SNAP® Parvo
... strain, to be known as CPV-2a, was identified and within one year it had became the predominant type. CPV-2a was followed by CPV-2b in 1987 and in 2001 CPV-2c was first reported in Italy2. Since that time CPV-2c has been spreading across Europe, Asia and North America3,4, replacing CPV2b completely ...
... strain, to be known as CPV-2a, was identified and within one year it had became the predominant type. CPV-2a was followed by CPV-2b in 1987 and in 2001 CPV-2c was first reported in Italy2. Since that time CPV-2c has been spreading across Europe, Asia and North America3,4, replacing CPV2b completely ...
Global Importance of Ticks and Associated Infectious Disease Agents
... hemorrhagic fever, human babesiosis, Texas cattle fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, ehrlichiosis, Boutonneuse fever, tularemia, Colorado tick fever, and encephalitis. Human fatalities have been reported for some of these diseases. Certain tick species are also suspected vectors of Bartonella orga ...
... hemorrhagic fever, human babesiosis, Texas cattle fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, ehrlichiosis, Boutonneuse fever, tularemia, Colorado tick fever, and encephalitis. Human fatalities have been reported for some of these diseases. Certain tick species are also suspected vectors of Bartonella orga ...
Ocular Manifestations of Lyme Disease
... Antigens from the sample are attached to a surface. Then, a further specific antibody is applied over the surface so it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme, and, in the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. The subsequent reaction produces a de ...
... Antigens from the sample are attached to a surface. Then, a further specific antibody is applied over the surface so it can bind to the antigen. This antibody is linked to an enzyme, and, in the final step, a substance containing the enzyme's substrate is added. The subsequent reaction produces a de ...
Microbiology - Imperial Valley College
... susceptible laboratory animal. 4. The pathogen must be isolated from the inoculated animal and must be shown to be the ...
... susceptible laboratory animal. 4. The pathogen must be isolated from the inoculated animal and must be shown to be the ...
Fact sheet Tick borne encephalitis (Eng) - ECDC
... Therefore, they are observed across Europe primarily in deciduous woodland and mixed forests, but can be found in a range of habitats that support their blood hosts and a moist microclimate, such as parks and gardens. The geographical distribution of Ixodes ricinus ticks has changed in a number of c ...
... Therefore, they are observed across Europe primarily in deciduous woodland and mixed forests, but can be found in a range of habitats that support their blood hosts and a moist microclimate, such as parks and gardens. The geographical distribution of Ixodes ricinus ticks has changed in a number of c ...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever - Dr. Brahmbhatt`s Class Handouts
... antibodies (proteins produced to fight off the infection) to R. rickettsii. Since we need to look for a change in the antibody levels, usually two tests will be done 2 weeks apart and the results compared. Dogs with an active infection will show a significant rise in the amount of antibody present. ...
... antibodies (proteins produced to fight off the infection) to R. rickettsii. Since we need to look for a change in the antibody levels, usually two tests will be done 2 weeks apart and the results compared. Dogs with an active infection will show a significant rise in the amount of antibody present. ...
Rabbit Viruses - CL Davis Foundation
... ► Do not drink, absorb water through highly permeable, specialized area of skin in pelvic region. ► Skin needs to be kept moist for carbon dioxide and water exchange; largely responsible for respiration via its outer surface. ► Adult anuran lungs have vesicles for some gas exchange. Xenopus spp ► 6 ...
... ► Do not drink, absorb water through highly permeable, specialized area of skin in pelvic region. ► Skin needs to be kept moist for carbon dioxide and water exchange; largely responsible for respiration via its outer surface. ► Adult anuran lungs have vesicles for some gas exchange. Xenopus spp ► 6 ...
Zoonosis Update - American Veterinary Medical Association
... as far north as Iowa, and New Jersey. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick), found from southern Canada into tropical South America, is a 1-host tick; all 3 developmental stages prefer to feed and develop on the same dog or other canid. This tick is most often found in and around the homes of do ...
... as far north as Iowa, and New Jersey. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick), found from southern Canada into tropical South America, is a 1-host tick; all 3 developmental stages prefer to feed and develop on the same dog or other canid. This tick is most often found in and around the homes of do ...
Canine Babesiosis
... ● PCR testing at 60 and 90 days after treatment is recommended to rule out treatment failure. ● Serology is not recommended posttreatment, as titers do not necessarily wane after treatment. ● If the patient fails to respond favorably to therapy, additional screening for coinfection should be conside ...
... ● PCR testing at 60 and 90 days after treatment is recommended to rule out treatment failure. ● Serology is not recommended posttreatment, as titers do not necessarily wane after treatment. ● If the patient fails to respond favorably to therapy, additional screening for coinfection should be conside ...
Briefing for House of Lords short debate on combatting neglected
... helminthiasis.vi This is due to high reinfection rates for these diseases, variable efficacy of drug treatments, and the risk of drug resistance emerging.vii Vaccines for these conditions will be essential to prevent reinfection following mass treatment programmes, but there are currently no license ...
... helminthiasis.vi This is due to high reinfection rates for these diseases, variable efficacy of drug treatments, and the risk of drug resistance emerging.vii Vaccines for these conditions will be essential to prevent reinfection following mass treatment programmes, but there are currently no license ...
CH. 21 DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT
... Onset - high fever, headache, painful stiff neck, irritability, bulging fontanel convulsions coma death Identification: Spinal tap - number PMN's, presence Gram neg. bacilli in fluid Vaccine: Hib - capsular & membrane antigens Epiglottitis - H. influenzae Causes infection & marked inflammati ...
... Onset - high fever, headache, painful stiff neck, irritability, bulging fontanel convulsions coma death Identification: Spinal tap - number PMN's, presence Gram neg. bacilli in fluid Vaccine: Hib - capsular & membrane antigens Epiglottitis - H. influenzae Causes infection & marked inflammati ...
THE GENUS MYCOBACTERIUM
... with rather variable properties and which appear to be intermediate in form between the human and bovine types. It causes human tuberculosis and is mainly found in Equatorial Africa. ...
... with rather variable properties and which appear to be intermediate in form between the human and bovine types. It causes human tuberculosis and is mainly found in Equatorial Africa. ...
Welcome to the Second Annual Infectious
... Welcome to the Second Annual Infectious Disease Ontology Workshop Generously supported by ...
... Welcome to the Second Annual Infectious Disease Ontology Workshop Generously supported by ...
To Remove a Tick
... are operated on a non-discriminatory basis. This policy prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex or national origin and applies to the provisions of employment and granting of advantages, privileges, and accommodations. The Department, in compliance with the Americans with Disabilit ...
... are operated on a non-discriminatory basis. This policy prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex or national origin and applies to the provisions of employment and granting of advantages, privileges, and accommodations. The Department, in compliance with the Americans with Disabilit ...
Legionella
... Even those opposed to routine sampling state that there is some utility in water system sampling. Butler et.al (1997) states, “culturing in a water system may be appropriate if performed to evaluate a suspected source of infection, as part of an outbreak investigation, to assess the effectiveness of ...
... Even those opposed to routine sampling state that there is some utility in water system sampling. Butler et.al (1997) states, “culturing in a water system may be appropriate if performed to evaluate a suspected source of infection, as part of an outbreak investigation, to assess the effectiveness of ...
Host resource supplies influence the dynamics
... et al. 2002), but recent work suggests that not only can the host’s nutritional status affect the immune response to viral infection, but it can also affect the viral pathogen itself (Beck and Levander 2000). In their mouse model of coxsackievirus B3 infection, a benign viral strain was found to bec ...
... et al. 2002), but recent work suggests that not only can the host’s nutritional status affect the immune response to viral infection, but it can also affect the viral pathogen itself (Beck and Levander 2000). In their mouse model of coxsackievirus B3 infection, a benign viral strain was found to bec ...
Glossary of Epidemiology Terms
... long periods, may be blown over great distances, and are easily inhaled into the lungs and exhaled. DROPLET SPREAD. The direct transmission of an infectious agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host by spray with relatively large, short-ranged aerosols produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking. ...
... long periods, may be blown over great distances, and are easily inhaled into the lungs and exhaled. DROPLET SPREAD. The direct transmission of an infectious agent from a reservoir to a susceptible host by spray with relatively large, short-ranged aerosols produced by sneezing, coughing, or talking. ...
Anti-inflammatory effects of macrolide antibiotics P.N. Black
... was subsequently confirmed when TAO was shown to reduce the clearance of methylprednislone by 64% [11]. The unresolved question was whether or not the effects of TAO on corticosteroid metabolism accounted for all of the apparent steroid sparing effects of TAO. In uncontrolled studies, the reduction ...
... was subsequently confirmed when TAO was shown to reduce the clearance of methylprednislone by 64% [11]. The unresolved question was whether or not the effects of TAO on corticosteroid metabolism accounted for all of the apparent steroid sparing effects of TAO. In uncontrolled studies, the reduction ...
LYME DISEASE in Australia - Lyme Disease Association of Australia
... efficacy of treatments is advancing rapidly and each patient may require a individualised approach. It is most important to realise that Lyme is a world-wide problem and the journey to recovery for late stage Lyme disease is more like a marathon than a sprint. ...
... efficacy of treatments is advancing rapidly and each patient may require a individualised approach. It is most important to realise that Lyme is a world-wide problem and the journey to recovery for late stage Lyme disease is more like a marathon than a sprint. ...
Visceral leishmaniasis
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar, black fever, and Dumdum fever, is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus. This disease is the second-largest parasitic killer in the world (after malaria), responsible for an estimated 200,000 to 400,000 infections each year worldwide. The parasite migrates to the internal organs such as the liver, spleen (hence ""visceral""), and bone marrow, and, if left untreated, will almost always result in the death of the host. Signs and symptoms include fever, weight loss, fatigue, anemia, and substantial swelling of the liver and spleen. Of particular concern, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is the emerging problem of HIV/VL co-infection.