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Efficient generation of retinal progenitor cells from human embryonic stem... Deepak A. Lamba, Mike O. Karl, Carol B. Ware, and... 2006;103;12769-12774; originally published online Aug 14, 2006;
Efficient generation of retinal progenitor cells from human embryonic stem... Deepak A. Lamba, Mike O. Karl, Carol B. Ware, and... 2006;103;12769-12774; originally published online Aug 14, 2006;

Stephen Hawking
Stephen Hawking

... disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord. • Motor neurons reach from the brain to the spinal cord and from the spinal cord to the muscles throughout the body. • Stephen Hawking is unable to move or speak* because of a disease called Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ...
Neurophysiology: Serotonin`s many meanings elude simple theories
Neurophysiology: Serotonin`s many meanings elude simple theories

Axon 轴突
Axon 轴突

... The processes arising from the cell body of a neuron are called neurites. These are of two kinds. Most neurons give off a number of short branching processes called dendrites and one longer process called an axon. ...
Nervous System - Winston Knoll Collegiate
Nervous System - Winston Knoll Collegiate

... Therefore stimuli below threshold levels will not produce a response  As well, these experiments indicated that the response is often an all-or-none response  In other words, either the response (such as muscle contraction) would either not be present (when the threshold level had not been reache ...
Unit 3A Nervous System - Teacher Version
Unit 3A Nervous System - Teacher Version

... information across the synapse between one neuron and then next are released from terminal buttons on the sending neuron Can be: – Excitatiatory Neurotransmitters – make the neuron receiving neuron more likely to generate an action potential ...
Chapter 7 -Nervous System - Austin Community College
Chapter 7 -Nervous System - Austin Community College

... 1. action potential – a temporary change in the membrane potential of a neuron that acts as a signal neurons maintain a resting membrane potential, then use temporary changes in potential to send messages along their membranes and to other cells an action potential occurs when a small area of neuron ...
Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus - Neurobiology of Hearing
Dorsal Cochlear Nucleus - Neurobiology of Hearing

Brain systems for action sequences
Brain systems for action sequences

... behaviors. Learning more about how neurons code sequential movement may have important implications for treatment and understanding of Parkinson’s disease. Our research involves studies of neuronal activity in the basal ganglia. There is evidence that these regions play a role in controlling movemen ...
MCB 32 Introductory Human Physiology
MCB 32 Introductory Human Physiology

... The elevated parts of the cortex are called gyri, and the depressions between the gyri are called sulci. Gray matter contains mainly cell bodies and dendrites of the neurons. Viewed from the lateral or side view, the cerebral cortex is divided into four separate areas, or lobes; the occipital lobe, ...
Curriculum
Curriculum

... known about this bacterium’s most rudimentary, physiological processes. Chlamydia species were long thought to lack peptidoglycan, the major building block present in bacterial cell walls and our group was the first to identify peptidoglycan in these organisms. We found that Chlamydia is unique amon ...
PHD COURSE NEUROMORPHIC TACTILE SENSING MARCH 25
PHD COURSE NEUROMORPHIC TACTILE SENSING MARCH 25

... patterns of neural spikes in the nerve fibers that convey the primary sensory information to the central nervous system. This presentation will be about how the primary sensory information is received and processed at the various processing stages within the hierarchically organized brain systems fo ...
Chapter 28: The Nervous System
Chapter 28: The Nervous System

Ethidium monoazide (EMA) for exclusion of dead cells by FACS
Ethidium monoazide (EMA) for exclusion of dead cells by FACS

... so exposure to light must be minimized when making the stock and when using the reagent (up until the step in which the cells are intentionally exposed to light). Mechanism Like Propidium Iodide (PI), EMA diffuses into dead cells and intercalates into DNA. Upon exposure to light, EMA then covalently ...
Chapter 3
Chapter 3

... – rough ER & free ribosomes for protein synthesis • dendrites = sensory (input) portion of neuron • axons = output portion of neuron – carry impulses away from cell body to effector cell – attaches to cell body @ axon hillock – axon collaterals = branches of axon – synapse = point of communication b ...
Full version (PDF file)
Full version (PDF file)

... ChABC (10 U/ml) (SCI+ChABC), (striped bars) animals. The impact of SCI resulted in decrease of all NPCs phenotypes. On the other side, application of the ChABC caused increase of all NPCs phenotypes. ...
Flow Cytometry
Flow Cytometry

... (to set up PMT-voltage for FSC, SSC and FL-channels) secondary control: for indirect staining (Bio/SAv, Dig/anti-Dig) - secondary Ab alone to control for non-specific binding of this polyclonal Ab to dead or sticky cells. specificity (experimental and gating) controls: e.g. ...
NEUROGENESIS Y PLASTICIDAD DEL HIPOCAMPO ADULTO
NEUROGENESIS Y PLASTICIDAD DEL HIPOCAMPO ADULTO

... • Young ChR2-GCs exert poor control of GCL • Pop-spike reduction by mature ChR2-GC involves feedback inhibition by GABA interneurons ...
Lecture 1 - Gabriel Kreiman
Lecture 1 - Gabriel Kreiman

... number of possible images. For only one pixel, there are 256 possible one-pixel images. For two pixels, there are 256x256 possible two-pixel images. All in all, there are 25610,000 possible 100x100 images. This is a pretty large number. It turns out that the distribution of 100x100 natural image pat ...
sample - McLoon Lab
sample - McLoon Lab

... 34. Taste information is carried into the central nervous system by axons in which cranial nerve? A. trigeminal nerve (CN V) B. facial nerve (CN VII) C. glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) D. accessory nerve (CN XI) BC E. More than one of the above are correct. 35. Sensory information detected on one si ...
Overview of the Nervous System (the most important system in the
Overview of the Nervous System (the most important system in the

... Nervous System Tissue: Gray & White Matter ...
EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY David Myers The Biology of Mind
EXPLORING PSYCHOLOGY David Myers The Biology of Mind

... ƒOur brain is divided into two hemispheres. ƒThe left hemisphere processes reading, writing, speaking, mathematics, and comprehension skills. In the 1960s, it was termed as the dominant brain. ƒThe right hemisphere is more involved in spacial-skills tasks. ...
Lecture 12 - Websupport1
Lecture 12 - Websupport1

... Animation: Photoreception (see tutorial) ...
Chapter 11: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
Chapter 11: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue

... ______6. A major subdivision of the nervous system that serves as the communication lines, linking all parts of the body to the CNS. 3. This exercise emphasizes the difference between neurons and neuroglia. Indicate which cell type is identified by the following descriptions. A. Neurons B. Neuroglia ...
Chapter 3
Chapter 3

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Channelrhodopsin



Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.
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