The Arabidopsis ERECTA Gene Encodes a Putative Receptor
... genomic DNA junctions (data not shown). By using the pBR322derived replication origin and ampicillin-resistance marker present in this portion of the T-DNA, both genomic junctions were recovered separately by plasmid rescue (Figure 4A). They showed a polymorphismbetween ef-704 and the WS wild type ( ...
... genomic DNA junctions (data not shown). By using the pBR322derived replication origin and ampicillin-resistance marker present in this portion of the T-DNA, both genomic junctions were recovered separately by plasmid rescue (Figure 4A). They showed a polymorphismbetween ef-704 and the WS wild type ( ...
Cell/Neuron Degeneration
... to reflect the chaotic breakdown of the cell. However, given that many cells of diverse origins exhibit stereotyped responses to cellular injury, it is conceivable that a conserved `execution' program, activated in response to injury, may exist. It should be noted that some have argued that more tha ...
... to reflect the chaotic breakdown of the cell. However, given that many cells of diverse origins exhibit stereotyped responses to cellular injury, it is conceivable that a conserved `execution' program, activated in response to injury, may exist. It should be noted that some have argued that more tha ...
J Biol Chem, v 275, pp 12237-12242
... T-type family, or Cav3, encoded by ␣1G (Cav3.1), ␣1H, and ␣1I (2). The  subunit family is less diverse, with only four genes cloned so far (3). Co-expression studies have established two physiological roles of  subunits in high voltage-activated Ca2⫹ channels: they dramatically increase ␣1 express ...
... T-type family, or Cav3, encoded by ␣1G (Cav3.1), ␣1H, and ␣1I (2). The  subunit family is less diverse, with only four genes cloned so far (3). Co-expression studies have established two physiological roles of  subunits in high voltage-activated Ca2⫹ channels: they dramatically increase ␣1 express ...
Enzymes for Cancer
... and most active enzyme in this powder. Papain possesses a very powerful digestive action superior to pancreatin, or pancreatic enzymes. Changes in intestinal alkalinity or acidity do not interfere with the unique digestive activity of papain. Taken on an empty stomach, it will work more aggressively ...
... and most active enzyme in this powder. Papain possesses a very powerful digestive action superior to pancreatin, or pancreatic enzymes. Changes in intestinal alkalinity or acidity do not interfere with the unique digestive activity of papain. Taken on an empty stomach, it will work more aggressively ...
Early cleavage stages
... • bicoid, hunchback (embryo with no head and thorax region) • nanos, caudal (embryo with no posterior abdominal region) • torso, torso-like (embryo with no ends) ...
... • bicoid, hunchback (embryo with no head and thorax region) • nanos, caudal (embryo with no posterior abdominal region) • torso, torso-like (embryo with no ends) ...
Gene Section
... signaling promiscuity of AR, AR gene amplification, as well as alterations in proteins that regulate AR levels/function contribute to de-regulated AR signaling. ...
... signaling promiscuity of AR, AR gene amplification, as well as alterations in proteins that regulate AR levels/function contribute to de-regulated AR signaling. ...
anthracis Bacillus Recombinant Lethal Factor of Expression and
... mg of ampicillin per ml and 25 mg of kanamycin per ml. The plates were incubated for 16 h at 37°C. Colonies appearing on the plate were screened for the recombinant plasmid pPG-LF1 by minipreparations of plasmid DNA (26). The desired recombinant plasmid was confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion ...
... mg of ampicillin per ml and 25 mg of kanamycin per ml. The plates were incubated for 16 h at 37°C. Colonies appearing on the plate were screened for the recombinant plasmid pPG-LF1 by minipreparations of plasmid DNA (26). The desired recombinant plasmid was confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion ...
lectSides05
... Regional Differences in Gene Expression Account for Much of the Specificity of Ion Channel Diseases e.g., Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels Found in the CNS And Those Found in Skeletal Muscle ...
... Regional Differences in Gene Expression Account for Much of the Specificity of Ion Channel Diseases e.g., Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels Found in the CNS And Those Found in Skeletal Muscle ...
Cell Structure and Function
... Each molecule of DNA consists of 1000’s of genes ‡ can code many 1000 proteins. Genes are normally tightly coiled and bound to histones: cannot be activated. In order for gene to be activated, enzymes must temporarily break down hydrogen bonds between bases and detach gene from the histones. Process ...
... Each molecule of DNA consists of 1000’s of genes ‡ can code many 1000 proteins. Genes are normally tightly coiled and bound to histones: cannot be activated. In order for gene to be activated, enzymes must temporarily break down hydrogen bonds between bases and detach gene from the histones. Process ...
Comparison Of The Gut Microbiomes Of Pigs, Mice, And Humans
... The gut microbiota constitutes one of the most complex mammalian microbial communities and has a major impact on host health status. The goal of this study was to analyze and compare the gut microbiomes of pigs, mice, humans and humanized mice to determine whether the microbial communities from the ...
... The gut microbiota constitutes one of the most complex mammalian microbial communities and has a major impact on host health status. The goal of this study was to analyze and compare the gut microbiomes of pigs, mice, humans and humanized mice to determine whether the microbial communities from the ...
Chapter 14: Signaling Pathways That Control Gene Activity
... complex translocates into the nucleus, where it interacts with various transcription factors to induce expression of targeted genes. Oncoproteins (Ski and SnoN) and (Smad7) act as negative regulators of TGFb signaling. TGFb signaling generally inhibits cell proliferation. Loss of various components ...
... complex translocates into the nucleus, where it interacts with various transcription factors to induce expression of targeted genes. Oncoproteins (Ski and SnoN) and (Smad7) act as negative regulators of TGFb signaling. TGFb signaling generally inhibits cell proliferation. Loss of various components ...
Genetically Modified Zoysia Grass (Zoysia japonica Steud
... RMS2 encodes the pea ortholog of the Arabidopsis auxin receptor belonging to the AUXIN-SIGNALING FBOX4 (AFB4)/AFB5 clade suggesting that the shoot-to-root feedback signal is very likely auxin. To investigate whether the pea RMS2 and AFB4/5 from Arabidopsis have the same functions, we analyzed rms2 p ...
... RMS2 encodes the pea ortholog of the Arabidopsis auxin receptor belonging to the AUXIN-SIGNALING FBOX4 (AFB4)/AFB5 clade suggesting that the shoot-to-root feedback signal is very likely auxin. To investigate whether the pea RMS2 and AFB4/5 from Arabidopsis have the same functions, we analyzed rms2 p ...
Mutational analysis of conserved glutamic acids of
... co-solute. We have addressed the functional importance of two glutamic acid residues at positions 55 and 491. Both residues are highly conserved amongst members of the inorganic phosphate transporter (PiT) family, which might be an indication of functional importance. Moreover, both residues have be ...
... co-solute. We have addressed the functional importance of two glutamic acid residues at positions 55 and 491. Both residues are highly conserved amongst members of the inorganic phosphate transporter (PiT) family, which might be an indication of functional importance. Moreover, both residues have be ...
Functional Analysis of Olfactory Receptors Expressed in a HEK
... stores (IP3 pathway). It was reported that the intracellular signaling induced by the binding of odorants to the olfactory receptor proteins can be detected by surface plasmon resonance [16]. The I7 receptor transduces signals via a cAMP pathway [15], indicating that the inflow of Ca2+ ions from out ...
... stores (IP3 pathway). It was reported that the intracellular signaling induced by the binding of odorants to the olfactory receptor proteins can be detected by surface plasmon resonance [16]. The I7 receptor transduces signals via a cAMP pathway [15], indicating that the inflow of Ca2+ ions from out ...
Analysis of a cells shows that TK2 is phosphorylated. Is the signal
... 1. It would become a temporary circuit, and shut off even when signal is still present. 2. It would become a permanent circuit, and stay on even when signal is absent. 3. It would not change. The self renewal signaling pathway in a particular stem cell type has an additional kinase, TK3 that targets ...
... 1. It would become a temporary circuit, and shut off even when signal is still present. 2. It would become a permanent circuit, and stay on even when signal is absent. 3. It would not change. The self renewal signaling pathway in a particular stem cell type has an additional kinase, TK3 that targets ...
lecture notes
... of the embryo that form the neurogenic ectoderm. This tissue ultimately produces the central nervous system of the adult fly. In principle, both high and low levels of the Dorsal gradient can activate Sog expression in both the mesoderm and neurogenic ectoderm. However, the Sog enhancer contains bin ...
... of the embryo that form the neurogenic ectoderm. This tissue ultimately produces the central nervous system of the adult fly. In principle, both high and low levels of the Dorsal gradient can activate Sog expression in both the mesoderm and neurogenic ectoderm. However, the Sog enhancer contains bin ...
Lineage-specific Gene Expression in the Sea
... how the zygote gives rise to a functionally differentiated embryo, even given the well-established cytoplasmic anisotropy of most eggs (reviewed by Davidson 1976). It is a problem that is far from being solved for any embryo. Furthermore, diverse solutions may well be utilized in different modes of ...
... how the zygote gives rise to a functionally differentiated embryo, even given the well-established cytoplasmic anisotropy of most eggs (reviewed by Davidson 1976). It is a problem that is far from being solved for any embryo. Furthermore, diverse solutions may well be utilized in different modes of ...
Transducin (1)
... • Cone opsins have similar structures as rhodopsin, but with different amino acid residues surrounding the bound 11-cis retinal; thus they cause the chromophore’s absorption to different wavelengths. • Each of the cone photoreceptors vs rhodopsin 40% identical. • The blue photoreceptor vs green an ...
... • Cone opsins have similar structures as rhodopsin, but with different amino acid residues surrounding the bound 11-cis retinal; thus they cause the chromophore’s absorption to different wavelengths. • Each of the cone photoreceptors vs rhodopsin 40% identical. • The blue photoreceptor vs green an ...
Problem Set #6 4/19/2002 7.06 Spring `02 Page: 1 of 8
... killer protein is rendered inactive before nuclear import is allowed to resume. There are many possible ways to accomplish this. For example, you might try leaving the cells at high temperature in the presence of glucose (so there is no new synthesis) for increasing periods of time to allow the prev ...
... killer protein is rendered inactive before nuclear import is allowed to resume. There are many possible ways to accomplish this. For example, you might try leaving the cells at high temperature in the presence of glucose (so there is no new synthesis) for increasing periods of time to allow the prev ...
artificial insemination
... The most common cause of infertility is the inability to conceive. Doctors can determine why a couple is unable to conceive or bear children in about 90 per cent of cases, and they can correct infertility about 50 per cent of the time. Out of every 100 cases, about 40 can be traced to problems in th ...
... The most common cause of infertility is the inability to conceive. Doctors can determine why a couple is unable to conceive or bear children in about 90 per cent of cases, and they can correct infertility about 50 per cent of the time. Out of every 100 cases, about 40 can be traced to problems in th ...
Life Sciences 1a Practice Problems 9 Active Cdk1
... cell cycle. Synthesis of the protein begins immediately after cell division and continues throughout interphase. [As cyclin accumulates it binds to Cdk1, activating the protein kinase activity of this enzyme and the active protein kinase activates the machinery that destroys cyclin.] At the end of m ...
... cell cycle. Synthesis of the protein begins immediately after cell division and continues throughout interphase. [As cyclin accumulates it binds to Cdk1, activating the protein kinase activity of this enzyme and the active protein kinase activates the machinery that destroys cyclin.] At the end of m ...
An Endothelin Type A Receptor Antagonist Reverses Upregulated
... – Upregulation of ET-1 in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat retina - one of the factors to decrease the retinal blood flow in early DR ...
... – Upregulation of ET-1 in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat retina - one of the factors to decrease the retinal blood flow in early DR ...
Gene Section S100A1 (S100 calcium binding protein A1) in Oncology and Haematology
... (Zimmer et al., 2003). S100A1 undergoes an ~90 degree rotation of helix 3 upon binding calcium (figure 2), exposing a hydrophobic pocket that serves as the binding site for intracellular and extracellular proteins targets (Landar et al., 1998; Wright et al., 2009b; Zimmer and Weber, 2010). The amino ...
... (Zimmer et al., 2003). S100A1 undergoes an ~90 degree rotation of helix 3 upon binding calcium (figure 2), exposing a hydrophobic pocket that serves as the binding site for intracellular and extracellular proteins targets (Landar et al., 1998; Wright et al., 2009b; Zimmer and Weber, 2010). The amino ...
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate
Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate, (NAADP), is a Ca2+-mobilizing second messenger synthesised in response to extracellular stimuli. Like its mechanistic cousins, IP3 and cyclic adenosine diphosphoribose (Cyclic ADP-ribose), NAADP binds to and opens Ca2+ channels on intracellular organelles, thereby increasing the intracellular Ca2+ concentration which, in turn, modulates sundry cellular processes (see Calcium signalling). Structurally, it is a dinucleotide that only differs from the house-keeping enzyme cofactor, NADP by a hydroxyl group (replacing the nicotinamide amino group) and yet this minor modification converts it into the most potent Ca2+-mobilizing second messenger yet described. NAADP acts across phyla from plants to man.