Conscious Modulation in Normal Sleep
... awareness has to be in a full conscious state, although there are some conditions in which self-awareness could happen during REM sleep, and in the transition between sleep state and awake, that is not always the case when a person is deeply asleep. Self-awareness can be defined as to be self-being ...
... awareness has to be in a full conscious state, although there are some conditions in which self-awareness could happen during REM sleep, and in the transition between sleep state and awake, that is not always the case when a person is deeply asleep. Self-awareness can be defined as to be self-being ...
The Relationship Between Insomnia and Major Depressive Disorder
... 90% of the patients with improved sleep quality remained ...
... 90% of the patients with improved sleep quality remained ...
Neural Basis of Brain Dysfunction Produced by Early Sleep Problems
... Received: 9 October 2015; Accepted: 21 January 2016; Published: 29 January 2016 ...
... Received: 9 October 2015; Accepted: 21 January 2016; Published: 29 January 2016 ...
Physiological Mechanisms of Sleep and Waking
... (Ritalin), a catecholamine agonist (Vgontzas and Kales, 1999). The REM sleep phenomena (cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations) have traditionally been treated with antidepressant drugs, which facilitate both serotonergic and noradrenergic activity. ...
... (Ritalin), a catecholamine agonist (Vgontzas and Kales, 1999). The REM sleep phenomena (cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations) have traditionally been treated with antidepressant drugs, which facilitate both serotonergic and noradrenergic activity. ...
Ictal SPECT in patients with rapid eye movement
... Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder is a parasomnia characterized by acting out dreams with screaming, hitting, thrashing and frequent self-injury. It has gained major attention because 81% of the patients with the idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder form convert within 10–15 years ...
... Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder is a parasomnia characterized by acting out dreams with screaming, hitting, thrashing and frequent self-injury. It has gained major attention because 81% of the patients with the idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder form convert within 10–15 years ...
Durand and Barlow Chapter 8: Eating and Sleep Disorders
... Atypical Anorexia Nervosa - All criteria for AN are met, except that, despite significant weight loss, the individual’s weight is within or above the normal range. Subthreshold Bulimia Nervosa (low frequency or limited duration) - All criteria for BN are met, except that the binge eating and inappro ...
... Atypical Anorexia Nervosa - All criteria for AN are met, except that, despite significant weight loss, the individual’s weight is within or above the normal range. Subthreshold Bulimia Nervosa (low frequency or limited duration) - All criteria for BN are met, except that the binge eating and inappro ...
The Adenosine Story Goes Ionic: CaV2.1
... of a functionally responsive Ca2+ channel with preserved expression levels, but compromised primarily in G-protein-mediated inhibition.22 The hypothesis to be tested by Deboer et al.7 was clear: if CaV2.1 channels mediate some of adenosinergic actions on sleep, then these animals should show attenua ...
... of a functionally responsive Ca2+ channel with preserved expression levels, but compromised primarily in G-protein-mediated inhibition.22 The hypothesis to be tested by Deboer et al.7 was clear: if CaV2.1 channels mediate some of adenosinergic actions on sleep, then these animals should show attenua ...
Rapid eye movement sleep deprivation induces an increase in
... been shown by means of microdialysis. Higher acetylcholine (Ach) output occurs in the pons (2), medulla oblongata (3), hippocampus and cerebral cortex (4) in cats, and in the thalamus in rats (5), during REM sleep as compared to synchronized sleep. Previous data have shown an increase in the activit ...
... been shown by means of microdialysis. Higher acetylcholine (Ach) output occurs in the pons (2), medulla oblongata (3), hippocampus and cerebral cortex (4) in cats, and in the thalamus in rats (5), during REM sleep as compared to synchronized sleep. Previous data have shown an increase in the activit ...
Near Death Experiences
... Since it is located at the end of a tree of blood vessels, if blood pressure drops, perfusion in this area is first to go Thus if blood pressure drops when one is fainting, this explains why they may experience NDE-like symptoms ...
... Since it is located at the end of a tree of blood vessels, if blood pressure drops, perfusion in this area is first to go Thus if blood pressure drops when one is fainting, this explains why they may experience NDE-like symptoms ...
Hypothalamic regulation of sleep and circadian rhythms
... engineers, who design them to produce discrete states with sharp transitions4. Flip-flop circuits tend to avoid transitional states, because when either side begins to overcome the other, the switch ‘flips’ into the alternative state. This flip-flop circuit model might explain why wake–sleep transit ...
... engineers, who design them to produce discrete states with sharp transitions4. Flip-flop circuits tend to avoid transitional states, because when either side begins to overcome the other, the switch ‘flips’ into the alternative state. This flip-flop circuit model might explain why wake–sleep transit ...
Rapid eye movement sleep promotes cortical
... to 15 Hz, P = 0.48) or ERK1 (d, P = 0.80; s, P = 0.56) or ERK2 phosphorylation (d, P = 0.91; s, P = 0.68). The correlation of REM sleep EEG activity with ODP and ERK phosphorylation prompted us to more closely examine single-neuron activity during this sleep state. For example, in adult rodent hippo ...
... to 15 Hz, P = 0.48) or ERK1 (d, P = 0.80; s, P = 0.56) or ERK2 phosphorylation (d, P = 0.91; s, P = 0.68). The correlation of REM sleep EEG activity with ODP and ERK phosphorylation prompted us to more closely examine single-neuron activity during this sleep state. For example, in adult rodent hippo ...
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INSOMNIA AND DEPRESSION
... SSRIs (Buysse, 2004), designed to extend the amount of time that serotonin is present in synaptic clefts in the brain. The medications successfully reduce or eliminate depressive symptoms for many patients. However, SSRIs have mixed effects on sleeping patterns. They can cause insomnia in some patie ...
... SSRIs (Buysse, 2004), designed to extend the amount of time that serotonin is present in synaptic clefts in the brain. The medications successfully reduce or eliminate depressive symptoms for many patients. However, SSRIs have mixed effects on sleeping patterns. They can cause insomnia in some patie ...
Control of Wake and Sleep States
... Low-frequency theta (4-7 Hz) has been recorded in human hippocampus during sleep as short (1 sec) bursts not correlated with rapid eye movements. It was not seen in basal temporal lobe or frontal cortex in REM. The generation of theta rhythm begins in brain stem in region just dorsal to LC called th ...
... Low-frequency theta (4-7 Hz) has been recorded in human hippocampus during sleep as short (1 sec) bursts not correlated with rapid eye movements. It was not seen in basal temporal lobe or frontal cortex in REM. The generation of theta rhythm begins in brain stem in region just dorsal to LC called th ...
Sleep imaging and the neuro- psychological assessment of dreams
... characteristics to be analyzed as a function of sleep stages [c], although with the limitation that their content might be poorer than home-based reports (e.g. fewer emotions) and often incorporates the novelty of the experimental setting [d]. By the very fact that they are produced during sleep and ...
... characteristics to be analyzed as a function of sleep stages [c], although with the limitation that their content might be poorer than home-based reports (e.g. fewer emotions) and often incorporates the novelty of the experimental setting [d]. By the very fact that they are produced during sleep and ...
Psychopharmacology - Ohio State University
... Self administration in rats and monkeys showed the high reinforcement potential of the barbiturates. Street use could be oral ingestion of high doses as a substitute for alcohol, or even worse, with alcohol to enhance the effects. IV injection seems to give a sensation close to the heroin “high” ...
... Self administration in rats and monkeys showed the high reinforcement potential of the barbiturates. Street use could be oral ingestion of high doses as a substitute for alcohol, or even worse, with alcohol to enhance the effects. IV injection seems to give a sensation close to the heroin “high” ...
Stress and Sleep Disturbances in Female College Students
... .001), and they slept less during weekdays compared to weekend days (t[102]=6.50, p < .001). Altogether, data indicate they were sleep deprived and their activity (sleep-wake) circadian rhythms were not well-synchronized, which may increase their vulnerability to adverse health outcomes.27 About hal ...
... .001), and they slept less during weekdays compared to weekend days (t[102]=6.50, p < .001). Altogether, data indicate they were sleep deprived and their activity (sleep-wake) circadian rhythms were not well-synchronized, which may increase their vulnerability to adverse health outcomes.27 About hal ...
Facial nerve
... Often the initial symptom is retroauricular pain. No systemic manifestations Hyperacusis (stapedius muscle paralysis), Dysgeusia Decreased lacrimation • The paralysis is partial in 30% of cases and complete in 70% of cases. • Idiopathic facial paralysis is more common in diabetic patients and in pr ...
... Often the initial symptom is retroauricular pain. No systemic manifestations Hyperacusis (stapedius muscle paralysis), Dysgeusia Decreased lacrimation • The paralysis is partial in 30% of cases and complete in 70% of cases. • Idiopathic facial paralysis is more common in diabetic patients and in pr ...
Hypocretinergic Neurons are Primarily involved in Activation
... Therefore, the hypocretinergic system is well positioned to initiate, maintain and facilitate motor activity by operating directly on motoneurons and/or by modifying the activity of supraspinal systems that are involved in motor functions. A recent study in rats suggested that the activity of the hy ...
... Therefore, the hypocretinergic system is well positioned to initiate, maintain and facilitate motor activity by operating directly on motoneurons and/or by modifying the activity of supraspinal systems that are involved in motor functions. A recent study in rats suggested that the activity of the hy ...
Sleep-Wake Disorders
... congenital disorder in which the individual typically presents in the prenatal period with shallow breathing, or cyanosis and apnea during sleep. Comorbid sleep-related hypoventilation: This subtype occurs as a consequence of a medical condition, such as a pulmonary disorder (e.g., interstitial lung ...
... congenital disorder in which the individual typically presents in the prenatal period with shallow breathing, or cyanosis and apnea during sleep. Comorbid sleep-related hypoventilation: This subtype occurs as a consequence of a medical condition, such as a pulmonary disorder (e.g., interstitial lung ...
rem sleep - Website Staff UI
... • The discovery of a strong correlation between REM sleep and visual dreaming in humans has reversed many commonly held notes on about dreams. Every one dreams in regular cycles several times at night but they are not well remembered. • The probability of recall in a dream falls to zero within 8 min ...
... • The discovery of a strong correlation between REM sleep and visual dreaming in humans has reversed many commonly held notes on about dreams. Every one dreams in regular cycles several times at night but they are not well remembered. • The probability of recall in a dream falls to zero within 8 min ...
Neuroscience of Sleep - University of Ilorin
... • The discovery of a strong correlation between REM sleep and visual dreaming in humans has reversed many commonly held notes on about dreams. Every one dreams in regular cycles several times at night but they are not well remembered. • The probability of recall in a dream falls to zero within 8 min ...
... • The discovery of a strong correlation between REM sleep and visual dreaming in humans has reversed many commonly held notes on about dreams. Every one dreams in regular cycles several times at night but they are not well remembered. • The probability of recall in a dream falls to zero within 8 min ...
Stress Disorders Sleep Disorders
... Usually occur during stage 4, when a person is difficult to rouse but not dreaming ...
... Usually occur during stage 4, when a person is difficult to rouse but not dreaming ...
Sleep and Biological Rhythms - University of South Alabama
... • Sleep-related eating disorder • A disorder in which the person leaves his or her bed and seeks out and eats food while sleepwalking, usually without _________________________. • TV host Montel Williams has this disorder. ...
... • Sleep-related eating disorder • A disorder in which the person leaves his or her bed and seeks out and eats food while sleepwalking, usually without _________________________. • TV host Montel Williams has this disorder. ...
Low Quality
... of brain waves. Stage one, marking the transition between awake and asleep, is shallow. Stage two, which lasts the longest, features two forms of brain waves known as spindles and K-complexes (SN Online: 5/21/09). Stages three and four are the deepest, often referred to collectively as slow-wave sle ...
... of brain waves. Stage one, marking the transition between awake and asleep, is shallow. Stage two, which lasts the longest, features two forms of brain waves known as spindles and K-complexes (SN Online: 5/21/09). Stages three and four are the deepest, often referred to collectively as slow-wave sle ...
Sleep paralysis
Sleep paralysis is a phenomenon in which a person either during falling asleep (Hypnagogia) or awakening (Hypnopompic), temporarily experiences an inability to move, speak, or react. It is a transitional state between wakefulness and sleep, characterized by muscle atonia (muscle weakness). It is often accompanied by terrifying hallucinations (such as an intruder in the room) to which one is unable to react due to paralysis, and physical experiences (such as strong current running through the upper body). One hypothesis is that it results from disrupted REM sleep, which normally induces complete muscle atonia to prevent sleepers from acting out their dreams. Sleep paralysis has been linked to disorders such as narcolepsy, migraines, anxiety disorders, and obstructive sleep apnea; however, it can also occur in isolation.