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Scanning promoters to predict TF binding sites and
Scanning promoters to predict TF binding sites and

... In this tutorial, we will address the situation when we are interested by one particular transcription factor for which some binding sites and target genes already have been characterized. Having at hand the genome of interest, we want to scan all the promoters in order to predict putative binding s ...
DNA methylation
DNA methylation

... In embryonic stem cells (ESCs), developmental regulators necessary for lineage-specific gene expression programs are repressed (or expressed at very low levels), yet are ‘primed’ for rapid induction of expression upon receiving differentiation cues. These primed genes are characterised by ‘bivalent’ ...
DNA to Protein
DNA to Protein

... nucleus before it is moved to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis  The RNA that is the direct copy of the DNA is the primary transcript  2 methods used to process primary transcripts to increase the stability of mRNA being exported to the cytoplasm ...
Resource specialisation and the divergence of killer whale
Resource specialisation and the divergence of killer whale

... discrepancy between the nuclear and mtDNA trees by Foote and Morin (2015); where the transient population is ancestral and there is secondary contact in the North Pacific. To partly address some of the limitations of our approach, we compared two scenarios in a separate analysis. The first scenario wa ...
Biotech 2 - Explore Biology
Biotech 2 - Explore Biology

... Copy DNA without plasmids? PCR!  Polymerase Chain Reaction method for making many, many copies of a specific segment of DNA  ~only need 1 cell of DNA to start ...
Replication 1
Replication 1

... 1. At a nick (free 3’ OH) in the DNA the DNA pol I binds and digests nucleotides in a 5’-3’ direction 2. The DNA polymerase activity synthesizes a new DNA strand 3. A nick remains as the DNA pol I dissociates from the ds DNA. 4. The nick is closed via DNA ligase ...
Biotechnology 2
Biotechnology 2

... Copy DNA without plasmids? PCR!  Polymerase Chain Reaction method for making many, many copies of a specific segment of DNA  ~only need 1 cell of DNA to start ...
TRPA1 antibody - middle region (ARP35205_P050)
TRPA1 antibody - middle region (ARP35205_P050)

... This is a rabbit polyclonal antibody against TRPA1. It was validated on Western Blot using a cell lysate as a positive control. Aviva Systems Biology strives to provide antibodies covering each member of a whole protein family of your interest. We also use our best efforts to provide you antibodies ...
Introduction to gel electrophoresis
Introduction to gel electrophoresis

... • DNA has negatively charged phosphates along the DNA backbone. ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... • Make cDNA from all mRNA in the two different cellular states (RT = reverse transcriptase). • Use several sets of PCR primers to amplify a representative sample of all the cDNAs. • Resolve those RT- PCR products on a gel. • Find the products that are present in only one of the two cellular states b ...
Ch 20 Biotechnology - juan-roldan
Ch 20 Biotechnology - juan-roldan

... Concept 20.1: DNA cloning yields multiple copies of a gene or other DNA segment • To work directly with specific genes, scientists prepare well-defined segments of DNA in identical copies, a process called DNA cloning ...
recombinant DNA - juan
recombinant DNA - juan

... Concept 20.1: DNA cloning yields multiple copies of a gene or other DNA segment • To work directly with specific genes, scientists prepare well-defined segments of DNA in identical copies, a process called DNA cloning ...
C3G (G-9): sc-393836
C3G (G-9): sc-393836

... regulation of a wide variety of cellular processes. Ras signals in its GTP-bound form but is “turned off” when bound to GDP. When unregulated or constitutively turned on by mutations, Ras signaling contributes to malignant transformation. The switch between active and inactive Ras is controlled by G ...
Exam 1, Problem 6
Exam 1, Problem 6

... The probability of getting a value of 1.44 is likely to occur in the gene 100-nt population ...
Organelle origins: Energy-producing symbionts
Organelle origins: Energy-producing symbionts

... malate to produce ATP, acetate, carbon dioxide and large amounts of hydrogen [1]. These organelles are doublemembrane structures which divide by fission, lack DNA and contain approximately 300 different proteins. Organisms that contain hydrogenosomes are unlike other eukaryotes, as they are amitocho ...
ECCell_D6_1 Demonstration of sequence
ECCell_D6_1 Demonstration of sequence

... During the course of the ECCell project, the consortium leader RUBa, who is dealing with microfluidic devices as the electronic scaffold for the electrochemical cell, made some important findings. The triblock copolymer Pluronics, which has the molecular structure poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propyle ...
File - Molecular Biology 2
File - Molecular Biology 2

... the process of development from fertilized egg cell to adult requires coordination between different cells as well as time-dependent changes in gene expression. Many of the problems in gene regulation require a classical genetic approach: genetics enables genes that control regulation to be distingu ...
Document
Document

... polarity of T blast cell divisions? Why. (10) c) The lin-44 gene is expressed (transcribed) specifically in the hyp8/9 and hyp11 cells. Does this information help explain the results in examples 2, 3, 4 and why? (10) 7.) The properties that a molecule needs to satisfy to be considered a morphogen ar ...
an agricultural and environmental biotechnology - Moodle
an agricultural and environmental biotechnology - Moodle

... Gene amplification. The presence of multiple genes. Amplification is one mechanism through which proto-oncogenes are activated in malignant cells. Gene cloning. The process of synthesizing multiple copies of a particular DNA sequence using a bacteria cell or another organism as a host. See DNA, Host ...
Name Designation Constitution Number of chromosomes
Name Designation Constitution Number of chromosomes

... • Technique to visualize the chromosomes • Chromosomes are only visible in dividing cells (in the M-phase): stimulate T-cells isolated from blood in culture (e.g. with phytohemaglutinin) or fetal cells. • Make cells swell with hypotonic saline • M-phase is short (see figure), low mitotic index • Mit ...
Conclusion
Conclusion

... Evidence #1 : A scientist separated the chloroplasts from Spinach leaves to see if the chloroplasts could produce chemicals. He put each of 50 tubes in the dark for 4 minutes, then the light for 4 minutes, and repeated this. He found that the levels of glucose increased in the light. Conclusion: Whe ...
More Basic Biotechnology Tools Many uses of restriction enzymes
More Basic Biotechnology Tools Many uses of restriction enzymes

... need to know a bit of sequence to make proper primers primers can bracket target sequence ▪ start with long piece of DNA & ...
Restriction Enzymes - mvhs
Restriction Enzymes - mvhs

... Restriction Enzymes: Molecular Scissors • Restriction enzymes (endonuleases) cut DNA at specific sequences • What kinds of bonds are broken when restriction enzymes cut? – Covalent bonds (within a single strand) – Hydrogen bonds (between Hydrogen strands) as a result of the bond Covalent bond stran ...
d) Structural Proteins
d) Structural Proteins

... Genome sequencing  Genbank (www.ncbi.nih.gov) Genechip  gene expression database X-ray crystallography, NMR  protein structure database ( www.pdb.org) 2D gel, mass spectrometry  proteomics database Literature db  PubMed (www.pubmed.org) Inherent genetic disease db  OMIM (www.ncbi.nih.gov) ...
Clicker questions used in the activity, distribution of student answers
Clicker questions used in the activity, distribution of student answers

... Difference #5 represents a missense mutation: in Elijah (unaffected) the DNA encodes for GAU (aspartate) and in Liam (affected) the DNA encodes for GAG (glutamate). This question is an exploratory question, and most students answer A: “Yes” because, without more information, this difference is a pos ...
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Molecular evolution

Molecular evolution is a change in the sequence composition of cellular molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins across generations. The field of molecular evolution uses principles of evolutionary biology and population genetics to explain patterns in these changes. Major topics in molecular evolution concern the rates and impacts of single nucleotide changes, neutral evolution vs. natural selection, origins of new genes, the genetic nature of complex traits, the genetic basis of speciation, evolution of development, and ways that evolutionary forces influence genomic and phenotypic changes.
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