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Natural Selection and the Evidence of Evolution
Natural Selection and the Evidence of Evolution

... Modern Theory of Evolution Origins of Evolution Natural Selection & Types Influences of Evolution Patterns of Evolution & Speciation Evidences of Evolution ...
Click here for printer-friendly sample test questions
Click here for printer-friendly sample test questions

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Martian Natural Selection

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Natural Selection and Evolution
Natural Selection and Evolution

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Proof Of Evolution
Proof Of Evolution

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Natural selection articles for high school

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Ch 23 Activity List File

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CH10-11 Note Packet
CH10-11 Note Packet

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NAME OF GAME - local.brookings.k12.sd.us
NAME OF GAME - local.brookings.k12.sd.us

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WHICH PATTERN IS IT?
WHICH PATTERN IS IT?

... A population of birds lives in an area where plants with medium sized seeds are wiped out by a fungal infection. Birds with unusually large or small beaks would have higher fitness than those with medium sized beaks. Over time the population splits into two subgroups; one that eats small seeds and o ...
Natural Selection
Natural Selection

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Evolution and Economics
Evolution and Economics

... therefore, without regard to other considerations of any kind…Let it be understood that we cannot go outside this alternative: liberty, inequality, survival of the fittest; not liberty, equality, survival of the unfittest.” ...
Earth History: Organic Evolution
Earth History: Organic Evolution

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Spontaneous Generation
Spontaneous Generation

... Two forms of iguanas lived in the islands. Each type had affinities with the common South American green iguana, yet they had adapted so profoundly to different ecologic niches in the islands that they had evolved into separate genera. Conolophus, adept at living on the arid islands and feeding on t ...
BIOLOGY 1021 Unit 3 Assignment
BIOLOGY 1021 Unit 3 Assignment

... body of evidence to support the idea of evolution by natural selection. In this theory, adaptations have come about (and continue to change) based on the conditions of the environment. Natural selection is the process where those organisms with the traits best suited to their environment are the mos ...
Anthro 1050, University of Utah Evolution of Human Nature Study
Anthro 1050, University of Utah Evolution of Human Nature Study

... Pinker (I and thou) and Ridley (from Origin of Virtue) Both of these assignments are brief critiques of the idea of group selection. You need to understand why natural Rogers, Islands in the 21st century This chapter revis- selection tends to favor the “selfish,” what these authors its the evidence ...
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Inclusive fitness

In evolutionary biology inclusive fitness theory is a model for the evolution of social behaviors (traits), first set forward by W. D. Hamilton in 1963 and 1964. Instead of a trait's frequency increase being thought of only via its average effects on an organism's direct reproduction, Hamilton argued that its average effects on indirect reproduction, via identical copies of the trait in other individuals, also need to be taken into account. Hamilton's theory, alongside reciprocal altruism, is considered one of the two primary mechanisms for the evolution of social behaviors in natural species.From the gene's point of view, evolutionary success ultimately depends on leaving behind the maximum number of copies of itself in the population. Until 1964, it was generally believed that genes only achieved this by causing the individual to leave the maximum number of viable direct offspring. However, in 1964 W. D. Hamilton showed mathematically that, because other members of a population may share identical genes, a gene can also increase its evolutionary success by indirectly promoting the reproduction and survival of such individuals. The most obvious category of such individuals is close genetic relatives, and where these are concerned, the application of inclusive fitness theory is often more straightforwardly treated via the narrower kin selection theory.Belding's ground squirrel provides an example. The ground squirrel gives an alarm call to warn its local group of the presence of a predator. By emitting the alarm, it gives its own location away, putting itself in more danger. In the process, however, the squirrel may protect its relatives within the local group (along with the rest of the group). Therefore, if the effect of the trait influencing the alarm call typically protects the other squirrels in the immediate area, it will lead to the passing on of more of copies of the alarm call trait in the next generation than the squirrel could leave by reproducing on its own. In such a case natural selection will increase the trait that influences giving the alarm call, provided that a sufficient fraction of the shared genes include the gene(s) predisposing to the alarm call.Synalpheus regalis, a eusocial shrimp, also is an example of an organism whose social traits meet the inclusive fitness criterion. The larger defenders protect the young juveniles in the colony from outsiders. By ensuring the young's survival, the genes will continue to be passed on to future generations.Inclusive fitness is more generalized than strict kin selection, which requires that the shared genes are identical by descent. Inclusive fitness is not limited to cases where ""kin"" ('close genetic relatives') are involved.
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