Olfactory Bulb Simulation
... Such a model will enable one to mathematically define and capture the processes of Olfaction Focus is on developing a Neural Network which will both biologically and characteristically simulate the Olfactory System ...
... Such a model will enable one to mathematically define and capture the processes of Olfaction Focus is on developing a Neural Network which will both biologically and characteristically simulate the Olfactory System ...
Integration of Perspective and Disparity Cues in Surface
... Masato Taira. Integration of perspective and disparity cues in surface-orientation–selective neurons of area CIP. J Neurophysiol 86: 2856 –2867, 2001. We investigated the effects of linear perspective and binocular disparity, as monocular and binocular depth cues, respectively, on the response of su ...
... Masato Taira. Integration of perspective and disparity cues in surface-orientation–selective neurons of area CIP. J Neurophysiol 86: 2856 –2867, 2001. We investigated the effects of linear perspective and binocular disparity, as monocular and binocular depth cues, respectively, on the response of su ...
Coordinated Interaction between Hippocampal Sharp
... that almost all ACC neurons showed increased activity before hippocampal ripple activity; moreover, a subpopulation (17%) displayed a further activation immediately after ripple activity. This postripple activation of ACC neurons correlated positively with ripple amplitude, and the same neurons were ...
... that almost all ACC neurons showed increased activity before hippocampal ripple activity; moreover, a subpopulation (17%) displayed a further activation immediately after ripple activity. This postripple activation of ACC neurons correlated positively with ripple amplitude, and the same neurons were ...
Cortex-inspired Developmental Learning for Vision-based Navigation, Attention and Recognition
... behaviors in the challenging task of vision-based navigation, using reinforcement learning and supervised learning jointly. Locally Balanced Incremental Hierarchical Discriminant Regression (LBIHDR) Tree was developed as a cognitive mapping engine to automatically generate internal representations, ...
... behaviors in the challenging task of vision-based navigation, using reinforcement learning and supervised learning jointly. Locally Balanced Incremental Hierarchical Discriminant Regression (LBIHDR) Tree was developed as a cognitive mapping engine to automatically generate internal representations, ...
Response Characteristics of Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn Neurons in
... neurons recorded from lumbar segments had RFs mostly on the paw, limb, or hip, whereas neurons recorded from low thoracic segments usually had their RFs on the flank. In contrast to the neurons recorded in control rats, 10 of 53 units in allodynic rats had no peripheral RFs. The mean recording depth ...
... neurons recorded from lumbar segments had RFs mostly on the paw, limb, or hip, whereas neurons recorded from low thoracic segments usually had their RFs on the flank. In contrast to the neurons recorded in control rats, 10 of 53 units in allodynic rats had no peripheral RFs. The mean recording depth ...
Evolutionary Neurotheology - UTK-EECS
... The principal problem arises because of the unique properties of conscious experience. First, consciousness is private, but scientific knowledge is public knowledge; it is founded ultimately on a consensus of appropriately trained investigators. Therefore science has made the most progress on physic ...
... The principal problem arises because of the unique properties of conscious experience. First, consciousness is private, but scientific knowledge is public knowledge; it is founded ultimately on a consensus of appropriately trained investigators. Therefore science has made the most progress on physic ...
Mitochondrial DNA deletions are abundant and
... regardless of cutoff age, 40 to 69 years). Moreover, there was a very high absolute prevalence of mtDNA deletions in neurons from aged substantia nigra (Fig. 1). In addition, in many neurons, the fraction of deletions exceeded 60%, which is believed to be the phenotypic threshold (the fraction above ...
... regardless of cutoff age, 40 to 69 years). Moreover, there was a very high absolute prevalence of mtDNA deletions in neurons from aged substantia nigra (Fig. 1). In addition, in many neurons, the fraction of deletions exceeded 60%, which is believed to be the phenotypic threshold (the fraction above ...
Frontal lobe and cognitive development
... The precise functional role of the connections of the prefrontal cortex is not entirely known, but can be inferred from the functional role of the structures with which it is connected. In general terms, the prefrontal-limbic connections are involved in the control of emotional behavior, whereas the ...
... The precise functional role of the connections of the prefrontal cortex is not entirely known, but can be inferred from the functional role of the structures with which it is connected. In general terms, the prefrontal-limbic connections are involved in the control of emotional behavior, whereas the ...
Unit 2: Biological Psychology
... What is the peripheral nervous system, and what does it do? What is the central nervous system, and what structures is it comprised of? What are the two components of the peripheral nervous system? What does the somatic nervous system do? What is the autonomic nervous system, and what kinds of funct ...
... What is the peripheral nervous system, and what does it do? What is the central nervous system, and what structures is it comprised of? What are the two components of the peripheral nervous system? What does the somatic nervous system do? What is the autonomic nervous system, and what kinds of funct ...
ch.6
... Click the Forward button to go to the next slide. Click the Previous button to return to the previous slide. Click the Home button to return to the Chapter Menu. Click the Transparency button from the Chapter Menu or Chapter Introduction slides to access the Concept Transparencies that are relevant ...
... Click the Forward button to go to the next slide. Click the Previous button to return to the previous slide. Click the Home button to return to the Chapter Menu. Click the Transparency button from the Chapter Menu or Chapter Introduction slides to access the Concept Transparencies that are relevant ...
General anaesthesia: from molecular targets to neuronal
... reactive etomidate analogue labelled Met286 in the β subunit and Met236 in the α subunit, suggesting that there is an anaesthetic-binding site at the α–β subunit interface (an equivalent site for benzodiazepines is thought to exist at the α–δ interface)28. This is a promising but technically difficu ...
... reactive etomidate analogue labelled Met286 in the β subunit and Met236 in the α subunit, suggesting that there is an anaesthetic-binding site at the α–β subunit interface (an equivalent site for benzodiazepines is thought to exist at the α–δ interface)28. This is a promising but technically difficu ...
- Wiley Online Library
... neuropathological conditions, as irregular cellular proteolysis of physiologically important neuronal proteins has severe consequences for the integrity of neuronal structure and function. The disorder or breakdown of the endosomal/lysosomal proteolytic system has also been suggested to be of pathol ...
... neuropathological conditions, as irregular cellular proteolysis of physiologically important neuronal proteins has severe consequences for the integrity of neuronal structure and function. The disorder or breakdown of the endosomal/lysosomal proteolytic system has also been suggested to be of pathol ...
Axo-axonic synapses formed by somatostatin
... In cerebral cortex of rat and monkey, the neuropeptide somatostatin (SOM) marks a population of nonpyramidal cells (McDonald et al. [1982] J. Neurocytol. 11:809 – 824; Hendry et al. [1984] J. Neurosci. 4:2497:2517; Laemle and Feldman [1985] J. Comp. Neurol. 233:452– 462; Meineke and Peters [1986] J. ...
... In cerebral cortex of rat and monkey, the neuropeptide somatostatin (SOM) marks a population of nonpyramidal cells (McDonald et al. [1982] J. Neurocytol. 11:809 – 824; Hendry et al. [1984] J. Neurosci. 4:2497:2517; Laemle and Feldman [1985] J. Comp. Neurol. 233:452– 462; Meineke and Peters [1986] J. ...
Optical recording of electrical activity in intact neuronal networks
... neuroscience is how simple processes in neurons can generate cognitive functions and form complex memories like those experienced by humans and animals. In principle, if one were able to record from all the neurons in a network involved in a given behavior, it would be possible to reconstruct the r ...
... neuroscience is how simple processes in neurons can generate cognitive functions and form complex memories like those experienced by humans and animals. In principle, if one were able to record from all the neurons in a network involved in a given behavior, it would be possible to reconstruct the r ...
Foundations for a Circuit Complexity Theory of Sensory
... Circuit complexity theory is a classical area of theoretical computer science, that provides estimates for the complexity of circuits for computing specific benchmark functions, such a binary addition, multiplication and sorting (see, e.g. (Savage, 1998)). In recent years interest has grown in under ...
... Circuit complexity theory is a classical area of theoretical computer science, that provides estimates for the complexity of circuits for computing specific benchmark functions, such a binary addition, multiplication and sorting (see, e.g. (Savage, 1998)). In recent years interest has grown in under ...
Mechanical Response Properties of A and C Primary Afferent
... of meningeal sensory fibers (Wolff 1963). Migraine headache, although not accompanied by any detectable pathology, shares certain clinical features with headaches of intracranial origin, and has also been postulated to result from activation of the meningeal sensory innervation (reviewed in Strassma ...
... of meningeal sensory fibers (Wolff 1963). Migraine headache, although not accompanied by any detectable pathology, shares certain clinical features with headaches of intracranial origin, and has also been postulated to result from activation of the meningeal sensory innervation (reviewed in Strassma ...
Visual Motion-Detection Circuits in Flies: Small
... Reduced silver staining. Tissue was fixed either in Gregory’s (1980) synthetically aged Bouin’s solution or in acetic acid–alcohol formalin. After fixation, the heads were washed in 70% ethanol and the brain was dissected from the head capsule, dehydrated, cleared in terpineol and then xylene, embed ...
... Reduced silver staining. Tissue was fixed either in Gregory’s (1980) synthetically aged Bouin’s solution or in acetic acid–alcohol formalin. After fixation, the heads were washed in 70% ethanol and the brain was dissected from the head capsule, dehydrated, cleared in terpineol and then xylene, embed ...
Tau pathology does not affect experience-driven single
... the severity of cognitive symptoms and mouse models of tauopathy are behaviorally impaired. However, there is little evidence that NFTs directly impact physiological properties of host neurons. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy to study how advanced tau pathology in different brain ...
... the severity of cognitive symptoms and mouse models of tauopathy are behaviorally impaired. However, there is little evidence that NFTs directly impact physiological properties of host neurons. Here we used a transgenic mouse model of tauopathy to study how advanced tau pathology in different brain ...
E(R) - Consciousness Online
... Attention is the system that satisfies the brain’s demand for information. It is controlled by decision variables related to active learning. These variables prioritize *reliable predictors that we can learn from *novel/uncertain/surprising stimuli that we can learn about. Two computations may iden ...
... Attention is the system that satisfies the brain’s demand for information. It is controlled by decision variables related to active learning. These variables prioritize *reliable predictors that we can learn from *novel/uncertain/surprising stimuli that we can learn about. Two computations may iden ...
Chapter 6 The peripheral nervous system Unit
... membrane of the neuron. Electrical voltage and the nature of the nerve impulse will be described in more detail in Chapter 7. Although all nerve impulses travel quickly there is a lot of variation in speed of transmission. The speed at which an impulse travels depends on whether the nerve fibre is m ...
... membrane of the neuron. Electrical voltage and the nature of the nerve impulse will be described in more detail in Chapter 7. Although all nerve impulses travel quickly there is a lot of variation in speed of transmission. The speed at which an impulse travels depends on whether the nerve fibre is m ...
Full Text PDF - J
... In the present study, to confirm in vivo the loss of γtubulin from the centrosome of neurons, and to address why the centrosome loses γ-tubulin, we investigated the expression of γ-tubulin and its recruiting proteins, GCPWD/NEDD1 and CDK5RAP2 during the development of mouse brain. GCP-WD and CDK5RAP ...
... In the present study, to confirm in vivo the loss of γtubulin from the centrosome of neurons, and to address why the centrosome loses γ-tubulin, we investigated the expression of γ-tubulin and its recruiting proteins, GCPWD/NEDD1 and CDK5RAP2 during the development of mouse brain. GCP-WD and CDK5RAP ...
Excitatory Effect of GABAergic Axo
... from AACs is surrounded by a high concentration of sodium channels (5). These synapses are the closest to the suggested site of the action potential initiation (5, 6). The effect of AACs on the postsynaptic cells is mediated by gaminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors. Thus, the polarity of posts ...
... from AACs is surrounded by a high concentration of sodium channels (5). These synapses are the closest to the suggested site of the action potential initiation (5, 6). The effect of AACs on the postsynaptic cells is mediated by gaminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors. Thus, the polarity of posts ...
Chapter 3
... ake a look at the painting in Figure 3.1. It is pleasing, colorful, and nicely done. It features realistic color, perspective, and shadowing. It seems, perhaps, not extraordinary—except by virtue of its maker. He cannot see at all. Born blind to an impoverished family in Turkey, Esref Armagan starte ...
... ake a look at the painting in Figure 3.1. It is pleasing, colorful, and nicely done. It features realistic color, perspective, and shadowing. It seems, perhaps, not extraordinary—except by virtue of its maker. He cannot see at all. Born blind to an impoverished family in Turkey, Esref Armagan starte ...
brainstem
... Nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus pass somatic sensory information to the thalamus Olivary nuclei relay info from the spinal cord, cerebral cortex, and the brainstem to the cerebellar cortex. ...
... Nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus pass somatic sensory information to the thalamus Olivary nuclei relay info from the spinal cord, cerebral cortex, and the brainstem to the cerebellar cortex. ...
Student Presentation - UNM Computer Science
... terms of space and energy. Why is this so?” Von Neumann also says that producing the answer to this is hopeless, but that there are a few discrepancies we can observe: ...
... terms of space and energy. Why is this so?” Von Neumann also says that producing the answer to this is hopeless, but that there are a few discrepancies we can observe: ...
Synaptic gating
Synaptic gating is the ability of neural circuits to gate inputs by either suppressing or facilitating specific synaptic activity. Selective inhibition of certain synapses has been studied thoroughly (see Gate theory of pain), and recent studies have supported the existence of permissively gated synaptic transmission. In general, synaptic gating involves a mechanism of central control over neuronal output. It includes a sort of gatekeeper neuron, which has the ability to influence transmission of information to selected targets independently of the parts of the synapse upon which it exerts its action (see also neuromodulation).Bistable neurons have the ability to oscillate between a hyperpolarized (down state) and a depolarized (up state) resting membrane potential without firing an action potential. These neurons can thus be referred to as up/down neurons. According to one model, this ability is linked to the presence of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors. External stimulation of the NMDA receptors is responsible for moving the neuron from the down state to the up state, while the stimulation of AMPA receptors allows the neuron to reach and surpass the threshold potential. Neurons that have this bistable ability have the potential to be gated because outside gatekeeper neurons can modulate the membrane potential of the gated neuron by selectively shifting them from the up state to the down state. Such mechanisms have been observed in the nucleus accumbens, with gatekeepers originating in the cortex, thalamus and basal ganglia.