Evidence for evolution
... types of animals (or other organisms) have their origin in preexisting types of animals (or other organisms) and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations. EVOLUTION, CONVERGENT: When the process of evolution causes two unrelated species to become more s ...
... types of animals (or other organisms) have their origin in preexisting types of animals (or other organisms) and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations. EVOLUTION, CONVERGENT: When the process of evolution causes two unrelated species to become more s ...
The limits of sexual conflict in the narrow sense
... the probabilities that females mate with different kinds of males, and both result in sexual selection by female mate choice among males’. Kokko et al. [34, p. 653] state that both preference and resistance are terms for female mating biases that, when expressed, generate a higher mating success for ...
... the probabilities that females mate with different kinds of males, and both result in sexual selection by female mate choice among males’. Kokko et al. [34, p. 653] state that both preference and resistance are terms for female mating biases that, when expressed, generate a higher mating success for ...
Outline
... • The different between theory and fact or hypothesis. – With many observation and data, hypothesis become theory. ...
... • The different between theory and fact or hypothesis. – With many observation and data, hypothesis become theory. ...
Mortality Patterns and the Cost of Reproduction in a
... A shortcoming of the correlational approach we used here is that the patterns of interest could potentially be confounded by other factors. For example, if mortality risk decreases with size, the size advantage of adults might mask their increased risk of mortality associated with reproduction. None ...
... A shortcoming of the correlational approach we used here is that the patterns of interest could potentially be confounded by other factors. For example, if mortality risk decreases with size, the size advantage of adults might mask their increased risk of mortality associated with reproduction. None ...
Dusting Behavior - Digital Commons @ OWU
... the natural world such as searching for predators. Finally, in the wild, solitary males tend to choose a habitat based on food resource availability to maximize their body size and reproductive fitness. As a result, as body size increases energetic demands also increase – requiring males to spend mo ...
... the natural world such as searching for predators. Finally, in the wild, solitary males tend to choose a habitat based on food resource availability to maximize their body size and reproductive fitness. As a result, as body size increases energetic demands also increase – requiring males to spend mo ...
18 The Evolution of Phenotypes
... precisely the traits that are most often cited as the spectacular examples of natural selection and adaptation. It turns out that the theory of quantitative genetics allows us to study the evolution of phenotypes on the basis of statistical similarities among relatives, even without identifying the ...
... precisely the traits that are most often cited as the spectacular examples of natural selection and adaptation. It turns out that the theory of quantitative genetics allows us to study the evolution of phenotypes on the basis of statistical similarities among relatives, even without identifying the ...
How Populations Evolve
... Natural selection is based on variation: • Individuals in a population differ from one another • Many of these differences are genetic – Genetic variation occurs because of mutations and genetic recombination during meiosis ...
... Natural selection is based on variation: • Individuals in a population differ from one another • Many of these differences are genetic – Genetic variation occurs because of mutations and genetic recombination during meiosis ...
Evolution by Natural Selection
... Natural selection happens when some organisms have traits that make them better suited (they have better accommodation) to live in a certain environment than others. They are more likely to survive, reproduce and pass their traits on to future generations than those without the special traits. The p ...
... Natural selection happens when some organisms have traits that make them better suited (they have better accommodation) to live in a certain environment than others. They are more likely to survive, reproduce and pass their traits on to future generations than those without the special traits. The p ...
darwin`s orchids: their variation, plasticity, and natural selection
... has not been detected, prompting alternative explanations including genetic drift. Could phenotypic plasticity cloud the effects of selection? Using a Tolumnia variegata population as a model system, we conducted a reciprocal transplant experiment to determine the effects of light environment on veg ...
... has not been detected, prompting alternative explanations including genetic drift. Could phenotypic plasticity cloud the effects of selection? Using a Tolumnia variegata population as a model system, we conducted a reciprocal transplant experiment to determine the effects of light environment on veg ...
8 The Evolution of Phenotypes
... precisely the traits that are most often cited as the spectacular examples of natural selection and adaptation. It turns out that the theory of quantitative genetics allows us to study the evolution of phenotypes on the basis of statistical similarities among relatives, even without identifying the ...
... precisely the traits that are most often cited as the spectacular examples of natural selection and adaptation. It turns out that the theory of quantitative genetics allows us to study the evolution of phenotypes on the basis of statistical similarities among relatives, even without identifying the ...
sexual and relationship scripts
... Sex refers to the biological characteristics that define humans as female or male. While these sets of biological characteristics are not mutually exclusive, as there are individuals who possess both, they tend to differentiate humans as males and females. In general use in many languages, the term ...
... Sex refers to the biological characteristics that define humans as female or male. While these sets of biological characteristics are not mutually exclusive, as there are individuals who possess both, they tend to differentiate humans as males and females. In general use in many languages, the term ...
Questions to answer
... 1. Explain what the “modern synthesis” is. How is it different from Darwin’s original theory of evolution? 2. Why does evolution have to involve the change of the genetic makeup of a population over time? 3. Explain each of the following modes of evolution in a population. For each one, describe the ...
... 1. Explain what the “modern synthesis” is. How is it different from Darwin’s original theory of evolution? 2. Why does evolution have to involve the change of the genetic makeup of a population over time? 3. Explain each of the following modes of evolution in a population. For each one, describe the ...
Aesthetic evolution by mate choice: Darwin`s really dangerous idea
... has become a field in which the role of natural selection on mating preferences is usually assumed, rarely discussed, largely beyond testing and even redefined into the definition of sexual selection itself. The prospect of null model debate in intersexual selection will sound familiar to those with ...
... has become a field in which the role of natural selection on mating preferences is usually assumed, rarely discussed, largely beyond testing and even redefined into the definition of sexual selection itself. The prospect of null model debate in intersexual selection will sound familiar to those with ...
Motivation - RB Stall High School
... Autonomy- a sense of self control Competence- sense of well being Insecure anxious attachment- craving acceptance form others Insecure avoidant attachment- discomfort over getting close to others. Avoid others and maintain distance ...
... Autonomy- a sense of self control Competence- sense of well being Insecure anxious attachment- craving acceptance form others Insecure avoidant attachment- discomfort over getting close to others. Avoid others and maintain distance ...
Aesthetic evolution by mate choice: Darwin`s really dangerous idea
... has become a field in which the role of natural selection on mating preferences is usually assumed, rarely discussed, largely beyond testing and even redefined into the definition of sexual selection itself. The prospect of null model debate in intersexual selection will sound familiar to those with ...
... has become a field in which the role of natural selection on mating preferences is usually assumed, rarely discussed, largely beyond testing and even redefined into the definition of sexual selection itself. The prospect of null model debate in intersexual selection will sound familiar to those with ...
GAD EvoTalk
... according to the insect's environment, requires variation. The variation must influence survival and reproduction (fitness), and it must be inherited. During the early and middle 20th Century, genetics became incorporated into evolution, allowing us to define natural selection this way: Natural Sele ...
... according to the insect's environment, requires variation. The variation must influence survival and reproduction (fitness), and it must be inherited. During the early and middle 20th Century, genetics became incorporated into evolution, allowing us to define natural selection this way: Natural Sele ...
The effect of sex on the mean and variance of fitness in facultatively
... variance in fitness. For example, as discussed earlier, if sex results in a reduction in genetic variance, we can infer that disequilibria were positive. If sexually produced offspring also have lower fitness, then we can infer that the nonadditive components of selection tended to be of the same si ...
... variance in fitness. For example, as discussed earlier, if sex results in a reduction in genetic variance, we can infer that disequilibria were positive. If sexually produced offspring also have lower fitness, then we can infer that the nonadditive components of selection tended to be of the same si ...
Experiments with Digital Organisms on the Origin
... had evolved greater modularity in 2 respects. First, those regions of the genome responsible for metabolizing particular nutrients were typically more compact (higher physical modularity, a measure of the mean distance between sites encoding computational traits) in sexual than in asexual organisms. ...
... had evolved greater modularity in 2 respects. First, those regions of the genome responsible for metabolizing particular nutrients were typically more compact (higher physical modularity, a measure of the mean distance between sites encoding computational traits) in sexual than in asexual organisms. ...
Darwin`s Theory of Evolution On the Origin of Species
... artificial selection, Darwin referred to the this phenomena (Survival of the Fittest) as Natural Selection. The Nora School 955 Sligo Avenue Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 ...
... artificial selection, Darwin referred to the this phenomena (Survival of the Fittest) as Natural Selection. The Nora School 955 Sligo Avenue Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 ...
Group Selection
... Group vs. Individual Selection Controversy Selection at any higher level than that of an individual is essentially "impotent“ and is "not an appreciable factor in evolution" (1966:8; cf., Williams 1992). “Many, perhaps most, evolutionary biologists believe that it [group selection] is only rarely a ...
... Group vs. Individual Selection Controversy Selection at any higher level than that of an individual is essentially "impotent“ and is "not an appreciable factor in evolution" (1966:8; cf., Williams 1992). “Many, perhaps most, evolutionary biologists believe that it [group selection] is only rarely a ...
440selection - eweb.furman.edu
... As phenotype gets rare, fitness increases. Maintains alleles in ...
... As phenotype gets rare, fitness increases. Maintains alleles in ...
Chapter 15 Darwin*s Theory of Evolution
... Summary of Darwin's Theory Individuals best suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully. These organisms pass their heritable traits to their offspring. Other individuals die or leave fewer offspring. This process of natural selection causes species to change over time. ...
... Summary of Darwin's Theory Individuals best suited to their environment survive and reproduce most successfully. These organisms pass their heritable traits to their offspring. Other individuals die or leave fewer offspring. This process of natural selection causes species to change over time. ...
How Do the Chinese Make Love? - Scientific Research Publishing
... The same situation appeared in this survey, more female adults than male adults need passionate foreplay to require a sexual arousal. Moreover, sexual conservative beliefs seem to be closely related to a certain extent to arousal difficulties in women, which seemed to be one reason that more females ...
... The same situation appeared in this survey, more female adults than male adults need passionate foreplay to require a sexual arousal. Moreover, sexual conservative beliefs seem to be closely related to a certain extent to arousal difficulties in women, which seemed to be one reason that more females ...
Sexual selection
Sexual selection is a mode of natural selection where typically members of one gender choose mates of the other gender to mate with, called intersexual selection, and where females normally do the choosing, and competition between members of the same gender to sexually reproduce with members of the opposite sex, called intrasexual selection. These two forms of selection mean that some individuals have better reproductive success than others within a population either from being sexier or preferring sexier partners to produce offspring. For instance in the breeding season sexual selection in frogs occurs with the males first gathering at the water's edge and croaking. The females then arrive and choose the males with the deepest croaks and best territories. Generalizing, males benefit from frequent mating and monopolizing access to a group of fertile females. Females have a limited number of offspring they can have and they maximize the return on the energy they invest in reproduction.First articulated by Charles Darwin who described it as driving speciation and that many organisms had evolved features whose function was deleterious to their individual survival, and then developed by Ronald Fisher in the early 20th century. Sexual selection can lead typically males to extreme efforts to demonstrate their fitness to be chosen by females, producing secondary sexual characteristics, such as ornate bird tails like the peacock plumage, or the antlers of deer, or the manes of lions, caused by a positive feedback mechanism known as a Fisherian runaway, where the passing on of the desire for a trait in one sex is as important as having the trait in the other sex in producing the runaway effect. Although the sexy son hypothesis indicates that females would prefer male sons, Fisher's principle explains why the sex ratio is 1:1 almost without exception. Sexual selection is also found in plants and fungi.The maintenance of sexual reproduction in a highly competitive world has long been one of the major mysteries of biology given that asexual reproduction can reproduce much more quickly as 50% of offspring are not males, unable to produce offspring themselves. However, research published in 2015 indicates that sexual selection can explain the persistence of sexual reproduction.