Bio70 Psychobiology Fall 2006 First Midterm October 12 Version A
... 44. Slow and continuous stretching exercises could relax a muscle by: a. stretching the muscle spindle organs. b. decreasing glucose utilization. c. stretching the Golgi tendon organs. d. increasing muscle fiber density. ...
... 44. Slow and continuous stretching exercises could relax a muscle by: a. stretching the muscle spindle organs. b. decreasing glucose utilization. c. stretching the Golgi tendon organs. d. increasing muscle fiber density. ...
Nervous System Student Notes File
... neurotransmitters that open Na+ gates triggering depolarization c) _________________________________________________ (IPSP) are caused by neurotransmitters which open K+ or Cl- gates causing hyperpolarization d) A single EPSP is rarely strong enough to trigger an action potential, although and addit ...
... neurotransmitters that open Na+ gates triggering depolarization c) _________________________________________________ (IPSP) are caused by neurotransmitters which open K+ or Cl- gates causing hyperpolarization d) A single EPSP is rarely strong enough to trigger an action potential, although and addit ...
A natural example of different circuit architectures for analogous
... membrane and synaptic parameters might produce relatively similar network outputs. However, there is still a general assumption that similar behaviors in related animal species originate from a common neural architecture. In this study, we show that two species produce similar behaviors using hom ...
... membrane and synaptic parameters might produce relatively similar network outputs. However, there is still a general assumption that similar behaviors in related animal species originate from a common neural architecture. In this study, we show that two species produce similar behaviors using hom ...
Lecture 2 - Nerve Impulse
... Potential: occurs when there is a change in polarity in the axon’s membrane. “All or none” - Depolarization - When the inside of the axon first becomes positive compared to the outside of the cell. Na+ ions move to the inside of the axon. - Repolarization - When the inside of the axon becomes negati ...
... Potential: occurs when there is a change in polarity in the axon’s membrane. “All or none” - Depolarization - When the inside of the axon first becomes positive compared to the outside of the cell. Na+ ions move to the inside of the axon. - Repolarization - When the inside of the axon becomes negati ...
PPTX - Bonham Chemistry
... Neurotransmitter: A chemical messenger between a neuron and another target cell; a neuron, muscle cell or cell of a gland. Hormone: A chemical messenger released by an endocrine gland into the bloodstream and transported therein to reach its target cell. The distinction between a neurotransmitter an ...
... Neurotransmitter: A chemical messenger between a neuron and another target cell; a neuron, muscle cell or cell of a gland. Hormone: A chemical messenger released by an endocrine gland into the bloodstream and transported therein to reach its target cell. The distinction between a neurotransmitter an ...
The Nervous System - Canton Local Schools
... nervous system Dendrite: The bushy, branching extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward cell body Axon: the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers. Used to pass messages to other neurons or muscles and glands Myelin Sheath: A layer of fatty tissue s ...
... nervous system Dendrite: The bushy, branching extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward cell body Axon: the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers. Used to pass messages to other neurons or muscles and glands Myelin Sheath: A layer of fatty tissue s ...
psy221 tutorial kit - Covenant University
... 6. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal of a neuron, it triggers the release of chemical messengers called____ neurotransmitters. 7. The sympathetic nervous system arouses us for action and the parasympathetic nervous system calms us down. Together, the two systems make up the______ pe ...
... 6. When an action potential reaches the axon terminal of a neuron, it triggers the release of chemical messengers called____ neurotransmitters. 7. The sympathetic nervous system arouses us for action and the parasympathetic nervous system calms us down. Together, the two systems make up the______ pe ...
Document
... • A neuron which carries signals from tissue to brain is a sensory neuron or afferent neuron. • A neuron which carries signals from the brain to tissue is a motor neuron or efferent neuron. ...
... • A neuron which carries signals from tissue to brain is a sensory neuron or afferent neuron. • A neuron which carries signals from the brain to tissue is a motor neuron or efferent neuron. ...
Puzzle 2A: The Neuron and Nervous System
... 9. These neurons carry information from the specialized receptor cells in the sense organs 10. Designates the messagesending neuron at the ...
... 9. These neurons carry information from the specialized receptor cells in the sense organs 10. Designates the messagesending neuron at the ...
Organization and Development of the Nervous System
... Well… brain cancer is usually GLIA, not NEURONS ...
... Well… brain cancer is usually GLIA, not NEURONS ...
What are Neurons
... Interneurons are responsible for communicating information between different neurons in the body. ...
... Interneurons are responsible for communicating information between different neurons in the body. ...
Neurons – A whistle-stop Tour
... http://www.google.co.nz/imgres?imgurl=http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/morris5/medialib/images/F02_01.jpg&imgrefurl=http://http://www.google.co.nz/images?q=neuron&oe=utf8&rls=org.mozilla http://www.google.co.nz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.faqs.org/photo-dict/photofiles/list/667/1077neuron.jpg ...
... http://www.google.co.nz/imgres?imgurl=http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/morris5/medialib/images/F02_01.jpg&imgrefurl=http://http://www.google.co.nz/images?q=neuron&oe=utf8&rls=org.mozilla http://www.google.co.nz/imgres?imgurl=http://www.faqs.org/photo-dict/photofiles/list/667/1077neuron.jpg ...
PNS Study Guide
... 6. What are the two functional classifications of the PNS? Describe the function of each (flow chart). 7. What are the 2 types of motor nerves? How are they different? 8. What are the 2 types of autonomic nerves? Make sure you know when they are used. 9. Be able to draw and describe a reflex arc. 10 ...
... 6. What are the two functional classifications of the PNS? Describe the function of each (flow chart). 7. What are the 2 types of motor nerves? How are they different? 8. What are the 2 types of autonomic nerves? Make sure you know when they are used. 9. Be able to draw and describe a reflex arc. 10 ...
Document
... 2. During an action potential, Na channels open, causing Na ions to move into the axon. ...
... 2. During an action potential, Na channels open, causing Na ions to move into the axon. ...
Nervous System - Creston High School
... Exists between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another. Neurons can have a large number connecting to numerous other neurons. (This accounts for the complexity of the nervous system) When an action potential reaches the end of an axon, neurotransmitters are stimulated to flood the gap and ...
... Exists between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another. Neurons can have a large number connecting to numerous other neurons. (This accounts for the complexity of the nervous system) When an action potential reaches the end of an axon, neurotransmitters are stimulated to flood the gap and ...
Neurons: Our Building Blocks
... -The axon gets its energy from charged chemicals called ions. In its normal state, the ions have a small negative charge called resting potential. -This negative balance can be easily upset, however. When the cell becomes excited, it triggers the action potential, which reverses the charge and cause ...
... -The axon gets its energy from charged chemicals called ions. In its normal state, the ions have a small negative charge called resting potential. -This negative balance can be easily upset, however. When the cell becomes excited, it triggers the action potential, which reverses the charge and cause ...
Neuron Structure and Function
... Voltage gated channels close. Sodium/potassium pump must create resting potential. Uses ATP to do this. Neuron is now back to resting potential. ...
... Voltage gated channels close. Sodium/potassium pump must create resting potential. Uses ATP to do this. Neuron is now back to resting potential. ...
Autonomic nervous system
... another neuron is called the synapse. A neuron transmits its impulses or message to another neuron across the synapse by releasing chemicals called neurotransmitters. ...
... another neuron is called the synapse. A neuron transmits its impulses or message to another neuron across the synapse by releasing chemicals called neurotransmitters. ...
Chapter 2 PowerPoint
... All or None Law • This is the principle that a neuron is either sufficiently stimulated and an action potential occurs; or the neuron is not sufficiently stimulated and the action potential does not occur. • In other words, the neuron can’t fire just a little bit--it either sends a message or it do ...
... All or None Law • This is the principle that a neuron is either sufficiently stimulated and an action potential occurs; or the neuron is not sufficiently stimulated and the action potential does not occur. • In other words, the neuron can’t fire just a little bit--it either sends a message or it do ...
Lecture notes - University of Sussex
... • UNITs: artificial neuron (linear or nonlinear inputoutput unit), small numbers, typically less than a few ...
... • UNITs: artificial neuron (linear or nonlinear inputoutput unit), small numbers, typically less than a few ...
Synaptic gating
Synaptic gating is the ability of neural circuits to gate inputs by either suppressing or facilitating specific synaptic activity. Selective inhibition of certain synapses has been studied thoroughly (see Gate theory of pain), and recent studies have supported the existence of permissively gated synaptic transmission. In general, synaptic gating involves a mechanism of central control over neuronal output. It includes a sort of gatekeeper neuron, which has the ability to influence transmission of information to selected targets independently of the parts of the synapse upon which it exerts its action (see also neuromodulation).Bistable neurons have the ability to oscillate between a hyperpolarized (down state) and a depolarized (up state) resting membrane potential without firing an action potential. These neurons can thus be referred to as up/down neurons. According to one model, this ability is linked to the presence of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors. External stimulation of the NMDA receptors is responsible for moving the neuron from the down state to the up state, while the stimulation of AMPA receptors allows the neuron to reach and surpass the threshold potential. Neurons that have this bistable ability have the potential to be gated because outside gatekeeper neurons can modulate the membrane potential of the gated neuron by selectively shifting them from the up state to the down state. Such mechanisms have been observed in the nucleus accumbens, with gatekeepers originating in the cortex, thalamus and basal ganglia.