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... • Operon: a set of genes that are transcribed from the same promoter and controlled by the same operator site and regulatory proteins. • Regulon: a set of genes (and/or operons) expressed from separate promoter sites, but controlled by the same regulatory molecule. Global regulons may coordinate exp ...
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Drug Target Discovery by Genome Analysis
Drug Target Discovery by Genome Analysis

(STC) approach with a non selective AFLP fingerprinting
(STC) approach with a non selective AFLP fingerprinting

... onto BAC contig sequences to which the Blast hit is found, and verified at nucleotide level for integrity. Assembled BAC end sequences showing high quality basecall differences compared to contig consensus sequences, or showing its assembly start more than 50 basepairs downstream from a candidate Hi ...
Biotechnology in Livestock Production
Biotechnology in Livestock Production

... may be frozen much the same as cattle semen samples  first research in the U.S. was done in central WI in ...
Lithographic masks and photoresist that are made from
Lithographic masks and photoresist that are made from

... scattering are commonly used to identify near level details of mask features, such as critical dimensions and roughness. These techniques are also employed to inspect mask defects. However, process variability during directed self-assembly (DSA) requires real-time, online metrology to identify mask ...
Biotechnology in Livestock Production
Biotechnology in Livestock Production

... • after the eggs are fertilized and before they leave the oviduct, the cow is “flushed” with a saline solution or a solution of egg yolk and D.M.S.O. August 2008 ...
Section 20.1
Section 20.1

... • Bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) and yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) are two other examples of vectors that can be used to clone large fragments of DNA • BACs are generally very large but low copy number (one to two copies/bacterial cell) plasmids ...
Biotechnology in Livestock Production
Biotechnology in Livestock Production

... • after the eggs are fertilized and before they leave the oviduct, the cow is “flushed” with a saline solution or a solution of egg yolk and D.M.S.O. August 2008 ...
Quantum Dynamics in the Condensed Phase
Quantum Dynamics in the Condensed Phase

Chapter 13( Sample questions)
Chapter 13( Sample questions)

... b. Small self-replicating DNA molecules in bacteria c. Made of RNA d. Found only in single copies within bacteria e. Necessary in order for bacteria to reproduce DNA recombination does not occur between different species in nature by: a. Bacterial transformation b. Bacteria acquiring plasmids c. Vir ...
Expanding and understanding the genetic toolbox of the
Expanding and understanding the genetic toolbox of the

... tool to investigate the role and function of genes. In model organisms from all three domains of life, methods have been developed to integrate engineered DNA site-specifically into the genome. These techniques rely mainly on homologous recombination and allow new genes to be introduced into a genom ...
Avoiding Selective Pressure: Using Genomics to Design Anti-Virulence Drugs
Avoiding Selective Pressure: Using Genomics to Design Anti-Virulence Drugs

... second- or third-line antimicrobials are often more expensive – the drugs needed to treat multiresistant forms of tuberculosis are over 100 times more expensive than the first-line drugs used to treat non-resistant forms.5 Resistant bacteria are also more difficult to treat, and patients may suffer ...
MODELING DNA REPLICATION
MODELING DNA REPLICATION

... Always keep the top facing up, and start with the 3’ end of the model toward your left hand. Reviewing DNA Structure Start with the long white pieces of DNA. 1. Find the 5’ and 3’ ends of the strands. The 5’ end has a terminal phosphate, and the 3’ end has a hydroxyl group on the end. 2. Note how th ...
The ATM repair pathway inhibits RNA polymerase I transcription in
The ATM repair pathway inhibits RNA polymerase I transcription in

... due 10/17 ...
Do-It-Yourself Strawberry DNA
Do-It-Yourself Strawberry DNA

... Introduction: Since DNA is the blueprint for life, everything living contains DNA. DNA isolation is one of the most basic and essential techniques in the study of DNA. The extraction of DNA from cells and its purification are of primary importance to the field of biotechnology and forensics. Extract ...
Transcription and Translation
Transcription and Translation

... • The first tRNA detaches and leaves it’s amino acid. • Two new tRNA with their amino acids move into position (positions are called A and P) • The new tRNAs have the correct amino acid for that specific codon. Each copyright cmassengale ...
12 RNA Activity
12 RNA Activity

... Place  the  fluorescent  tag  on  the  probe  backbone  that  you  think  will  work   Attach  your  probe  backbone  on  top  of  the  bacteria  bases.    What  problems  did  you  have   to  solve  to  attach  it?    Did  it ...
Section 8: Genetic Mutations, Ribosome Structure
Section 8: Genetic Mutations, Ribosome Structure

Transcription & Translation
Transcription & Translation

... – Making Proteins from RNA – amino acids are assembled from information encoded in mRNA 1. mRNA codons move through the ribosome 2. tRNAs add specific amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain 3. Process continues until a stop codon is reached 4. Newly made protein is released ...
primary structure
primary structure

... strands wrap around each other – The two strands are associated because particular bases always hydrogen bond to one another – A pairs with T, and C pairs with G, producing base pairs ...
Biotechnology 15 ECTS
Biotechnology 15 ECTS

... marked correctly: 1 point. If marked incorrectly: -1 point. If there is no mark: zero point. 1. Without microorganisms, all higher life forms on earth would cease to exist.____ 2. According to our present understanding, each of the major domains has what is known as its own universal ancestor.____ 3 ...
1 Gene Therapy General overview Rapid development of molecular
1 Gene Therapy General overview Rapid development of molecular

... transcarbamoylase (OTC, a key enzymes in the urea cycle) deficiency. 1.4 Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) Among the numerous advantages of AAV they are easily produced at high titers, they transduce both dividing and non-dividing cells, but don’t trigger immune response and integrate into the genome. ...
Recitation Notes for RDM Day 1 1. Module Overview –
Recitation Notes for RDM Day 1 1. Module Overview –

... 3- buffer – the restriction enzyme requires a particular ionic strength and pH. Buffers contain various salts and other components which the enzyme needs in order to function optimally. Tris – buffer; MgCl2 – Mg is cofactor for RE. NaCl to maintain ionic strength, mimics cellular conditions. 0.025% ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... • Typically, ca. 500 - 1500 Å2 of surface buried upon complex formation by two globular proteins • Epitopes on protein surface thus may have a “hybrid” character, compatible with both a solvent-exposed (‘free”) state and a buried, solvent-inaccessible (“bound”) state • Energetics of binding primaril ...
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Molecular evolution

Molecular evolution is a change in the sequence composition of cellular molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins across generations. The field of molecular evolution uses principles of evolutionary biology and population genetics to explain patterns in these changes. Major topics in molecular evolution concern the rates and impacts of single nucleotide changes, neutral evolution vs. natural selection, origins of new genes, the genetic nature of complex traits, the genetic basis of speciation, evolution of development, and ways that evolutionary forces influence genomic and phenotypic changes.
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