BehaviorPrinciples
... willy-nilly forms associations between any two stimuli that happen to co-occur. Rather, the organism is better seen as an information seeker using logical and perceptual relations among events, along with its own preconceptions, to form a sophisticated representation of its world (Rescorla, 1988) ...
... willy-nilly forms associations between any two stimuli that happen to co-occur. Rather, the organism is better seen as an information seeker using logical and perceptual relations among events, along with its own preconceptions, to form a sophisticated representation of its world (Rescorla, 1988) ...
Midterm 1
... a. the interaction between a species and evolution. *b. the basic communication process of neurons when responding to a stimulus. c. the structures critical for the interaction between our endocrine and nervous system. d. the basic measure of memory in primates. % Correct: 94.64 Comments: 8. A neuro ...
... a. the interaction between a species and evolution. *b. the basic communication process of neurons when responding to a stimulus. c. the structures critical for the interaction between our endocrine and nervous system. d. the basic measure of memory in primates. % Correct: 94.64 Comments: 8. A neuro ...
Behaviorism as a Theory of Personality: A Critical Look
... as Thorndike is also included. As a result of this critical look at behaviorism, its weaknesses as a comprehensive personality theory are revealed. At the same time, its merits when restricted to certain areas of psychology and treatment of disorders are discussed. For as long as human beings can re ...
... as Thorndike is also included. As a result of this critical look at behaviorism, its weaknesses as a comprehensive personality theory are revealed. At the same time, its merits when restricted to certain areas of psychology and treatment of disorders are discussed. For as long as human beings can re ...
File - IISWBM EVE Website
... behahiouristic theory the rat should turn right because of past conditioning. However, it moved in direction of food. Tolman concluded that the rat’s behaviour was purposive. The rat formed a cognitive map to figure out how to get to the food. Tolman concluded that reinforcement is not a pre-conditi ...
... behahiouristic theory the rat should turn right because of past conditioning. However, it moved in direction of food. Tolman concluded that the rat’s behaviour was purposive. The rat formed a cognitive map to figure out how to get to the food. Tolman concluded that reinforcement is not a pre-conditi ...
Techniques FdSc Canine Behaviour and Training Module Code
... occurring due to cessation of reinforcement my reoccur; this is known as spontaneous recovery (Bentosela, et al., 2008). Mammals which do not receive an expected appetitive stimulus may develop raised cortisol (stress hormone) levels through activation of the adrenal glands and be more likely to exh ...
... occurring due to cessation of reinforcement my reoccur; this is known as spontaneous recovery (Bentosela, et al., 2008). Mammals which do not receive an expected appetitive stimulus may develop raised cortisol (stress hormone) levels through activation of the adrenal glands and be more likely to exh ...
Learning Theory - Amanda K. Jones
... of the experiment, the sound of the bell alone caused the dogs to salivate in anticipation of receiving the food.3 Prior to conditioning, the meat powder (an unconditioned stimulus) was used to elicit salivation (an unconditioned response). At the outset of Pavlov’s experiment, the bell was a neutra ...
... of the experiment, the sound of the bell alone caused the dogs to salivate in anticipation of receiving the food.3 Prior to conditioning, the meat powder (an unconditioned stimulus) was used to elicit salivation (an unconditioned response). At the outset of Pavlov’s experiment, the bell was a neutra ...
Classical Conditioning, cont
... – Since Bandura, hundreds of other experimental studies have corroborated the findings. – Meta-analysis shows that greater exposure to violence is related to more aggressive behavior when controlled for social class, intelligence, and other factors. – Other researchers are less concerned because the ...
... – Since Bandura, hundreds of other experimental studies have corroborated the findings. – Meta-analysis shows that greater exposure to violence is related to more aggressive behavior when controlled for social class, intelligence, and other factors. – Other researchers are less concerned because the ...
INFORMATION PROCESSING WITH POPULATION CODES
... In EQN 7, P(s) is important, as it captures any knowledge we may have about s before observing the responses. For instance, in a standard, two-alternative, forced choice task, in which an animal has to distinguish just two values (say s = 0° and s = 180°) each of which is equally likely on a trial, ...
... In EQN 7, P(s) is important, as it captures any knowledge we may have about s before observing the responses. For instance, in a standard, two-alternative, forced choice task, in which an animal has to distinguish just two values (say s = 0° and s = 180°) each of which is equally likely on a trial, ...
Chapter Two Line Title Here and Chapter Title Here and Here
... a. If the receptor is part of a sensory neuron, the graded potentials produced are generator potentials, that can cause the generation of action potentials on the sensory neuron. b. If the receptor is a separate structure from the sensory neuron, the graded potentials produced are receptor potential ...
... a. If the receptor is part of a sensory neuron, the graded potentials produced are generator potentials, that can cause the generation of action potentials on the sensory neuron. b. If the receptor is a separate structure from the sensory neuron, the graded potentials produced are receptor potential ...
effect of emotional state on eyeblink classical conditioning in
... The CS consisted of a 1 kHz tone presented binaurally by the headphones. The intensity of the tone was 77 db measured 1 cm distance from the surface of the headphone. The US consisted of an airpuff to the outer corner of the right eye approximately 1 cm distance laterally from the eye. The intensity ...
... The CS consisted of a 1 kHz tone presented binaurally by the headphones. The intensity of the tone was 77 db measured 1 cm distance from the surface of the headphone. The US consisted of an airpuff to the outer corner of the right eye approximately 1 cm distance laterally from the eye. The intensity ...
Classical/Operant Conditioning
... Variable Interval (VI) – A reinforcer is delivered for the first response after an average time interval has elapsed. The interval is unpredictable. ...
... Variable Interval (VI) – A reinforcer is delivered for the first response after an average time interval has elapsed. The interval is unpredictable. ...
Human frequency-following response: representation of pitch
... the response) were used to construct the average autocorrelation magnitude shown in Fig. 4. We use the term pitch strength to convey the degree of periodicity in the neural activity underlying the FFR and it is used here as a qualitative index of pitch salience. A similar measure of pitch salience h ...
... the response) were used to construct the average autocorrelation magnitude shown in Fig. 4. We use the term pitch strength to convey the degree of periodicity in the neural activity underlying the FFR and it is used here as a qualitative index of pitch salience. A similar measure of pitch salience h ...
C ontribution of the anterior cingulate cortex to laser
... Conditioning paradigms have been used to examine emotional responses to aversive stress in rats [4,32] and rabbits [19]. It has been shown that lesions of the cingulate cortex disrupt active-shock avoidance learning in rats [43,58]. A recent study, using a place-conditioning paradigm, has demonstrat ...
... Conditioning paradigms have been used to examine emotional responses to aversive stress in rats [4,32] and rabbits [19]. It has been shown that lesions of the cingulate cortex disrupt active-shock avoidance learning in rats [43,58]. A recent study, using a place-conditioning paradigm, has demonstrat ...
Saccadic Suppression of Retinotopically Localized Blood Oxygen
... 8 ms (supplemental Fig. 3, available at www.jneurosci.org as supplemenet al., 1995) package SPM2 (http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/software/ tal material). These values were used to calculate stimulus onset asynspm2/) and used by the region of interest toolbox (Brett et al., 2002) MARSchronies (SOAs ...
... 8 ms (supplemental Fig. 3, available at www.jneurosci.org as supplemenet al., 1995) package SPM2 (http://www.fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk/spm/software/ tal material). These values were used to calculate stimulus onset asynspm2/) and used by the region of interest toolbox (Brett et al., 2002) MARSchronies (SOAs ...
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials
... present. Waves III and V should be detectable in all healthy individuals; wave I should also be observed but will only be present ipsilaterally. Wave II is often absent and wave IV is frequently buried and, therefore, indistinguishable from wave V. Wave III often has decreased amplitude on the side ...
... present. Waves III and V should be detectable in all healthy individuals; wave I should also be observed but will only be present ipsilaterally. Wave II is often absent and wave IV is frequently buried and, therefore, indistinguishable from wave V. Wave III often has decreased amplitude on the side ...
Classical Conditioning 5.1 Introduction Classical conditioning
... The Rescorla- Wagner model argues that there is a limit to the amount of conditioning that can occur in the pairing of two stimuli. One determinant of this limit is the nature of the US. For example: pairing a bell with a juicy steak, is more likely to produce salivation than pairing a piece of dry ...
... The Rescorla- Wagner model argues that there is a limit to the amount of conditioning that can occur in the pairing of two stimuli. One determinant of this limit is the nature of the US. For example: pairing a bell with a juicy steak, is more likely to produce salivation than pairing a piece of dry ...
“Black” Responses Dominate Macaque Primary Visual Cortex
... 768; frame rate, 100 Hz; mean luminance, 59 cd/m 2) with the screen viewing distance of ⬃114 cm. The basic attributes of each cell were estimated using small drifting sinusoidal gratings surrounded by gray background (both the gratings and the gray background had a mean luminance of 59 cd/m 2). Visu ...
... 768; frame rate, 100 Hz; mean luminance, 59 cd/m 2) with the screen viewing distance of ⬃114 cm. The basic attributes of each cell were estimated using small drifting sinusoidal gratings surrounded by gray background (both the gratings and the gray background had a mean luminance of 59 cd/m 2). Visu ...
Slide 1
... • Reinforcement - any event or stimulus, that when following a response, increases the probability that the response will occur again. – ** Primary reinforcer - any reinforcer that is naturally reinforcing by meeting a basic biological need, such as hunger, thirst, or touch. – Secondary reinforcer - ...
... • Reinforcement - any event or stimulus, that when following a response, increases the probability that the response will occur again. – ** Primary reinforcer - any reinforcer that is naturally reinforcing by meeting a basic biological need, such as hunger, thirst, or touch. – Secondary reinforcer - ...
Learning Chapter 6 - Mrs. Short`s AP Psychology Class
... • Bobo doll experiment (1961, 63) - experiments conducted by Albert Bandura studying children's behavior after watching an adult model act aggressively towards a Bobo doll – There are different variations – measured the children's behavior after seeing the model get rewarded, punished or experience ...
... • Bobo doll experiment (1961, 63) - experiments conducted by Albert Bandura studying children's behavior after watching an adult model act aggressively towards a Bobo doll – There are different variations – measured the children's behavior after seeing the model get rewarded, punished or experience ...
ReflexArcLabBackgroundNotes
... It was apparently used in the middles ages by women to dilate there pupils This is the source of the word belladonna in Latin and Belle in French ...
... It was apparently used in the middles ages by women to dilate there pupils This is the source of the word belladonna in Latin and Belle in French ...
Cortical mechanisms of sensory learning and object recognition
... leading to the far left curve would be said to ‘prefer’ the profile face view (or cat stimulus), but would also change activity for the adjacent image. (b) Cat and dog morphs taken from Freedman et al. (2003); face views taken from Eifuku et al. (2004). Selectivity can be increased by raising thresh ...
... leading to the far left curve would be said to ‘prefer’ the profile face view (or cat stimulus), but would also change activity for the adjacent image. (b) Cat and dog morphs taken from Freedman et al. (2003); face views taken from Eifuku et al. (2004). Selectivity can be increased by raising thresh ...
Biosensors in forensic sciences
... trick. Because the animal wants to gain that good thing again, it will repeat the behavior that seems to cause that consequence (Bernstein et al., 2008). The second technique of learning which is used in forensic sciences is the classical conditioning, which is synonymous with Pavlovian or responden ...
... trick. Because the animal wants to gain that good thing again, it will repeat the behavior that seems to cause that consequence (Bernstein et al., 2008). The second technique of learning which is used in forensic sciences is the classical conditioning, which is synonymous with Pavlovian or responden ...
Chapter 13 Student Guide
... c. Spatial discrimination allows identification of the site or pattern of stimulation through spatial discrimination. d. Feature abstraction is the mechanism through which we identify complex features of a sensation. e. Quality discrimination involves the ability to differentiate specific qualities ...
... c. Spatial discrimination allows identification of the site or pattern of stimulation through spatial discrimination. d. Feature abstraction is the mechanism through which we identify complex features of a sensation. e. Quality discrimination involves the ability to differentiate specific qualities ...
Learning
... While in classical conditioning we learn to associate two stimuli, in operant conditioning we learn to associate a response and its consequence. Skinner showed that rats and pigeons could be shaped through reinforcement to display successively closer approximations of a desired behavior. Researchers ...
... While in classical conditioning we learn to associate two stimuli, in operant conditioning we learn to associate a response and its consequence. Skinner showed that rats and pigeons could be shaped through reinforcement to display successively closer approximations of a desired behavior. Researchers ...
W5D3H3: Sensory Receptors
... receive stimuli, however, if their afferent fibres are stimulated at any point when approaching the cortex, the mode of perception by the cortex is the same as when the somatic receptor is stimulated directly. This occurs after the amputation of a limb, wherein the remaining fibres transmit to the c ...
... receive stimuli, however, if their afferent fibres are stimulated at any point when approaching the cortex, the mode of perception by the cortex is the same as when the somatic receptor is stimulated directly. This occurs after the amputation of a limb, wherein the remaining fibres transmit to the c ...