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...  Long-Term Mucosal Changes or Permanent Damage.  Primarily due to microbial infection.  More frequent in developing countries. ...
OB/gyn Week 4a Gynecologic Infxns
OB/gyn Week 4a Gynecologic Infxns

... • Usually solitary, red, round ulcer with firm, wellformed, raised edges, yellow-grey exudate • Heals spontaneously within 2-6 weeks • May be asymptomatic ...
Cutaneous Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus: a
Cutaneous Manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus: a

... et al. [27]. Most of the patients (84 %) had advanced immunosuppression. Sulfonamides were the most commonly implicated drug (38.4 %) closely followed by nevirapine (19.8 %) in a study of patients with SJS/TEN by Saka et al. [28]. More than half (54.8 %) of the patients were HIV-positive. There was ...
Artificial Lighting as a Vector Attractant and Cause of Disease Diffusion
Artificial Lighting as a Vector Attractant and Cause of Disease Diffusion

... the effects have even been ignored. In fact, ignoring the effects of such light sources is long-standing: In the beginning of the 20th century when electrification started to diffuse in rural areas, epidemiologists did not consider its possible effects. For example, during the construction of the Pa ...
Background rapidly sequestered by the follicular dendritic
Background rapidly sequestered by the follicular dendritic

... after exposure or vaccination, and often remain elevated after successful treatment. Traditionally, dogs are only tested after clinical signs are evident. The lack of early clinical signs, such as erythema migrans, in infected dogs places greater importance on the laboratory method used when diagnos ...
SLE - ACR criteria 1982
SLE - ACR criteria 1982

... • Occurs over hours to days • Usually associated with oliguria. Some patients develop non-oliguric ARF eg. After radiocontrast media • Acute-on chronic renal failure ...
Leptospirosis: A Rare Cause of Multiorgan Failure
Leptospirosis: A Rare Cause of Multiorgan Failure

... positive for blood on dipstick but no erythrocytes are seen on microscopy. The creatine phosphokinase is 25,807 ng/mL (0 to 165 reference range). Hospital Admission and Clinical Course The patient is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of hepatorenal syndrome. He is empirically started on a ...
Diagnosis and Treatment of latent Tuberculosis Infection
Diagnosis and Treatment of latent Tuberculosis Infection

5141.5R - Communicable Conditions
5141.5R - Communicable Conditions

... alternative placement by the administration after consultation with some or all of the following: the student’s physician, parents, and/or their representative, school nurse and medical advisor(s). 5. A student is at high risk if he/she: exhibits behaviors that may spread disease (e.g., biting, lack ...
Too sick for school?
Too sick for school?

... Generally if your child feels unwell, keep them home from school and consult your doctor. This chart and the information it contains is not intended to take the place of a consultation with your doctor. ...
Upper respiratory tract infection, heterologous immunisation and
Upper respiratory tract infection, heterologous immunisation and

... were suffering more often from a predisposing disease and had used antibiotics prior to hospital admission slightly more often than the household contacts. During the 4 weeks prior to admission of the patient to hospital, an upper respiratory tract infection had been present in 134 of the patients ( ...
Vectorborne diseases in West Africa: geographic
Vectorborne diseases in West Africa: geographic

... countries in the region, although the mosquito vectors are present throughout West Africa (Figure 6). Yellow fever (YF) is an acute viral haemorrhagic disease transmitted in West Africa by infected Aedes spp. mosquitoes. Up to 50% of severely affected persons who do not receive treatment die from YF ...
Pyrexia of Unknown Origin
Pyrexia of Unknown Origin

... Temporal Arteritis: Very serious condition if not diagnosed early … Very difficult to establish the etiology of fever if you do not have the index of suspicion Typically Caucasian but it occurs in others  Fever and malaise may be the only manifestation. Headache is the most common. ...
Anemia * It*s not IMHA??? - VetCare Internal Medicine
Anemia * It*s not IMHA??? - VetCare Internal Medicine

... S Normal patient should have <45,000-60,000 absolute retic count S Absolute counts S 60,000-150,000 Early/mild response S 150,000-250,000 Mild-moderate S >250,000-500,000 Moderate-Marked ...
Dengue, Leishmaniasis, and African Trypanosomiasis
Dengue, Leishmaniasis, and African Trypanosomiasis

... • Deteriorating social and economic conditions in the poorer suburbs of some cities may contribute to increasing transmission, especially of VL. Leishmaniasis can be an opportunistic infection in people with HIV/AIDS, and coinfections have been reported in 34 countries (Desjeux and Alvar 2003). Maln ...
Goat Diseases - Tarleton State University
Goat Diseases - Tarleton State University

... Cause: caused by Listeria monocytogenes; feeding silage, sudden changes in kind of feed, parasitism, dramatic changes in weather, & advanced stages of pregnancy can be the onset of listeriosis Symptoms: depression, little appetite, fever, rigid neck pulled toward flank, facial paralysis on one side, ...
Fish health management in cage aquaculture
Fish health management in cage aquaculture

... genome consists of a single linear molecule of doublestranded DNA. The genome is 102,653 bp in length. Epizootiology and control measures: The virus has wide host and geographical range infecting farmed fishes as well as ornamental fishesin Asia-pacific. It is transmitted horizontally through direct ...
University Students` Lyme Disease Knowledge and
University Students` Lyme Disease Knowledge and

... Lyme disease includes the following actions when you go outdoors: Wear lightcolored clothing, Use DEET at 20 – 30% strength, Wear clothing treated with Permethrin, Wear long-sleeved shirts and tuck pant legs into socks, All of the above, None of the above ...
FAQs Devil Facial Tumour Disease.indd
FAQs Devil Facial Tumour Disease.indd

... squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and melanomas are initiated by solar damage. Also, osteosarcoma of large breed dogs is thought to be initiated or promoted by repetitive trauma. Animals in parks and zoos (including those in Tasmania) are less “shy” and do sunbake. But there has been no evidence to date ...
Biosecurity for Sheep and Goat Producers
Biosecurity for Sheep and Goat Producers

... Vaccinations provide the body with a way to make antibodies to combat disease without contracting the disease, so that if the animal is exposed to the disease later, its body can produce more of these antibodies to combat the disease. Vaccines are made from killed pathogens or modified living organi ...


... agglutinated sheep red cells to the following titres: unabsorbed serum 160, absorbed with guinea-pig kidney 20, absorbed with ox cells 20. In the second case there was no history of illness in the previous six months. The Paul-Bunnell test was again clearly negative and the agglutinin titres were as ...
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Host-Pathogen Interactions

... 3. The same disease must be produced when a pure culture of the organism is introduced into a susceptible host. 4. The organism must be recovered from the experimentally infected hosts. ...
Malaria
Malaria

... sporozoites into the body cavity of the mosquito, from which they travel to and invade the mosquito salivary glands. The cycle of human infection re-starts when the mosquito takes a blood meal, injecting the sporozoites from its salivary glands into the human bloodstream . Time-frame depends on the ...
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD)

Lyme disease in the UK: clinical and laboratory features and
Lyme disease in the UK: clinical and laboratory features and

... can vary in different areas due, in part, to the various genospecies of B. burgdorferi sensu lato which may cause different clinical syndromes.1 The clinical studies of Lyme disease from the UK are generally from endemic areas and based only on patients with positive antibody tests.5 The patients in ...
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Visceral leishmaniasis



Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, black fever, and Dumdum fever, is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus. This disease is the second-largest parasitic killer in the world (after malaria), responsible for an estimated 200,000 to 400,000 infections each year worldwide. The parasite migrates to the internal organs such as the liver, spleen (hence ""visceral""), and bone marrow, and, if left untreated, will almost always result in the death of the host. Signs and symptoms include fever, weight loss, fatigue, anemia, and substantial swelling of the liver and spleen. Of particular concern, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is the emerging problem of HIV/VL co-infection.
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