Chapter 5 - Cengage Learning
... 3. Reconditioning is the quick relearning of a CR after extinction. Because reconditioning takes much less time than the original conditioning, extinction must not have completely erased the association between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response. 4. Spontaneous recovery is the tem ...
... 3. Reconditioning is the quick relearning of a CR after extinction. Because reconditioning takes much less time than the original conditioning, extinction must not have completely erased the association between the conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response. 4. Spontaneous recovery is the tem ...
LEARNING
... eventually comes to trigger a conditioned response. In our earlier example, suppose that when you smelled your favorite food, you also heard the sound of a whistle. While the whistle is unrelated to the smell of the food, if the sound of the whistle was paired multiple times with the smell, the soun ...
... eventually comes to trigger a conditioned response. In our earlier example, suppose that when you smelled your favorite food, you also heard the sound of a whistle. While the whistle is unrelated to the smell of the food, if the sound of the whistle was paired multiple times with the smell, the soun ...
Slide 1
... elapsed. (e.g., preparing for an exam only when the exam draws close.) 2. Variable-interval schedule: Reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals, which produces slow, steady responses. (e.g., pop quiz.) ...
... elapsed. (e.g., preparing for an exam only when the exam draws close.) 2. Variable-interval schedule: Reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals, which produces slow, steady responses. (e.g., pop quiz.) ...
PSY402 Theories of Learning
... The shape of the gradient can be changed by training. When birds are exposed to two different tones (S+ or S-), they must discriminate between them. ...
... The shape of the gradient can be changed by training. When birds are exposed to two different tones (S+ or S-), they must discriminate between them. ...
PSY402 Theories of Learning
... A flat gradient means all stimuli are being responded to as if they were the same. Responding with a gradient to a tone occurred only when the tone signaled reward during training. ...
... A flat gradient means all stimuli are being responded to as if they were the same. Responding with a gradient to a tone occurred only when the tone signaled reward during training. ...
Take-Home Exam on Human Learning
... 10. (20 points) Explain and compare the distinguishing features of four motivation theories of dissonance theory, self-determination theory, attribution theory, and expectancy-value theory. 11. (20 points) Explain the main ideas behind Bandura’s social cognitive theory of learning. How does it contr ...
... 10. (20 points) Explain and compare the distinguishing features of four motivation theories of dissonance theory, self-determination theory, attribution theory, and expectancy-value theory. 11. (20 points) Explain the main ideas behind Bandura’s social cognitive theory of learning. How does it contr ...
Classical Conditioning
... – the tendency of a new stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus to elicit a response that is similar to the conditioned response ...
... – the tendency of a new stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus to elicit a response that is similar to the conditioned response ...
In operant conditioning
... OPERANT CONDITIONING In operant conditioning (also a type of associative learning), people and animals learn to do certain things—and not to do others—because of the results of what they do. In other words, they learn from the consequences of their actions. ...
... OPERANT CONDITIONING In operant conditioning (also a type of associative learning), people and animals learn to do certain things—and not to do others—because of the results of what they do. In other words, they learn from the consequences of their actions. ...
Behaviorism - N. Schollmeier`s Educational Research
... one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select -- doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors .” ...
... one at random and train him to become any type of specialist I might select -- doctor, lawyer, artist, merchant-chief and, yes, even beggar-man and thief, regardless of his talents, penchants, tendencies, abilities, vocations, and race of his ancestors .” ...
Operant Learning
... Hans a piece of carrot whenever he had tapped the right number of times. The horse then learned to associate his master's getting subtly tense with when to continue tapping, and his master's getting relieved with when to stop. Pfungst even went on to ...
... Hans a piece of carrot whenever he had tapped the right number of times. The horse then learned to associate his master's getting subtly tense with when to continue tapping, and his master's getting relieved with when to stop. Pfungst even went on to ...
Review #8 - Course Notes
... 7. Kimberly developed an intense fear of flying five years ago when she was in a plane crash. The fact that today she can again fly without distress indicates that her fear has undergone: a. spontaneous recovery. b. spontaneous decline. c. extinction. d. generalization. e. discrimination. 8. Spontan ...
... 7. Kimberly developed an intense fear of flying five years ago when she was in a plane crash. The fact that today she can again fly without distress indicates that her fear has undergone: a. spontaneous recovery. b. spontaneous decline. c. extinction. d. generalization. e. discrimination. 8. Spontan ...
conditioned response
... A neutral stimulus, such as a sound, that is paired with the UCS becomes a conditioned stimulus (CS). At first this neutral stimulus elicits either no response or an irrelevant response, such as looking around. After some number of pairings of the CS with the UCS, the conditioned stimulus elic ...
... A neutral stimulus, such as a sound, that is paired with the UCS becomes a conditioned stimulus (CS). At first this neutral stimulus elicits either no response or an irrelevant response, such as looking around. After some number of pairings of the CS with the UCS, the conditioned stimulus elic ...
Ch07.pps - Copley-Fairlawn City Schools
... Extinction occurs when a response is no longer followed by reinforcement so that a person will gradually stop making that response. (Tell a joke. If people do not laugh, you’re not likely to tell the joke again.) ...
... Extinction occurs when a response is no longer followed by reinforcement so that a person will gradually stop making that response. (Tell a joke. If people do not laugh, you’re not likely to tell the joke again.) ...
Operant Conditioning
... What is Operant Conditioning and how does it differ from Classical Conditioning? ...
... What is Operant Conditioning and how does it differ from Classical Conditioning? ...
TOKink 2008 Leather Families: Continued Reflections of a Kinky
... the dog begins to produce a behavioral response to the CS. Pavlov called this the conditioned response (CR). Popular forms of classical conditioning that are used to study neural structures and functions that underlie learning and memory include fear conditioning. ...
... the dog begins to produce a behavioral response to the CS. Pavlov called this the conditioned response (CR). Popular forms of classical conditioning that are used to study neural structures and functions that underlie learning and memory include fear conditioning. ...
chapter6
... stimulus is used to reinforce further learning; a CS is used as if it were a UCS • Expectancy: Expectation about how events are interconnected ...
... stimulus is used to reinforce further learning; a CS is used as if it were a UCS • Expectancy: Expectation about how events are interconnected ...
File - Oscar H. Suarez
... in this chapter are related to our daily basis, and I was not able to recognize them until the reading of this chapter. It is interesting to see how people and animals are conditioned to respond to different physical and psychological stimulus. There are many concepts to understand why sometimes we ...
... in this chapter are related to our daily basis, and I was not able to recognize them until the reading of this chapter. It is interesting to see how people and animals are conditioned to respond to different physical and psychological stimulus. There are many concepts to understand why sometimes we ...
Socio-Bio-Cognitive Learning ppt.
... • Sà S theories can account for second order conditioning, whereby a rat is conditioned to a light and then the light is paired with a sound. The rat continues to respond to the sound before extinction. • The loud sound was habituated through trials for half the rats • S => R = Rats should continue ...
... • Sà S theories can account for second order conditioning, whereby a rat is conditioned to a light and then the light is paired with a sound. The rat continues to respond to the sound before extinction. • The loud sound was habituated through trials for half the rats • S => R = Rats should continue ...
Psychology 9 - Research Study 9
... was neutral of itself had been superimposed upon the action of the inborn alimentary reflex. We observed that, after several repetitions of the combined stimulation, the sounds of the metronome had acquired the property of stimulating salivary secretion" (p. 26). In other words, the metronome had be ...
... was neutral of itself had been superimposed upon the action of the inborn alimentary reflex. We observed that, after several repetitions of the combined stimulation, the sounds of the metronome had acquired the property of stimulating salivary secretion" (p. 26). In other words, the metronome had be ...
Operant conditioning - New Paltz Central School District
... it had, landed in a fire ant hill. Needless to say, Greta’s mouth got many painful bites. From that point on, Greta avoided any ball that was the same size as a tennis ball or smaller. ...
... it had, landed in a fire ant hill. Needless to say, Greta’s mouth got many painful bites. From that point on, Greta avoided any ball that was the same size as a tennis ball or smaller. ...
Learning, Memory, & Thinking
... occurs when the conditioned stimulus (CS, like a bell) is paired with a new neutral stimulus (like a light) and can result in the new neutral stimulus becoming a new conditioned stimulus. • Example: Pair the bell that causes drooling with a light, and eventually the light will cause drooling without ...
... occurs when the conditioned stimulus (CS, like a bell) is paired with a new neutral stimulus (like a light) and can result in the new neutral stimulus becoming a new conditioned stimulus. • Example: Pair the bell that causes drooling with a light, and eventually the light will cause drooling without ...
Classical-Conditi..
... he moved away before systematic desensitization could be administered. • It is presumed that, although he still must have had fear conditioned to many various stimuli after moving, he would likely have been desensitized by his natural environments later in life. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 ...
... he moved away before systematic desensitization could be administered. • It is presumed that, although he still must have had fear conditioned to many various stimuli after moving, he would likely have been desensitized by his natural environments later in life. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 ...
Classical-Conditi..
... he moved away before systematic desensitization could be administered. • It is presumed that, although he still must have had fear conditioned to many various stimuli after moving, he would likely have been desensitized by his natural environments later in life. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 ...
... he moved away before systematic desensitization could be administered. • It is presumed that, although he still must have had fear conditioned to many various stimuli after moving, he would likely have been desensitized by his natural environments later in life. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 ...
LEARNING AND c.®GNITION Classical Conditioning
... between the two will diminish, and extinctionwill occur. If the response does happen to reappear after it has been extinguished, it is called spontaneous recovery. Much of learning is trial and error. When subjects respond to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimuli, it is known as genera ...
... between the two will diminish, and extinctionwill occur. If the response does happen to reappear after it has been extinguished, it is called spontaneous recovery. Much of learning is trial and error. When subjects respond to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimuli, it is known as genera ...
Classical conditioning
Classical conditioning (also known as Pavlovian or respondent conditioning) is a learning process in which an innate response to a potent stimulus comes to be elicited in response to a previously neutral stimulus; this is achieved by repeated pairings of the neutral stimulus with the potent stimulus. The basic facts about classical conditioning were discovered by Ivan Pavlov through his famous experiments with dogs. Together with operant conditioning, classical conditioning became the foundation of Behaviorism, a school of psychology that dominated psychology in the mid-20th century and is still an important influence on the practice of psychological therapy and the study of animal behaviour (ethology). Classical conditioning is now the best understood of the basic learning processes, and its neural substrates are beginning to be understood.