Biology
... How do they link up? One Nucleotide links with the next one in the chain by a COVALENT bond between the ribose and the next nucleotides phosphate The opposite side goes in the other direction, linking across the nitrogen base by HYDROGEN bonds ...
... How do they link up? One Nucleotide links with the next one in the chain by a COVALENT bond between the ribose and the next nucleotides phosphate The opposite side goes in the other direction, linking across the nitrogen base by HYDROGEN bonds ...
Biology 12 Daily Notes - Mrs. Kennedy`s Biology 12 Site!
... 1. Semiconservative = replication results in two DNA molecules each with two strands, one original and one new. 2. Sequence of events a) Helix unwinds b) Both strands replicate simultaneously, during ...
... 1. Semiconservative = replication results in two DNA molecules each with two strands, one original and one new. 2. Sequence of events a) Helix unwinds b) Both strands replicate simultaneously, during ...
The Genetics of Bacteria
... from closely related bacterial species. – While E. coli lacks this specialized mechanism, it can be induced to take up small pieces of DNA if cultured in a medium with a relatively high concentration of calcium ions. – In biotechnology, this technique has been used to introduce foreign DNA into E. c ...
... from closely related bacterial species. – While E. coli lacks this specialized mechanism, it can be induced to take up small pieces of DNA if cultured in a medium with a relatively high concentration of calcium ions. – In biotechnology, this technique has been used to introduce foreign DNA into E. c ...
S1 Unit Two CSI Speyside Revision Notes
... When a crime is committed the scientists can collect the DNA and cut it up with enzymes – rather like special scissors – which cut the DNA every time it sees a certain combination of letters, e.g. TATC. Exactly where the enzymes cut the DNA will be slightly different from one person to another. ...
... When a crime is committed the scientists can collect the DNA and cut it up with enzymes – rather like special scissors – which cut the DNA every time it sees a certain combination of letters, e.g. TATC. Exactly where the enzymes cut the DNA will be slightly different from one person to another. ...
Many practical applications of recombinant DNA are
... Recombinant DNA technology engineers microbial cells for producing foreign proteins, and its success solely depends on the precise reading of equivalent genes made with the help of bacterial cell machinery. This process has been responsible for fueling many advances related to modern molecular biolo ...
... Recombinant DNA technology engineers microbial cells for producing foreign proteins, and its success solely depends on the precise reading of equivalent genes made with the help of bacterial cell machinery. This process has been responsible for fueling many advances related to modern molecular biolo ...
Chapter 20: DNA Technology and Genomics
... smaller and smaller overlapping fragments (using YAC or BAC vectors for cloning the large fragments); and (3) DNA sequencing of each small fragment, followed by assembly of the overall sequence. The Celera whole-genome shotgun approach omitted the first two stages. Each chromosome was cut into small ...
... smaller and smaller overlapping fragments (using YAC or BAC vectors for cloning the large fragments); and (3) DNA sequencing of each small fragment, followed by assembly of the overall sequence. The Celera whole-genome shotgun approach omitted the first two stages. Each chromosome was cut into small ...
Topic 12 (Ch9/7) – Microbial Genetics Genetics Chromosome
... Fertility factors Resistance factors Bacteriocin factors Virulence plasmids ...
... Fertility factors Resistance factors Bacteriocin factors Virulence plasmids ...
Introductory Biological Sequence Analysis Through Spreadsheets
... structure of DNA, RNA, and proteins are sequences of letters -- 4 letters in the case of DNA (ATGC) and RNA (AUGC) and 20 letters representing the sequence of amino acids which makes up a protein Secondary and Tertiary structures (bending, folding and twisting) of structures determines function -- ...
... structure of DNA, RNA, and proteins are sequences of letters -- 4 letters in the case of DNA (ATGC) and RNA (AUGC) and 20 letters representing the sequence of amino acids which makes up a protein Secondary and Tertiary structures (bending, folding and twisting) of structures determines function -- ...
PLASMIDS AND RESTRICTION ENZYMES
... can be passed on from one bacterial strain to another in a process called bacterial conjugation, which enables bacteria to share and exchange genetic information. When a plasmid with a gene for antibiotic resistance is taken in by bacteria lacking that plasmid, the bacteria will then become resistan ...
... can be passed on from one bacterial strain to another in a process called bacterial conjugation, which enables bacteria to share and exchange genetic information. When a plasmid with a gene for antibiotic resistance is taken in by bacteria lacking that plasmid, the bacteria will then become resistan ...
DNA Packaging - kyoussef-mci
... repeating sequences can be of any length usually 2 – 6 NTs sequence repeated a different amount of times ...
... repeating sequences can be of any length usually 2 – 6 NTs sequence repeated a different amount of times ...
Unit 2 – Genetics Content Map
... Unit Essential Question: What makes organisms unique? GPS Standard(s): SB2. Students will analyze how biological traits are passed on to successive generations. A. Distinguish between DNA and RNA. B. Explain the role of DNA in storing and transmitting cellular information. C. Using Mendel’s laws, ex ...
... Unit Essential Question: What makes organisms unique? GPS Standard(s): SB2. Students will analyze how biological traits are passed on to successive generations. A. Distinguish between DNA and RNA. B. Explain the role of DNA in storing and transmitting cellular information. C. Using Mendel’s laws, ex ...
Glossary (34,35)
... The unit of hereditary material (DNA) that causes a particular phenotype (generally assumed to be caused by a protein) ...
... The unit of hereditary material (DNA) that causes a particular phenotype (generally assumed to be caused by a protein) ...
Topic 6. Growth & Reproduction of Bacteria
... transformation in natural populations E. coli is used in biotechnology applications of genetic recombination (genetic engineering) Cells are cultured in high CaCl2 to become “competent” Cells are then transformed with human genes that code for proteins such as insulin or growth hormone that ar ...
... transformation in natural populations E. coli is used in biotechnology applications of genetic recombination (genetic engineering) Cells are cultured in high CaCl2 to become “competent” Cells are then transformed with human genes that code for proteins such as insulin or growth hormone that ar ...
Chapter 15 – Recombinant DNA and Genetic Engineering
... • Gene Therapy: transfer of one or more modified genes into an individual’s cells – Correct genetic defect – Boost immune system • Recombinant DNA Technology: science of cutting and recombining DNA from different species – Genes are then placed into bacterial, yeast or mammalian cells and replicated ...
... • Gene Therapy: transfer of one or more modified genes into an individual’s cells – Correct genetic defect – Boost immune system • Recombinant DNA Technology: science of cutting and recombining DNA from different species – Genes are then placed into bacterial, yeast or mammalian cells and replicated ...
Gene Cloning and Karyotyping
... • Restriction enzymes cut covalent phosphodiester bonds of both strands, often in a staggered way creating single-stranded ends, sticky ends. – These extensions will form hydrogen-bonded base pairs with complementary single-stranded stretches on other DNA molecules cut with the same restriction enzy ...
... • Restriction enzymes cut covalent phosphodiester bonds of both strands, often in a staggered way creating single-stranded ends, sticky ends. – These extensions will form hydrogen-bonded base pairs with complementary single-stranded stretches on other DNA molecules cut with the same restriction enzy ...
1 Name: Date: Block: _____ PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: MAKING
... During DNA replication, mistakes can be made when DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides. If this mutation or mistake happens very early on in a baby’s development, the mutation can affect the entire baby. The rest of the cells will have that same mutation. Remember, we all start off as ...
... During DNA replication, mistakes can be made when DNA polymerase adds complementary nucleotides. If this mutation or mistake happens very early on in a baby’s development, the mutation can affect the entire baby. The rest of the cells will have that same mutation. Remember, we all start off as ...
Big Idea #3
... Control elements include TATA boxes and CAAT boxes; which are regions of DNA near the promotor site. Proteins can bind to these sites and either block or increase gene activity. Poly A tail and a 5’cap are added to an RNA message before it leaves the nucleus. Sometimes, these end caps can be rem ...
... Control elements include TATA boxes and CAAT boxes; which are regions of DNA near the promotor site. Proteins can bind to these sites and either block or increase gene activity. Poly A tail and a 5’cap are added to an RNA message before it leaves the nucleus. Sometimes, these end caps can be rem ...
The Blueprint of Life, From DNA to Protein
... double helixes, each with one parental strand (blue) and one new strand (pink). ...
... double helixes, each with one parental strand (blue) and one new strand (pink). ...
Transduction
... • “Naked” DNA taken up from solution – Bacteria must be “competent” • E. coli treated with high [Ca2] for example – DNA binds to receptor sites on surface – DNA brought into cell by active transport process ...
... • “Naked” DNA taken up from solution – Bacteria must be “competent” • E. coli treated with high [Ca2] for example – DNA binds to receptor sites on surface – DNA brought into cell by active transport process ...
DNA
... Supply of the four nucleotides DNA polymerase (enzyme involved in DNA replication) Primers ...
... Supply of the four nucleotides DNA polymerase (enzyme involved in DNA replication) Primers ...
Cre-Lox recombination
In the field of genetics, Cre-Lox recombination is known as a site-specific recombinase technology, and is widely used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites in the DNA of cells. It allows the DNA modification to be targeted to a specific cell type or be triggered by a specific external stimulus. It is implemented both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems.The system consists of a single enzyme, Cre recombinase, that recombines a pair of short target sequences called the Lox sequences. This system can be implemented without inserting any extra supporting proteins or sequences. The Cre enzyme and the original Lox site called the LoxP sequence are derived from bacteriophage P1.Placing Lox sequences appropriately allows genes to be activated, repressed, or exchanged for other genes. At a DNA level many types of manipulations can be carried out. The activity of the Cre enzyme can be controlled so that it is expressed in a particular cell type or triggered by an external stimulus like a chemical signal or a heat shock. These targeted DNA changes are useful in cell lineage tracing and when mutants are lethal if expressed globally.The Cre-Lox system is very similar in action and in usage to the FLP-FRT recombination system.