Body Systems
... 61. A cross involving two pairs of contrasting traits (ex: RrWw x RRWW): Dihybrid 62. A cross involving an unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual: ...
... 61. A cross involving two pairs of contrasting traits (ex: RrWw x RRWW): Dihybrid 62. A cross involving an unknown genotype with a homozygous recessive individual: ...
Molecular genetics of bacteria
... and are regulated as a unit. Genes are usually for enzymes that function together in the same pathway. • At the upstream end are sections of DNA that do not code, but rather are binding sites for proteins involved in regulation (turning genes on and off). • The Promoter is the site on DNA recognized ...
... and are regulated as a unit. Genes are usually for enzymes that function together in the same pathway. • At the upstream end are sections of DNA that do not code, but rather are binding sites for proteins involved in regulation (turning genes on and off). • The Promoter is the site on DNA recognized ...
Section 3 - DNA Sequencing
... cells of the organism. • ESTs are produced by purifying mRNA from cells and then using an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to convert these to copy DNA (cDNA). The DNA is then cloned in bacteria and sequenced. • The sequence obtained is usually only short (c. 700 base pairs) and may not be very a ...
... cells of the organism. • ESTs are produced by purifying mRNA from cells and then using an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to convert these to copy DNA (cDNA). The DNA is then cloned in bacteria and sequenced. • The sequence obtained is usually only short (c. 700 base pairs) and may not be very a ...
Document
... 3. In each of us a huge B-cell repertoire is generated consisting of B-cell clones with different H- and L-chain variable domains 4. This potential B-cell repertoire is able to recognize a wide array of antigens ...
... 3. In each of us a huge B-cell repertoire is generated consisting of B-cell clones with different H- and L-chain variable domains 4. This potential B-cell repertoire is able to recognize a wide array of antigens ...
human biochemistry - churchillcollegebiblio
... The information is in a coded form which is decoded during translation. The base sequence of mRNA is translated into the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide. Three bases (codon) code for one amino acid and this is why the genetic code is called a triplet code. It is possible for two or three codons ...
... The information is in a coded form which is decoded during translation. The base sequence of mRNA is translated into the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide. Three bases (codon) code for one amino acid and this is why the genetic code is called a triplet code. It is possible for two or three codons ...
Chapter 2
... Recessive mutations are due to loss-of-function by the protein product. Dominant mutations result from a gain-of-function. Testing whether a gene is essential requires a null mutation (one that completely eliminates its function). Silent mutations have no effect, either because: o the base change do ...
... Recessive mutations are due to loss-of-function by the protein product. Dominant mutations result from a gain-of-function. Testing whether a gene is essential requires a null mutation (one that completely eliminates its function). Silent mutations have no effect, either because: o the base change do ...
Dna, Protein Synthesis, and gene expression
... Also called ______________ 500-4500 bases; depending on size of gene Every three bases are called a ___________ 75-80 bases that bind in cloverleaf shape One end bonds to a specific amino acid One end has a three base code called the _________ ...
... Also called ______________ 500-4500 bases; depending on size of gene Every three bases are called a ___________ 75-80 bases that bind in cloverleaf shape One end bonds to a specific amino acid One end has a three base code called the _________ ...
Genetics - true or false
... While there are a few traits that are due to a single gene (for example, dimples and cleft chin), most traits are complex and are the result of the interactions between the protein products of several genes. All humans have almost exactly the same genes, in the same order, along our chromosomes. Our ...
... While there are a few traits that are due to a single gene (for example, dimples and cleft chin), most traits are complex and are the result of the interactions between the protein products of several genes. All humans have almost exactly the same genes, in the same order, along our chromosomes. Our ...
The Central Dogma – Protein Synthesis
... DNA and the Genetic Code • 23 pairs of DNA molecules (46 total) are located in the nucleus of all cells except sperm and oocytes – 23 molecules are inherited from each parent • Recall that DNA is a double stranded molecule of nucleotides that are held together by hydrogen bonds between complimentar ...
... DNA and the Genetic Code • 23 pairs of DNA molecules (46 total) are located in the nucleus of all cells except sperm and oocytes – 23 molecules are inherited from each parent • Recall that DNA is a double stranded molecule of nucleotides that are held together by hydrogen bonds between complimentar ...
The Nature of Bacteria
... 1. Donor DNA must possess reasonably large regions of nucleotide sequence identity or similarity to segments of the host chromosome 2. Recipient cell must possess the genetic ability to make a set of enzymes that can bring about the covalent substitution of a segment of the donor DNA 3. A protein kn ...
... 1. Donor DNA must possess reasonably large regions of nucleotide sequence identity or similarity to segments of the host chromosome 2. Recipient cell must possess the genetic ability to make a set of enzymes that can bring about the covalent substitution of a segment of the donor DNA 3. A protein kn ...
The Central Dogma – Protein Synthesis
... DNA and the Genetic Code • 23 pairs of DNA molecules (46 total) are located in the nucleus of all cells except sperm and oocytes – 23 molecules are inherited from each parent • Recall that DNA is a double stranded molecule of nucleotides that are held together by hydrogen bonds between complimentar ...
... DNA and the Genetic Code • 23 pairs of DNA molecules (46 total) are located in the nucleus of all cells except sperm and oocytes – 23 molecules are inherited from each parent • Recall that DNA is a double stranded molecule of nucleotides that are held together by hydrogen bonds between complimentar ...
Replication The Cell Cycle Cell Cycle Cartoon Replication Occurs
... Direction of Synthesis • Since nucleotides charged with phosphates on their 5’ end, 5’dNTP’s are substrates for polymerases • Since 3’-5’ exo leaves 3’OH product on primer, 5’dNTP may be added to proofread • Therefore, the requirement for a 5’→3’ direction is necessary for proofreading. ...
... Direction of Synthesis • Since nucleotides charged with phosphates on their 5’ end, 5’dNTP’s are substrates for polymerases • Since 3’-5’ exo leaves 3’OH product on primer, 5’dNTP may be added to proofread • Therefore, the requirement for a 5’→3’ direction is necessary for proofreading. ...
Chapter 12: Biotechnology 1. Recombinant DNA What is
... Bacteria can acquire DNA from an outside source by a process known as transformation • chemical treatment of bacterial cells followed by a brief heat treatment can induce the cells to internalize & retain the DNA ...
... Bacteria can acquire DNA from an outside source by a process known as transformation • chemical treatment of bacterial cells followed by a brief heat treatment can induce the cells to internalize & retain the DNA ...
Name
... Estimate the length of the DNA strands in your sample. Write the three numbers below, starting with the longest strand. ...
... Estimate the length of the DNA strands in your sample. Write the three numbers below, starting with the longest strand. ...
Keystone Countdown
... 1. What is the monomer of nucleic acids? The polymer? 2. What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA? 3.What is the difference between a purine and pyrimidine? 4. Which bases are purines? Pyrimidines? 5. What are the base-pairing rules for DNA? 6. What type of bond holds the bases together? The ...
... 1. What is the monomer of nucleic acids? The polymer? 2. What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA? 3.What is the difference between a purine and pyrimidine? 4. Which bases are purines? Pyrimidines? 5. What are the base-pairing rules for DNA? 6. What type of bond holds the bases together? The ...
Cell Cycle Notes
... I. Chromosomes: thread-like structures of DNA and histones (protein) forming a unit called a nucleosome A. Chromatid: 2 sister chromatids make up a chromosome B. Centromere: attaches 2 chromatids C. Chromatin: unraveled DNA D. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes = 46 total (diploid/2n) II. The Cell ...
... I. Chromosomes: thread-like structures of DNA and histones (protein) forming a unit called a nucleosome A. Chromatid: 2 sister chromatids make up a chromosome B. Centromere: attaches 2 chromatids C. Chromatin: unraveled DNA D. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes = 46 total (diploid/2n) II. The Cell ...
Cre-Lox recombination
In the field of genetics, Cre-Lox recombination is known as a site-specific recombinase technology, and is widely used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites in the DNA of cells. It allows the DNA modification to be targeted to a specific cell type or be triggered by a specific external stimulus. It is implemented both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems.The system consists of a single enzyme, Cre recombinase, that recombines a pair of short target sequences called the Lox sequences. This system can be implemented without inserting any extra supporting proteins or sequences. The Cre enzyme and the original Lox site called the LoxP sequence are derived from bacteriophage P1.Placing Lox sequences appropriately allows genes to be activated, repressed, or exchanged for other genes. At a DNA level many types of manipulations can be carried out. The activity of the Cre enzyme can be controlled so that it is expressed in a particular cell type or triggered by an external stimulus like a chemical signal or a heat shock. These targeted DNA changes are useful in cell lineage tracing and when mutants are lethal if expressed globally.The Cre-Lox system is very similar in action and in usage to the FLP-FRT recombination system.