VCE BIOLOGY 2013–2016 Introduction
... range of different polymers can be produced from the basic molecule by varying the number of carbons in the side chain. The molecule is constructed from units which are present in plants. It is possible to take those three genes from the soil bacterium and localise them in the chloroplasts of Arabid ...
... range of different polymers can be produced from the basic molecule by varying the number of carbons in the side chain. The molecule is constructed from units which are present in plants. It is possible to take those three genes from the soil bacterium and localise them in the chloroplasts of Arabid ...
Unit VII Study Guide
... 6. Added to 3’ end of RNA transcript 7. Added to 5’ end of RNA transcript 8. Chromosomal mutation in which order of DNA nucleotides is altered 9. Highly compacted DNA; not expressed 10. Variations in a single nucleotide; used as markers in genetic testing 11. Proteins that bind to DNA based on charg ...
... 6. Added to 3’ end of RNA transcript 7. Added to 5’ end of RNA transcript 8. Chromosomal mutation in which order of DNA nucleotides is altered 9. Highly compacted DNA; not expressed 10. Variations in a single nucleotide; used as markers in genetic testing 11. Proteins that bind to DNA based on charg ...
Lecture 4
... form a stable double helix. RNA exists as a single-stranded molecule. However, regions of double helix can form where there is some base pair complementation (U and A , G and C), resulting in hairpin loops. The RNA molecule with its hairpin loops is said to have a secondary structure. RNA molecule ...
... form a stable double helix. RNA exists as a single-stranded molecule. However, regions of double helix can form where there is some base pair complementation (U and A , G and C), resulting in hairpin loops. The RNA molecule with its hairpin loops is said to have a secondary structure. RNA molecule ...
Protein Folding and Quality Control
... Protein Folding and Quality Control Folding Function: making specific functional domains critical for function (occurs following or coincident with synthesis) Sequence dependence: Final structure of protein is dependent on amino acid sequence and properties of amino acids that make up polypeptide be ...
... Protein Folding and Quality Control Folding Function: making specific functional domains critical for function (occurs following or coincident with synthesis) Sequence dependence: Final structure of protein is dependent on amino acid sequence and properties of amino acids that make up polypeptide be ...
4 1. agribiotechnology 2. genetically modified organisms
... 2. Flower, the reproductive shoots of the angiosperm sporophyte, are typically composed of four whorls of highly modified leaves called floral organs, which are separated by very short internodes. 3. The mammalian digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and various accessory glands that se ...
... 2. Flower, the reproductive shoots of the angiosperm sporophyte, are typically composed of four whorls of highly modified leaves called floral organs, which are separated by very short internodes. 3. The mammalian digestive system consists of the alimentary canal and various accessory glands that se ...
CHNOPS Lab
... Then the mRNA carries this information in the form of a code to the ribosomes, where protein synthesis takes place. The code, in DNA or mRNA, specifies the order in which the amino acids are joined together to form a polypeptide. As the code carried by mRNA is “read” on a ribosome, the amino acids a ...
... Then the mRNA carries this information in the form of a code to the ribosomes, where protein synthesis takes place. The code, in DNA or mRNA, specifies the order in which the amino acids are joined together to form a polypeptide. As the code carried by mRNA is “read” on a ribosome, the amino acids a ...
Gene Section CENPW (centromere protein W) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... CENP-W was originally identified as a cancerupregulated gene 2 (CUG2) which is commonly overexpressed in various human cancer tissues. Although it has high oncogenic activities, CENP-W also induces cell apoptosis when overexpressed in certain cell lines. After it was revealed that CENP-W forms a sta ...
... CENP-W was originally identified as a cancerupregulated gene 2 (CUG2) which is commonly overexpressed in various human cancer tissues. Although it has high oncogenic activities, CENP-W also induces cell apoptosis when overexpressed in certain cell lines. After it was revealed that CENP-W forms a sta ...
1 Protein Synthesis DNA protein (nucleus) (ribosome) 1
... -3 stages: initiation, elongation (adding more amino acids), termination -hydrogen bonds are between tRNA and amino acids are easily broken -the mRNA strand is broken down afterwards and recycles -the start codon is an amino acid (it’s methionine), but the stop codon is NOT an amino acid -the long ...
... -3 stages: initiation, elongation (adding more amino acids), termination -hydrogen bonds are between tRNA and amino acids are easily broken -the mRNA strand is broken down afterwards and recycles -the start codon is an amino acid (it’s methionine), but the stop codon is NOT an amino acid -the long ...
1 Protein Synthesis DNA protein (nucleus) (ribosome) 1
... -a system of symbols used to store information -remember, proteins are made by joining amino acids into long chains call polypeptides -living cells store genetic information in DNA -DNA determines the primary structures of proteins, BUT it needs RNA in the process -genes are the keys to almost every ...
... -a system of symbols used to store information -remember, proteins are made by joining amino acids into long chains call polypeptides -living cells store genetic information in DNA -DNA determines the primary structures of proteins, BUT it needs RNA in the process -genes are the keys to almost every ...
An RNA-binding domain in the viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus
... not due to the six His residues present at the amino terminus of each recombinant protein, and therefore that the B protein could represent an RNA-binding domain. To exclude the possibility that the interaction observed between RNA and N or the B protein was due to contaminant E. coli proteins, we d ...
... not due to the six His residues present at the amino terminus of each recombinant protein, and therefore that the B protein could represent an RNA-binding domain. To exclude the possibility that the interaction observed between RNA and N or the B protein was due to contaminant E. coli proteins, we d ...
Baird Chem in Your life Chapter 09
... b: Each human cell has 46 chromosomes divided by two, which gives 23 pairs. ...
... b: Each human cell has 46 chromosomes divided by two, which gives 23 pairs. ...
Document
... Transcription • During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands • RNA Polymerase then uses one strand of DNA as a template to assemble nucleotides into RNA copyright cmassengale ...
... Transcription • During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands • RNA Polymerase then uses one strand of DNA as a template to assemble nucleotides into RNA copyright cmassengale ...
Amal Awwad 23 Abd Alraheem Jerdaneh st. Amman, Jordan
... Studied the formation of G-quadruplexes in more than 500 DNA and RNA aptamer sequences. Aptamers are single stranded RNA or DNA oligonucleotides that bind with high affinity and specificity to unique targets such as peptides, cells, organelles and viruses. The main purpose of the project was to stud ...
... Studied the formation of G-quadruplexes in more than 500 DNA and RNA aptamer sequences. Aptamers are single stranded RNA or DNA oligonucleotides that bind with high affinity and specificity to unique targets such as peptides, cells, organelles and viruses. The main purpose of the project was to stud ...
Nucleic Acid Structure:
... Gene: a sequence of bases in DNA that specifies a single polypeptide (or, in some cases, a single RNA molecule rRNA, tRNA). ...
... Gene: a sequence of bases in DNA that specifies a single polypeptide (or, in some cases, a single RNA molecule rRNA, tRNA). ...
CHAPTER 13 Frontiers of Genetics
... sequences, is called an operon. One control sequence, the promoter, is a binding site for an enzyme needed in DNA transcription. The other control sequence, the operator, switches the promoter on and off. A protein called the repressor turns the operator off by binding to it. This process enables pr ...
... sequences, is called an operon. One control sequence, the promoter, is a binding site for an enzyme needed in DNA transcription. The other control sequence, the operator, switches the promoter on and off. A protein called the repressor turns the operator off by binding to it. This process enables pr ...
1 - From protein structure to biological function through interactomics
... Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are key elements for the normal function of a living cell. The identification and quantitative and structural characterization of PPI networks allow for an integrated view and a better understanding of the functioning of a living cell or an organism. The course ai ...
... Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are key elements for the normal function of a living cell. The identification and quantitative and structural characterization of PPI networks allow for an integrated view and a better understanding of the functioning of a living cell or an organism. The course ai ...
organic molecules : proteins - Mr. Lesiuk
... longer they begin to twist into a spiral. (called an alpha helix). ...
... longer they begin to twist into a spiral. (called an alpha helix). ...
DNA and RNA
... • The directions for making proteins are in the order of the four nitrogenous bases. • This code is read three letters at a time. • Each codon, or group of three nucleotides, stands for an amino acid. • Some amino acids are specified by more than one codon. • One codon is a start signal for translat ...
... • The directions for making proteins are in the order of the four nitrogenous bases. • This code is read three letters at a time. • Each codon, or group of three nucleotides, stands for an amino acid. • Some amino acids are specified by more than one codon. • One codon is a start signal for translat ...
From DNA to Protein
... converting information in mRNA into sequence of amino acids to make a protein • occurs at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm or on the endoplasmic reticulum ...
... converting information in mRNA into sequence of amino acids to make a protein • occurs at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm or on the endoplasmic reticulum ...
Biochemistry LTF
... - molecules of life made of elements carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen - functional groups – determines the characteristics of that compound Hydroxyl goup: -OH (see fig. 2) Carboxylic acid group: -COOH (see fig. 3) Amine group: -NH2 (see fig. 4) ...
... - molecules of life made of elements carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen - functional groups – determines the characteristics of that compound Hydroxyl goup: -OH (see fig. 2) Carboxylic acid group: -COOH (see fig. 3) Amine group: -NH2 (see fig. 4) ...
Genotyping and Copy Number Variation
... May prevent or promote transcription factor (TF) binding May prevent or promote RNA polymerase binding May produce an unstable TF/RNA pol structure May alter (reduce or increase) gene expression May have no effect ...
... May prevent or promote transcription factor (TF) binding May prevent or promote RNA polymerase binding May produce an unstable TF/RNA pol structure May alter (reduce or increase) gene expression May have no effect ...
Genomics: Understanding the Blueprint of Life
... A busy person reading a very, very long newspaper column! ...
... A busy person reading a very, very long newspaper column! ...
unit 4 study guide
... Know the differences between DNA and RNA Know the structure of DNA and RNA Know Protein Synthesis 1. Transcription 2. M-RNA Processing 3. Translation Know DNA Replication Know all about DNA, mRNA, and tRNA; Know diagrams of such molecules and be able to match parts to them. Know the monomers (buildi ...
... Know the differences between DNA and RNA Know the structure of DNA and RNA Know Protein Synthesis 1. Transcription 2. M-RNA Processing 3. Translation Know DNA Replication Know all about DNA, mRNA, and tRNA; Know diagrams of such molecules and be able to match parts to them. Know the monomers (buildi ...
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as transfer RNA (tRNA) or small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA.The process of gene expression is used by all known life - eukaryotes (including multicellular organisms), prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), and utilized by viruses - to generate the macromolecular machinery for life.Several steps in the gene expression process may be modulated, including the transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational modification of a protein. Gene regulation gives the cell control over structure and function, and is the basis for cellular differentiation, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism. Gene regulation may also serve as a substrate for evolutionary change, since control of the timing, location, and amount of gene expression can have a profound effect on the functions (actions) of the gene in a cell or in a multicellular organism.In genetics, gene expression is the most fundamental level at which the genotype gives rise to the phenotype, i.e. observable trait. The genetic code stored in DNA is ""interpreted"" by gene expression, and the properties of the expression give rise to the organism's phenotype. Such phenotypes are often expressed by the synthesis of proteins that control the organism's shape, or that act as enzymes catalysing specific metabolic pathways characterising the organism.