative to positive.   ACETYLCHOLINE ‐ A neurotransmitter active both in the brain, where it regulates memory, and in the  peripheral nervous system, where it controls the actions of skeletal and smooth muscle.   AMINO ACID TRANSMITTERS ‐  ...
L11Nervous tissue strusture 11
L11Nervous tissue strusture 11

... The axon is a long, thin structure which sends out signals from the cell. The end of the axon is called the terminal bouton . Axon terminal)Each signal travels along the neuron's axon to the terminal bouton, where it is then transmitted to the next neuron. The axon is covered in myelin, a thick phos ...
NERVOUS SYSTEM GENERALITY – INTRODUCTION
NERVOUS SYSTEM GENERALITY – INTRODUCTION

Animal Cells
Animal Cells

... piece of cork. Cells contain smaller parts, called organelles, each with specific functions. Almost all living things are eukaryotic (meaning “true nucleus”) and contain genetic material in an organelle called the nucleus. Other types of organelles found in animal cells (and plant cells) and their f ...
Nervous System
Nervous System

... • Most animal cells have a low concentration of Na+ and a high K+ relative to their surroundings ...
Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System
Diseases and Disorders of the Nervous System

Chapter 43
Chapter 43

... • The inside of the cell is more negatively charged than the outside (membrane potential) • Cell membrane is impermeable to negative ions (such as Cl-) • Sodium-potassium pump will transport positive ions • Ion channels for K+ are more numerous (allowing more K+ to transport out of cell) • Leads to ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... • Somatic sensory fibers—convey impulses from skin, skeletal muscles, and joints to CNS • Visceral sensory fibers—convey impulses from visceral organs to CNS ...
Neurophysiology,Dr Sravanti
Neurophysiology,Dr Sravanti

... hyperpolarization or makes the cell harder to fire, this is called an inhibitory post synaptic potential.  EPSP – when the change causes depolarization, this is called an excitatory post synaptic potential. ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

... Coordinates the workings of different cells Regulates our internal functions ...
Sensory Physiology
Sensory Physiology

Body Systems - Nervous System
Body Systems - Nervous System

... of your body 8. Where in your body can you find nerve cells? Choose the best answer. a. In your brain b. In your spinal cord c. In your neurons d. Everywhere 9. A disorder called CIPA prevents certain people from feeling pain. What can you infer about these people? a. They are capable of amazing fea ...


... Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=72721306 ...
sion to superior salivatory neurons in rats
sion to superior salivatory neurons in rats

... Abstract : The primary parasympathetic center of the submandibular and sublingual salivary glands is the superior salivatory (SS) nucleus, and its neurons receive excitatory (glutamatergic) and inhibitory (GABAergic and glycinergic) synaptic transmissions in rats. In the present study, we focused on ...
5 Nervous Tissue Lab 2011
5 Nervous Tissue Lab 2011

... pseudo-unipolar cells (pseudo because the single cell process arising from the soma splits into two functionally polarized processes). In response to tactile stimuli on the face a nerve impulse travels along the axon, passes through the ganglion containing the cell bodies, and finally reaches a syna ...
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Channelrhodopsin



Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.
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