REPORTING CATEGORY 1: CELL STRUCTURE AND
... b. Y-linked traits only show up in male offspring (because females don’t have Y chromosomes). c. X-linked traits are twice as likely to show up in male offspring as in female offspring. This is because females have two X chromosomes, and X-linked recessive traits would be masked by the other dominan ...
... b. Y-linked traits only show up in male offspring (because females don’t have Y chromosomes). c. X-linked traits are twice as likely to show up in male offspring as in female offspring. This is because females have two X chromosomes, and X-linked recessive traits would be masked by the other dominan ...
3.1 Class Notes Powerpoint
... protein that is used within a cell. Proteins are made up of hundreds of amino acids in a specific sequence. When they get “out of order’ a mutation occurs. ...
... protein that is used within a cell. Proteins are made up of hundreds of amino acids in a specific sequence. When they get “out of order’ a mutation occurs. ...
Bacterial culture Microbiological cultures can be grown in petri
... medium to be able to screen for harmful microorganisms, such as Streptococcus pyogenes, the causative agent of strep throat.[1] Furthermore, the term culture is more generally used informally to refer to "selectively growing" a specific kind of microorganism in the lab. Microbial cultures are founda ...
... medium to be able to screen for harmful microorganisms, such as Streptococcus pyogenes, the causative agent of strep throat.[1] Furthermore, the term culture is more generally used informally to refer to "selectively growing" a specific kind of microorganism in the lab. Microbial cultures are founda ...
Ch10_GeneExpression
... • Transcription moves coded information from DNA to the ribosome by creating an mRNA copy of a gene. • In translation, a ribosome “reads” the mRNA code and uses the information to assemble a chain of amino acids to make a protein. ...
... • Transcription moves coded information from DNA to the ribosome by creating an mRNA copy of a gene. • In translation, a ribosome “reads” the mRNA code and uses the information to assemble a chain of amino acids to make a protein. ...
Bacteria - Rochester Community Schools
... • Immunoevasion, evasion of the host's immune response • Immunosuppression, inhibition of the host's immune response ...
... • Immunoevasion, evasion of the host's immune response • Immunosuppression, inhibition of the host's immune response ...
Genetic Engineering
... Before phenomenally new advances can be made, scientists have to learn how to affect cells' DNA with pin-point accuracy, without affecting other traits. Advances like genetic correction for nearsightedness are a long way off. The power of science is limited to knowledge about genetics, gene location ...
... Before phenomenally new advances can be made, scientists have to learn how to affect cells' DNA with pin-point accuracy, without affecting other traits. Advances like genetic correction for nearsightedness are a long way off. The power of science is limited to knowledge about genetics, gene location ...
Proteins
... Sugar –phosphate backbone The backbone • Adjacent nucleotides are connected by phosphodiester linkages between the OH group on the sugar and phosphate group of the next nucleotide ...
... Sugar –phosphate backbone The backbone • Adjacent nucleotides are connected by phosphodiester linkages between the OH group on the sugar and phosphate group of the next nucleotide ...
CHAPTER 8 Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology
... e. A comnon yeast reporter gene is E. coli lacZ (β-galactosidase) inserted into the chromosome under control of UASG. β-galactosidase causes blue colonies when there is X-gal in the medium. f. The reporter lacZ gene will only be expressed when the unknown protein, fused with AD interacts with the kn ...
... e. A comnon yeast reporter gene is E. coli lacZ (β-galactosidase) inserted into the chromosome under control of UASG. β-galactosidase causes blue colonies when there is X-gal in the medium. f. The reporter lacZ gene will only be expressed when the unknown protein, fused with AD interacts with the kn ...
Table of Contents - Milan Area Schools
... • HIV and certain tumor viruses (called retroviruses) have RNA as their infectious information molecule; they convert it to a DNA copy inside the host cell and then use it to make more RNA. ...
... • HIV and certain tumor viruses (called retroviruses) have RNA as their infectious information molecule; they convert it to a DNA copy inside the host cell and then use it to make more RNA. ...
Evolution beyond neo-Darwinism: a new conceptual framework
... entities that are necessarily the cause) and geneM (whose causation is open to experimentation) is central and I will use it several times in this article. The difference is in fact large as most changes in DNA do not necessarily cause a change in phenotype. Organisms are very good at buffering them ...
... entities that are necessarily the cause) and geneM (whose causation is open to experimentation) is central and I will use it several times in this article. The difference is in fact large as most changes in DNA do not necessarily cause a change in phenotype. Organisms are very good at buffering them ...
Jan 19
... Sanger (di-deoxy chain termination) 1) anneal primer to template 2) elongate with DNA polymerase 3) cause chain termination with di-deoxy nucleotides will be incorporated but cannot be elongated 4 separate reactions: A, C, G, T ...
... Sanger (di-deoxy chain termination) 1) anneal primer to template 2) elongate with DNA polymerase 3) cause chain termination with di-deoxy nucleotides will be incorporated but cannot be elongated 4 separate reactions: A, C, G, T ...
DNA - Images
... specific enzymes. When the cut is made, the sections are separated by their size, using electrophoresis. (See pp. 135-136, Figure 13-9, p. 373) Can give results that are relatively unique Can not use degraded DNA Used in the impeachment trial of President Bill Clinton to identify the semen sta ...
... specific enzymes. When the cut is made, the sections are separated by their size, using electrophoresis. (See pp. 135-136, Figure 13-9, p. 373) Can give results that are relatively unique Can not use degraded DNA Used in the impeachment trial of President Bill Clinton to identify the semen sta ...
gene technology extra qs with mark scheme
... One aim of cancer therapy is to find a magic bullet that seeks out and kills tumour cells but leaves normal cells unharmed. For this to work, the bullet needs to be able to recognise a difference between the two types of cell. ...
... One aim of cancer therapy is to find a magic bullet that seeks out and kills tumour cells but leaves normal cells unharmed. For this to work, the bullet needs to be able to recognise a difference between the two types of cell. ...
Fall06MicrobGenetExamI
... A.) For one control, they grew one culture of E.coli in media containing heavy isotopes of nitrogen (14N) and carbon (13C) to label the DNA during growth. B.) For another control, they grew another culture of E.coli in normal media. C.) For their experimental analysis, they grew a third culture in t ...
... A.) For one control, they grew one culture of E.coli in media containing heavy isotopes of nitrogen (14N) and carbon (13C) to label the DNA during growth. B.) For another control, they grew another culture of E.coli in normal media. C.) For their experimental analysis, they grew a third culture in t ...
DNA Extraction, PCR Amplification and Sequencing: the IGS
... Serum Albumin (BSA) was used in each reaction. PCR reactions were amplified in a BioRad iCycler with the following parameters: 5 minutes at 95˚C, followed by 35 cycles of one minute at 95˚C, one minute 50˚C, and two minutes at 72˚C, and a final elongation of 7 minutes at 72˚C. All PCR products were ...
... Serum Albumin (BSA) was used in each reaction. PCR reactions were amplified in a BioRad iCycler with the following parameters: 5 minutes at 95˚C, followed by 35 cycles of one minute at 95˚C, one minute 50˚C, and two minutes at 72˚C, and a final elongation of 7 minutes at 72˚C. All PCR products were ...
Genes and causation
... compartments, is also inherited. Much of this is not coded for by DNA sequences since they code only for RNA and proteins. Lipids certainly are not so coded. But they are absolutely essential to all the cell architecture. The nature of the lipids also determines how proteins behave. There is intrica ...
... compartments, is also inherited. Much of this is not coded for by DNA sequences since they code only for RNA and proteins. Lipids certainly are not so coded. But they are absolutely essential to all the cell architecture. The nature of the lipids also determines how proteins behave. There is intrica ...
Protein Synthesis (B7)
... – tRNA anticodon (with specific aa) matches up with the mRNA codon – Each tRNA leaves to find another aa as mRNA over one codon & another tRNA brings the next aa ...
... – tRNA anticodon (with specific aa) matches up with the mRNA codon – Each tRNA leaves to find another aa as mRNA over one codon & another tRNA brings the next aa ...
Genome Wide Sequencing
... How much DNA is needed and what are the requirements? gDNA isolated by most standard techniques is acceptable but should be RNase treated and purified and have a concentration of 100ng/ul. Standard column techniques work well. A 260/280 of >1.7 is recommended and quantitation should be done on a Nan ...
... How much DNA is needed and what are the requirements? gDNA isolated by most standard techniques is acceptable but should be RNase treated and purified and have a concentration of 100ng/ul. Standard column techniques work well. A 260/280 of >1.7 is recommended and quantitation should be done on a Nan ...
The genome sequence is a jazz score
... the jazz metaphor still too reductionist? Be it or not, focusing only on the score/genome sequence may be an error. In The Misunderstood Gene,11 Michel Morange argues that proteins, not DNA, are the category of molecules essential to life. And that there is far more richness and meaning in the struc ...
... the jazz metaphor still too reductionist? Be it or not, focusing only on the score/genome sequence may be an error. In The Misunderstood Gene,11 Michel Morange argues that proteins, not DNA, are the category of molecules essential to life. And that there is far more richness and meaning in the struc ...
File - Wk 1-2
... Point mutations are caused by: Malfunction during the replication of DNA causing the wrong base to be inserted into a polynucleotide chain during DNA synthesis Chemical modification of DNA – directly changes one base pair into a different base Some point mutations have no effect as the substitut ...
... Point mutations are caused by: Malfunction during the replication of DNA causing the wrong base to be inserted into a polynucleotide chain during DNA synthesis Chemical modification of DNA – directly changes one base pair into a different base Some point mutations have no effect as the substitut ...
Transcription & translation
... Before mRNA can leave the nucleus, it must be modified • Not all of the DNA is expressed at once. • Usually only one gene or a few genes at a time • Exons are the part of the mRNA transcript that are EXPRESSED • Introns are the INERT ...
... Before mRNA can leave the nucleus, it must be modified • Not all of the DNA is expressed at once. • Usually only one gene or a few genes at a time • Exons are the part of the mRNA transcript that are EXPRESSED • Introns are the INERT ...
File - Intermediate School Biology
... Dolly, the most famous sheep in the world, was cloned in the Roslin Institute in Scotland in 1996. When this was announced in February 1997 it caused a sensation, because until then many scientists thought that such cloning was impossible. Such cloning is the production of one or more animals that a ...
... Dolly, the most famous sheep in the world, was cloned in the Roslin Institute in Scotland in 1996. When this was announced in February 1997 it caused a sensation, because until then many scientists thought that such cloning was impossible. Such cloning is the production of one or more animals that a ...
Cre-Lox recombination
In the field of genetics, Cre-Lox recombination is known as a site-specific recombinase technology, and is widely used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites in the DNA of cells. It allows the DNA modification to be targeted to a specific cell type or be triggered by a specific external stimulus. It is implemented both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems.The system consists of a single enzyme, Cre recombinase, that recombines a pair of short target sequences called the Lox sequences. This system can be implemented without inserting any extra supporting proteins or sequences. The Cre enzyme and the original Lox site called the LoxP sequence are derived from bacteriophage P1.Placing Lox sequences appropriately allows genes to be activated, repressed, or exchanged for other genes. At a DNA level many types of manipulations can be carried out. The activity of the Cre enzyme can be controlled so that it is expressed in a particular cell type or triggered by an external stimulus like a chemical signal or a heat shock. These targeted DNA changes are useful in cell lineage tracing and when mutants are lethal if expressed globally.The Cre-Lox system is very similar in action and in usage to the FLP-FRT recombination system.