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Mysterious Monster Lab
Mysterious Monster Lab

... the order in which amino acids are joined together to form a polypeptide. The code words in mRNA, however are not directly recognized by the corresponding amino acids. Another type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) is needed to bring the mRNA and amino acids together. As the code carried by the mRNA ...
Huntingtin grabs a hammer: DNA repair in HD
Huntingtin grabs a hammer: DNA repair in HD

... Truant’s team, helmed by postdoctoral researcher Tam Maiuri, used an innovative method to pursue their hypothesis, using molecules called “chromobodies.” These can attach to specific protein targets and emit fluorescent light, illuminating working proteins that can be tracked under a microscope. In ...
NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA SAMITI SAMPAL QUESTION PAPER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA SAMITI SAMPAL QUESTION PAPER ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

... (b) Take up any one such factor and explain how the gene pool will change due to that factor. (c) Name two factors, which affect the genetic equilibrium of the population. 20. (a) By which method DNA separates out and removes from test tube. (b) Name the technique by which the fragment of DNA separa ...
Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, KNU
Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, KNU

... gene replaced by an engineered sequence or a sequence from another organism. Knockout Mouse: A transgenic mouse in which the normal gene is missing or engineered so that ...
Bacteria/Virus review
Bacteria/Virus review

... process is called and what happens. Binary Fission: Asexual, Conjugation: Sexual 15. List the different phylums of bacteria and give an example of each. 16. What are the 2 kingdoms in bacteria? Archeabacteria, Eubacteria 17. Why did they split Monera into 2 kingdoms? Different characteristics: missi ...
Making LB Plates 10g Bacto Tryptone 5g Yeast Extract 10g NaCl 7.5
Making LB Plates 10g Bacto Tryptone 5g Yeast Extract 10g NaCl 7.5

... After preparing, incubate for one hour in 37 degree using floating boat. Then heat kill for 20 min in 80 degrees? Then add phosphatase (4µL to 1P) then incubate at 37 for 30 min then heat kill After finishing, save DNA in -20 for gel extraction another day. Gel extraction happens after running the D ...
Biology 101 chpter 2
Biology 101 chpter 2

... The process of pairing throughout the length of the homologous chromosomes and exchanging genetic fragments is called crossing-over 2. Reduction Division Since DNA only replicates once, before meiosis I, the two divisions result in halving the chromosome number in the daughter cells (gametes) which ...
Exceptionally high levels of recombination
Exceptionally high levels of recombination

... Scientifique, F91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; 5Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, North Carolina 27403, USA; 6Department of Biology, University of Oulu 90014, Finland; 7Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; 8School of Life Sc ...
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

... a stable double helix. RNA exists as a single-stranded molecule. However, regions of double helix can form where there is some base pair complementation (U and A , G and C), resulting in hairpin loops. The RNA molecule with its hairpin loops is said to have a secondary structure. 4. Because the RNA ...
Section C: The Control of Gene Expression
Section C: The Control of Gene Expression

... • Genes are usually more heavily methylated in cells where they are not expressed. • Demethylating certain inactive genes turns them on. • However, there are exceptions to this pattern. Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
A Variant within the DNA Repair Gene XRCC3 Is
A Variant within the DNA Repair Gene XRCC3 Is

... the maintenance of genome integrity, or genes indirectly involved in the repair of DNA damage through the regulation of the cell cycle, are critical for protecting against the mutations that lead to cancer (4, 5). Inter-individual variation in DNA repair capacity has been shown through the use of ly ...
Polymerase chain reaction and its applications
Polymerase chain reaction and its applications

... heated to 951C again which denatures the newly synthesized molecules. In the second annealing step, the primer can bind to the newly synthesized strand, and during polymerization can only copy until it reaches the end of the f|rst primer. Thus at the end of Cycle 2, some newly synthesized molecules ...
Tiger beetles - Discover the Microbes Within!
Tiger beetles - Discover the Microbes Within!

AP Biology - John D. O`Bryant School of Math & Science
AP Biology - John D. O`Bryant School of Math & Science

... C) folds stabilized by hydrogen bonds between segments of the polypeptide backbone. D) membrane sheets composed of phospholipids E) hydrogen bonds between adjacent cellulose ...
Chapter 15 - Wesleyan College Faculty
Chapter 15 - Wesleyan College Faculty

... Independent assortment, crossing over (and how and where crossing over occurs) and random fertilization – what they are, how they are significant Chapter 14 Gregor Mendel Character, trait, true breeding, P1, F1, F2 generations, alleles, dominant, recessive, heterozygote, homozygote, segregation, hyb ...
BRED: Bacteriophage Recombineering with
BRED: Bacteriophage Recombineering with

... mycobacteriophages that we have termed BRED: Bacteriophage recombineering with electroporated DNA. This method utilizes recombineering-proficient strains of Mycobacterium smegmatis that have elevated recombination frequencies due to the expression of phage-derived proteins. It is described in furthe ...
The Recombinant DNA Controversy: A Contemporary
The Recombinant DNA Controversy: A Contemporary

... Why, then, is recombinant DNA technology so terrific or terrifYing, depending on your perspective? First, it is important to appreciate that processes very similar to those I have just described occur naturally. There are plasmids that can insert themselves into the bacterial chromosome and come out ...
Basic Overview of Bioinformatics Tools and Biocomputing
Basic Overview of Bioinformatics Tools and Biocomputing

... comparison of the two input sequences • Local Alignment looks for local stretches of similarity and tries to align the most similar segments • Algorithms used may be similar, but output different, statistics needed to assess results ...
Biol 311 - Department of Biological Sciences
Biol 311 - Department of Biological Sciences

...  How is the F factor transferred from one bacterial cell to another.  How are Hfr strains generated in bacteria.  How can interrupted mating be used to map genes on a bacterial chromosome.  Even though meiosis does not occur in prokaryotes, how can principles similar to eukaryotic gene mapping b ...
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Article The Landscape of Realized Homologous

... (Perez-Losada et al. 2006; Vos 2009), ranging from clonal species (Smith et al. 2006) to those that exchange 10% or more of their DNA within a single 4-year human infection (Cao et al. 2014). This variation presents specific challenges for effective comparison between species. We recently developed ...
SECTION8PRACTICALANDDATASKILLS ms
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... Probe binds to dominant / healthy allele so only one copy of exon in their DNA / have one copy of gene without exon / base sequence for probe to bind to; 3. Accept normal and gene 3. Accept have a deletion mutation ...
Serology
Serology

... history was made when the kitchen porter became the 1st accused murderer to be cleared as a result of DNA fingerprinting. • Like fingerprints, DNA can be used to make a positive identification. Unlike prints, DNA is inherited, so a small segment of the DNA chain will be identical in all blood relati ...
Southern Blot Analysis of Plasmids pRIT4501 and - RIT
Southern Blot Analysis of Plasmids pRIT4501 and - RIT

... It is often desirable to screen nucleic acids to determine whether or not they carry specific sequences. Typically, this is done by making the nucleic acid in question single-stranded, fixing it to a solid support, and challenging it with a small, labeled, single-stranded DNA (probe) under condition ...
Genetics Concept Inventory
Genetics Concept Inventory

... 3) think that cells contain only the genetic material they need to carry out their functions or that only gametes contain chromosomes, and 4) are unclear on the concept of an allele, 5) state that a gene is a trait or that DNA produces proteins. However, one study has been published on college stude ...
Vectors: The carriers of DNA molecules DNA vectors and their
Vectors: The carriers of DNA molecules DNA vectors and their

... In the phage DNA, larger central region is not essential for phage growth and replication. This region of phage can be deleted or replaced without seriously impairing the phage growth cycle. Using this non-essential region of phage ë, several phage vector derivatives have been constructed for effici ...
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Cre-Lox recombination



In the field of genetics, Cre-Lox recombination is known as a site-specific recombinase technology, and is widely used to carry out deletions, insertions, translocations and inversions at specific sites in the DNA of cells. It allows the DNA modification to be targeted to a specific cell type or be triggered by a specific external stimulus. It is implemented both in eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems.The system consists of a single enzyme, Cre recombinase, that recombines a pair of short target sequences called the Lox sequences. This system can be implemented without inserting any extra supporting proteins or sequences. The Cre enzyme and the original Lox site called the LoxP sequence are derived from bacteriophage P1.Placing Lox sequences appropriately allows genes to be activated, repressed, or exchanged for other genes. At a DNA level many types of manipulations can be carried out. The activity of the Cre enzyme can be controlled so that it is expressed in a particular cell type or triggered by an external stimulus like a chemical signal or a heat shock. These targeted DNA changes are useful in cell lineage tracing and when mutants are lethal if expressed globally.The Cre-Lox system is very similar in action and in usage to the FLP-FRT recombination system.
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