neural plasticity
... When a neuron is sufficiently stimulated to reach action potential, an electrical impulse occurs within the neuron. This impulse travels in one direction, from the dendrites/cell body end of the (pre-synaptic) neuron to the ends of the terminal branches of the neuronal axon located at the synapse wi ...
... When a neuron is sufficiently stimulated to reach action potential, an electrical impulse occurs within the neuron. This impulse travels in one direction, from the dendrites/cell body end of the (pre-synaptic) neuron to the ends of the terminal branches of the neuronal axon located at the synapse wi ...
Neurophysiology,Dr Sravanti
... depolarization is weaker the further it gets from the stimulus. When the stimulus is turned off, the PSP disappears. ...
... depolarization is weaker the further it gets from the stimulus. When the stimulus is turned off, the PSP disappears. ...
FIGURE LEGENDS FIGURE 25.1 Drawing of the auditory periphery
... Circuit of the medial superior olive (MSO), which is sensitive to interaural time differences (ITD). Input to the cochlear nucleus (CN) from the auditory nerve terminates at the large endbulbs of Held that synapse onto spherical bushy cells (see Fig. 25.18A). Bushy cells project bilaterally such tha ...
... Circuit of the medial superior olive (MSO), which is sensitive to interaural time differences (ITD). Input to the cochlear nucleus (CN) from the auditory nerve terminates at the large endbulbs of Held that synapse onto spherical bushy cells (see Fig. 25.18A). Bushy cells project bilaterally such tha ...
Brain
... Dendrites: Branching extensions at the cell body. Receive messages from other neurons. Axon: Long single extension of a neuron, covered with myelin [MY-uh-lin] sheath to insulate and speed up messages through neurons. Terminal Branches of axon: Branched endings of an axon that transmit messages to o ...
... Dendrites: Branching extensions at the cell body. Receive messages from other neurons. Axon: Long single extension of a neuron, covered with myelin [MY-uh-lin] sheath to insulate and speed up messages through neurons. Terminal Branches of axon: Branched endings of an axon that transmit messages to o ...
Click Here To
... Consists of the brain and spinal cord Brain: protected by the skull Spinal cord: protected by the spine Both surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid Cushions the brain and spinal cord from injury ...
... Consists of the brain and spinal cord Brain: protected by the skull Spinal cord: protected by the spine Both surrounded by cerebrospinal fluid Cushions the brain and spinal cord from injury ...
Presentation Package - faculty.coe.unt.edu
... • Neurons communicate with muscle cells at neuromuscular junctions, which function much like a neural synapse. • The refractory period is the time it takes the muscle fiber to repolarize before the fiber can respond to another stimulus. • Acetylcholine and epinephrine are the neurotransmitters most ...
... • Neurons communicate with muscle cells at neuromuscular junctions, which function much like a neural synapse. • The refractory period is the time it takes the muscle fiber to repolarize before the fiber can respond to another stimulus. • Acetylcholine and epinephrine are the neurotransmitters most ...
Spinal Cord/ Reflex Action mainly
... • What would happen if there were no gaps between neurons? • What is the refractory period and why does it occur? ...
... • What would happen if there were no gaps between neurons? • What is the refractory period and why does it occur? ...
Central Nervous System
... Axon: a single strand that extends away from the cell body and conducts impulses away from the cell body. Dendrites and axons are also called nerve fibers. Bundles of nerve fibers bound together by specialized tissues are called nerves. The junction between 2 neurons or between a neuron and a recept ...
... Axon: a single strand that extends away from the cell body and conducts impulses away from the cell body. Dendrites and axons are also called nerve fibers. Bundles of nerve fibers bound together by specialized tissues are called nerves. The junction between 2 neurons or between a neuron and a recept ...
Outline12 CNS - Napa Valley College
... Lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital Functional brain areas: frontal lobe - primary motor area, speech (Broca’s) area; prefrontal cortex - higher-level thinking, planning, judgment, personality parietal lobe - primary somatosensory area; sensory association areas occipital lobe - visual cor ...
... Lobes: frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital Functional brain areas: frontal lobe - primary motor area, speech (Broca’s) area; prefrontal cortex - higher-level thinking, planning, judgment, personality parietal lobe - primary somatosensory area; sensory association areas occipital lobe - visual cor ...
chapter 48
... Astrocytes: are found within the CNS and provide structural and metabolic support as well as forming of tight junctions to help form the blood-brain barrier. They also communicate with one another via ...
... Astrocytes: are found within the CNS and provide structural and metabolic support as well as forming of tight junctions to help form the blood-brain barrier. They also communicate with one another via ...
Nervous System
... • A young bird leaves the nest but does not become sexually mature until the following spring. • A male that has been hatched and reared in isolation can sing but not the species specific song. • If a young bird hears the adult song but its hearing is blocked before spring it is unable to repeat th ...
... • A young bird leaves the nest but does not become sexually mature until the following spring. • A male that has been hatched and reared in isolation can sing but not the species specific song. • If a young bird hears the adult song but its hearing is blocked before spring it is unable to repeat th ...
chapter summary
... Ultimate responsibility for many discrete functions is known to be localized in particular regions of the cortex as follows: (1) the occipital lobes house the visual cortex; (2) the auditory cortex is found in the temporal lobes; (3) the parietal lobes are responsible for reception and perceptual pr ...
... Ultimate responsibility for many discrete functions is known to be localized in particular regions of the cortex as follows: (1) the occipital lobes house the visual cortex; (2) the auditory cortex is found in the temporal lobes; (3) the parietal lobes are responsible for reception and perceptual pr ...
Chapter 48 Nervous Systems
... hyperpolarization or depolarization—varies with the strength of the stimulus. A larger stimulus causes a larger change in membrane permeability and, thus, a larger change in membrane potential. In most neurons, depolarizations are graded only up to a certain membrane voltage, called the threshold. ...
... hyperpolarization or depolarization—varies with the strength of the stimulus. A larger stimulus causes a larger change in membrane permeability and, thus, a larger change in membrane potential. In most neurons, depolarizations are graded only up to a certain membrane voltage, called the threshold. ...
The Nervous System
... electrical signals to communicate with other cells • An impulse is: an electrical signal travelling through a neuron • A nerve is: a bundle of neurons • Sensory neurons: carry impulses from receptors (e.g. in skin) to the central nervous system (brain/spinal cord) • Motor neurons: carry impulses fro ...
... electrical signals to communicate with other cells • An impulse is: an electrical signal travelling through a neuron • A nerve is: a bundle of neurons • Sensory neurons: carry impulses from receptors (e.g. in skin) to the central nervous system (brain/spinal cord) • Motor neurons: carry impulses fro ...
– Cell loss Brain, Neuron
... neuronal necrosis. Compare this image with those of Figure 2 and Figure 3 depicting the same region of hippocampus in a control animal. The atrophy of this portion of the hippocampus interferes with normal function, notably learning, memory, and spatial recognition processes. Neuronal cell loss due ...
... neuronal necrosis. Compare this image with those of Figure 2 and Figure 3 depicting the same region of hippocampus in a control animal. The atrophy of this portion of the hippocampus interferes with normal function, notably learning, memory, and spatial recognition processes. Neuronal cell loss due ...
Lecture slides
... cortical neuron receives input from ~104 other neurons. •It is not always trivial to predict circuit-level properties from single neuron properties. There could be interesting properties emerging at the network level. ...
... cortical neuron receives input from ~104 other neurons. •It is not always trivial to predict circuit-level properties from single neuron properties. There could be interesting properties emerging at the network level. ...
perceptionlecture5
... Is a set of Reichardt detectors is sensitive to motion in one direction and only in a particular speed? It seems like an inefficient design since a great number of neurons will be required to encode motion in all possible directions and speed, unless each of them can actually encode for a small ran ...
... Is a set of Reichardt detectors is sensitive to motion in one direction and only in a particular speed? It seems like an inefficient design since a great number of neurons will be required to encode motion in all possible directions and speed, unless each of them can actually encode for a small ran ...
Nature 402
... other cerebral structures and itself. • The PFC is dedicated to the emotional behavior, memory, planning, execution of actions and temporal organization of behavior. ...
... other cerebral structures and itself. • The PFC is dedicated to the emotional behavior, memory, planning, execution of actions and temporal organization of behavior. ...
Resting Potential
... A. Synapses are often very localized on a neuron. They open channels that allow current to flow into the cell. If, for example, the channels that open are permeable to sodium, sodium ions will enter and depolarize the cell as the membrane potential moves toward the sodium equilibrium potential. ...
... A. Synapses are often very localized on a neuron. They open channels that allow current to flow into the cell. If, for example, the channels that open are permeable to sodium, sodium ions will enter and depolarize the cell as the membrane potential moves toward the sodium equilibrium potential. ...
Taken from the Body/brain BOOGIE VIDEO by Jeff Haebig
... Prime your brain: One of the most recent discoveries reveals how physical activities involving the lower brain, sends energy to the upper thinking cortex, and vice versa. This means that exercise involving the basal ganglia and cerebellum primes the executive frontal lobes involved with mental activ ...
... Prime your brain: One of the most recent discoveries reveals how physical activities involving the lower brain, sends energy to the upper thinking cortex, and vice versa. This means that exercise involving the basal ganglia and cerebellum primes the executive frontal lobes involved with mental activ ...
Neural Development
... by using chemical attractants (blue) and repellants (orange) located around or on the surface of guide cells. Left: An axon begins to grow toward target tissue. Guide cells 1 and 3 secrete attractants that cause the axon to grow toward them, while guide cell 2 secretes a repellant. Surfaces of guide ...
... by using chemical attractants (blue) and repellants (orange) located around or on the surface of guide cells. Left: An axon begins to grow toward target tissue. Guide cells 1 and 3 secrete attractants that cause the axon to grow toward them, while guide cell 2 secretes a repellant. Surfaces of guide ...
Taken from the Body/brain BOOGIE VIDEO by Jeff Haebig
... Prime your brain: One of the most recent discoveries reveals how physical activities involving the lower brain, sends energy to the upper thinking cortex, and vice versa. This means that exercise involving the basal ganglia and cerebellum primes the executive frontal lobes involved with mental activ ...
... Prime your brain: One of the most recent discoveries reveals how physical activities involving the lower brain, sends energy to the upper thinking cortex, and vice versa. This means that exercise involving the basal ganglia and cerebellum primes the executive frontal lobes involved with mental activ ...
Synaptic gating
Synaptic gating is the ability of neural circuits to gate inputs by either suppressing or facilitating specific synaptic activity. Selective inhibition of certain synapses has been studied thoroughly (see Gate theory of pain), and recent studies have supported the existence of permissively gated synaptic transmission. In general, synaptic gating involves a mechanism of central control over neuronal output. It includes a sort of gatekeeper neuron, which has the ability to influence transmission of information to selected targets independently of the parts of the synapse upon which it exerts its action (see also neuromodulation).Bistable neurons have the ability to oscillate between a hyperpolarized (down state) and a depolarized (up state) resting membrane potential without firing an action potential. These neurons can thus be referred to as up/down neurons. According to one model, this ability is linked to the presence of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors. External stimulation of the NMDA receptors is responsible for moving the neuron from the down state to the up state, while the stimulation of AMPA receptors allows the neuron to reach and surpass the threshold potential. Neurons that have this bistable ability have the potential to be gated because outside gatekeeper neurons can modulate the membrane potential of the gated neuron by selectively shifting them from the up state to the down state. Such mechanisms have been observed in the nucleus accumbens, with gatekeepers originating in the cortex, thalamus and basal ganglia.