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The comparative electrobiology of gelatinous
The comparative electrobiology of gelatinous

... mechanisms underlying this bursting activity is that of a calcium-activated, potassium conductance (Anderson, 1979) similar to that found in burster cells in other organisms (Meech, 1978). Under normal conditions, when all the synapses are active, this rhythm is modified by synaptic activity from va ...
Expanding small UAV capabilities with ANN : a case - HAL-ENAC
Expanding small UAV capabilities with ANN : a case - HAL-ENAC

... attractive alternative. UAVs can travel considerable distances, with higher security and much lower cost than other traditional means could provide, for example, the use crewed helicopters. With factors like fatigue and tiredness due to extensive hours of work the human eye can often fail on the mis ...
Transcript
Transcript

... wonderful classical history of the idea of regional localization. That history is evident at very early embryonic stages. So on the left-hand side here we're looking at an embryo perhaps at an early stage of neural development and what this small group of cells has to transform itself into is the br ...
introduction presentation - Sinoe Medical Association
introduction presentation - Sinoe Medical Association

... The cytoskeleton with neurofilaments and neurotubules (in place of microfilaments and microtubules) Bundles of neurofilaments called neurofibrils support the dendrites and axon. - most nerve cells do not contain centrioles and cannot ...
Loss of Notch Activity in the Developing Central Nervous System
Loss of Notch Activity in the Developing Central Nervous System

... the recombination of ‘floxed’ (flanked by loxP sites) alleles within the ventral telencephalon and anterior portion of the optic vesicles as early as E8.5 [Hebert and McConnell, 2000; Fuccillo et al., 2004] and throughout the entire telencephalon by E9.5 and E10.5 [Mason et al., 2005]. To obtain Notch ...
NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
NEUROTRANSMITTERS IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

... [12]. Neurons that contain nNOS, enzyme that catalyzes production of NO, have been found in various locations throughout the brain. Although nNOS containing neurons make less than 1% of cortical cell bodies, it has been shown that these neurons ramify extensively, so that majority of cortical neuron ...
Comparing neuronal and behavioral thresholds
Comparing neuronal and behavioral thresholds

... Earlier studies in primates have found neurons in the dorsal division of the medial superior temporal area that are tuned for spiral direction [2,3], in a similar manner as middle temporal neurons are tuned for the direction of linear motion [4]. These neurons may play an important role in optic flo ...
Inhibitory neuron diversity originates from cardinal classes
Inhibitory neuron diversity originates from cardinal classes

... peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. ...
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Chapter 1

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NEURAL NETWORKS
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Nervous System Notes
Nervous System Notes

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Design principles of sensory receptors
Design principles of sensory receptors

Synaptic Responses of Cortical Pyramidal Neurons to Light
Synaptic Responses of Cortical Pyramidal Neurons to Light

... B, An extracellularrecordingof unit activity in the molecularlayerof the cortex(tap truce) revealsneuronsdischarging in response to a flashof light. The latencyof unit firing corresponds to the latencyof IPSPsrecordedintracellularlyin a nearbycorticalpyramidalneuron(lower truce). C, Schematicof the ...
A Self-Organizing Neural  Network  That  Learns  to
A Self-Organizing Neural Network That Learns to

... predictions of its future appearance,and they reorganize themselves to generate better predictions. If the predictivity principle were satisfied (i.e., a visual system generates perfect predictions of the appearance of its view of the world, downto the last image detail), then dearly we could infer ...
Slide 1
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... FIGURE 13.2 Organizer transplant experiment of Mangold and Spemann. Tissue around the DBL was removed from one embryo (black) and placed into the ventral side of another (light gray). The transplanted DBL, if large enough, will cause a complete second dorsal axis to form on the host embryo, resulti ...
Nora Jarvis October 3, 2011 Masters in Teaching Program
Nora Jarvis October 3, 2011 Masters in Teaching Program

... and morally. This incorporates the rational-empirical aspect of knowledge with the physical body, the feelings of students, and knowing the morally right path. They outline this aspect because it allows for reflection in the classroom It also allows for students to relate to subjects in different wa ...
Nervous system Sense cells and organs
Nervous system Sense cells and organs

... Biology by Campbell & Reece, chap 48.1 Invertebrate zoology by Barnes, Ruppert and Fox, part of the introduction chapters+ text to figures ...
Biochemistry of Nerve Transmission - I-GaP
Biochemistry of Nerve Transmission - I-GaP

Biology 232
Biology 232

... Autonomic Nervous System – regulates activities of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands; operate at all times, usually without conscious control or perception operates mainly via reflex arcs Comparison of Somatic and Autonomic Nervous Systems ...
What is a moment? `Cortical` sensory integration over a brief interval
What is a moment? `Cortical` sensory integration over a brief interval

... myelinated axons between areas A and W introduce a small signal delay between these two areas. However, this delay is very similar for all axons between A and W. Electrophysiology in vivo Area A As described above and shown in Fig. 3, the projection neurons of area A provide the input to area W. We ...
Lachesin: an immunoglobulin superfamily protein whose expression
Lachesin: an immunoglobulin superfamily protein whose expression

... axons later in development. This expression is unique among known insect neurogenic genes and suggests a role for Lachesin in early neuronal differentiation and axon outgrowth. Grasshopper Lachesin is a 38 103 Mr protein linked to cell membranes through a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol anchor. We hav ...
Cellular and Systems Neurophysiology Part 13: The Motor
Cellular and Systems Neurophysiology Part 13: The Motor

... As described in the textbook, this example is from a type of neuron that is important for swimming in the lamprey Glutamate is necessary to generate this oscillatory pattern However, glutamate concentration can remain constant, with no pattern Other types of neurons oscillate with no external (synap ...
Lect5
Lect5

... • What are ionic currents? – So far, voltage (V) – When ions move  current (I) – Movement through channel is resistance (R) • Reciprocal is conductance (g) ...
Spinal Cord Tutorial 101
Spinal Cord Tutorial 101

... between the cells, with the help of chemicals called neurotransmitters. To transmit an action potential message across a synapse, neurotransmitter molecules are released from one neuron (the "pre-synaptic" neuron) across the gap to the next neuron (the "post-synaptic" neuron). The process continues ...
The Nervous System
The Nervous System

...  Fovea centralis – area of the retina with only cones  Respond best in bright light  No photoreceptor cells are at the optic disk, or blind spot ...
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Channelrhodopsin



Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.
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