Hayward2008 - Napa Watersheds
... • U.S. greenhouse gas emissions fell by 1.5 percent in 2006, the first time U.S. GHG emissions have fallen in a non-recessionary year. It is likely that the United States is the only industrialized nation where GHG emissions fell in 2006. (Emissions data for other nations for 2006 are not yet avai ...
... • U.S. greenhouse gas emissions fell by 1.5 percent in 2006, the first time U.S. GHG emissions have fallen in a non-recessionary year. It is likely that the United States is the only industrialized nation where GHG emissions fell in 2006. (Emissions data for other nations for 2006 are not yet avai ...
What do the Appendices to the Copenhagen Accord tell us about global greenhouse gas emissions and the prospects for avoiding a rise in global average temperature of more than 2°C? (436 kB) (opens in new window)
... reasonable chance of meeting the 2˚C goal includes a peak within the next 10 years and further reductions afterwards. This analysis depends on a number of key assumptions that are subject to uncertainty and risks that apply to our estimates for mitigation: • Countries achieve their specified goals f ...
... reasonable chance of meeting the 2˚C goal includes a peak within the next 10 years and further reductions afterwards. This analysis depends on a number of key assumptions that are subject to uncertainty and risks that apply to our estimates for mitigation: • Countries achieve their specified goals f ...
PDF
... difference in abatement costs between the regions. However, a technology transfer may also be thought of as an investment in a new and more efficient abatement technology, which might increase total factor productivity in the Southern formal sector. The issue of unilateral technology transfers from ...
... difference in abatement costs between the regions. However, a technology transfer may also be thought of as an investment in a new and more efficient abatement technology, which might increase total factor productivity in the Southern formal sector. The issue of unilateral technology transfers from ...
Status of the Copenhagen Climate Change Negotiations CRS Report for Congress
... Two Tracks on the Way to Copenhagen: One Agreement or Two? The negotiations currently are running on two tracks, one under the Kyoto Protocol and the other under the UNFCCC’s “Bali Action Plan” of 2007. The Kyoto Protocol’s first commitment period runs from 2008 to 2012, during which wealthier (“Ann ...
... Two Tracks on the Way to Copenhagen: One Agreement or Two? The negotiations currently are running on two tracks, one under the Kyoto Protocol and the other under the UNFCCC’s “Bali Action Plan” of 2007. The Kyoto Protocol’s first commitment period runs from 2008 to 2012, during which wealthier (“Ann ...
Paper - IIOA!
... increase in the planet’s temperatures and changes in its rainfall’s patterns. Although this tendency has been scientifically verified, there still is some degree of uncertainty with respect to the magnitude and velocity of these changes at a regional scale. However, based on the current state of kno ...
... increase in the planet’s temperatures and changes in its rainfall’s patterns. Although this tendency has been scientifically verified, there still is some degree of uncertainty with respect to the magnitude and velocity of these changes at a regional scale. However, based on the current state of kno ...
Good-Bye Kyoto - Carbon Market Watch
... The Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement are separate and independent instruments of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), they are not directly related to one another and also represent different eras and contexts. The Kyoto Protocol created the CDM to serve a bifurc ...
... The Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement are separate and independent instruments of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), they are not directly related to one another and also represent different eras and contexts. The Kyoto Protocol created the CDM to serve a bifurc ...
The Montreal Protocol Protection of Ozone and Climate
... to increased consumer application demand. For example, as the number of air conditioners and refrigerators in use increases, the overall leakage of ODSs to the atmosphere from these units also increases. Total ODS emissions peaked in the late 1980s. Natural sources of ODSs account for only a small f ...
... to increased consumer application demand. For example, as the number of air conditioners and refrigerators in use increases, the overall leakage of ODSs to the atmosphere from these units also increases. Total ODS emissions peaked in the late 1980s. Natural sources of ODSs account for only a small f ...
Linkages between the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols
... bromide. By 1996, it had be successful in reducing global production and consumption of these substances by nearly 80% from the level before international controls.1 In comparison to the mature ozone regime, the international co-operation for the protection of the Earth’s climate are still at an ear ...
... bromide. By 1996, it had be successful in reducing global production and consumption of these substances by nearly 80% from the level before international controls.1 In comparison to the mature ozone regime, the international co-operation for the protection of the Earth’s climate are still at an ear ...
Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI)
... Real Reductions – Activity must be lower aggregate emissions from an agreed-upon baseline emissions level in the past Permanence – Activity cannot be easily undone (efficiency upgrades, reforestation projects) Quantifiability and Verifiability – Detailed monitoring and verification plan specific to ...
... Real Reductions – Activity must be lower aggregate emissions from an agreed-upon baseline emissions level in the past Permanence – Activity cannot be easily undone (efficiency upgrades, reforestation projects) Quantifiability and Verifiability – Detailed monitoring and verification plan specific to ...
Document
... Real Reductions – Activity must be lower aggregate emissions from an agreed-upon baseline emissions level in the past Permanence – Activity cannot be easily undone (efficiency upgrades, reforestation projects) Quantifiability and Verifiability – Detailed monitoring and verification plan specific to ...
... Real Reductions – Activity must be lower aggregate emissions from an agreed-upon baseline emissions level in the past Permanence – Activity cannot be easily undone (efficiency upgrades, reforestation projects) Quantifiability and Verifiability – Detailed monitoring and verification plan specific to ...
FCCC Framework Convention on Climate Change United Nations
... growth. Belgium, Denmark, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, Sweden and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland succeeded in keeping their total GHG emissions without LULUCF in 2008 at or below their 1990 levels. While various factors contributed ...
... growth. Belgium, Denmark, European Union, Finland, France, Germany, Luxembourg, Monaco, Netherlands, Sweden and United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland succeeded in keeping their total GHG emissions without LULUCF in 2008 at or below their 1990 levels. While various factors contributed ...
Guide to Climate Change Convention
... A new round of negotiations was therefore launched at COP 4 (Buenos Aires, November 1998) to draft the Kyoto Protocol’s rulebook. This round, based on an ambitious work programme known as the Buenos Aires Plan of Action, linked together negotiations on the Protocol’s rulebook with talks on implement ...
... A new round of negotiations was therefore launched at COP 4 (Buenos Aires, November 1998) to draft the Kyoto Protocol’s rulebook. This round, based on an ambitious work programme known as the Buenos Aires Plan of Action, linked together negotiations on the Protocol’s rulebook with talks on implement ...
United Nations Development Assistance Framework
... At Marrakech Parties did not succeed to attain consent in relation to legal character of the mode of observance of obligations, in particular in relation to that, whether must be statutory normative approvals for non-fulfillment by the countries of the obligations. The decision-making this is carrie ...
... At Marrakech Parties did not succeed to attain consent in relation to legal character of the mode of observance of obligations, in particular in relation to that, whether must be statutory normative approvals for non-fulfillment by the countries of the obligations. The decision-making this is carrie ...
Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth
... We will leave these econometric issues aside however and instead focus on the fact that the overwhelming majority of empirical CKC studies use domestic production-based CO2 emissions data to test the Kuznets hypothesis—and hence overlook the emissions embodied in international trade and in global co ...
... We will leave these econometric issues aside however and instead focus on the fact that the overwhelming majority of empirical CKC studies use domestic production-based CO2 emissions data to test the Kuznets hypothesis—and hence overlook the emissions embodied in international trade and in global co ...
The End of the Kyoto Protocol - Digital Commons @ Georgia Law
... non-Annex I countries, composed of mainly developing nations, to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.17 The Kyoto Protocol thus symbolizes the world’s realization that greenhouse gas emission levels are an international issue that must be addressed on a global scale.18 In spite of this realization ...
... non-Annex I countries, composed of mainly developing nations, to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions.17 The Kyoto Protocol thus symbolizes the world’s realization that greenhouse gas emission levels are an international issue that must be addressed on a global scale.18 In spite of this realization ...
Report Gas Greenhouse
... GHGs. They also bury some carbon in the sediments2. In the global description of the carbon cycle, freshwater ecosystems have traditionally been relegated to neutral pipes or gutters, explaining that water systems only transport the carbon and do not play an active role. For example, in describing ...
... GHGs. They also bury some carbon in the sediments2. In the global description of the carbon cycle, freshwater ecosystems have traditionally been relegated to neutral pipes or gutters, explaining that water systems only transport the carbon and do not play an active role. For example, in describing ...
Averchenkova, Stern and Zenghelis policy paper December 2014 (opens in new window)
... finance, technology cooperation and capacity-building to support it. The main criteria for determining national mitigation pledges are domestic political agendas reflecting popular opinion, institutional arrangements, and leadership stances. To some extent these INDCs are likely to reflect national ...
... finance, technology cooperation and capacity-building to support it. The main criteria for determining national mitigation pledges are domestic political agendas reflecting popular opinion, institutional arrangements, and leadership stances. To some extent these INDCs are likely to reflect national ...
Population, Wealth, and Climate Change
... Introduction. The main aim of this paper is to review the evidence that challenges the widely held viewi that population growth is the most important underlying cause of increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fossil fuel use. The paper also aims to review the policy implications of our analy ...
... Introduction. The main aim of this paper is to review the evidence that challenges the widely held viewi that population growth is the most important underlying cause of increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fossil fuel use. The paper also aims to review the policy implications of our analy ...
Southeast Florida Regional Climate Compact
... The parties to the Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact [Broward, Miami-Dade, Monroe and Palm Beach Counties] recognize that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activity are catalyzing profound changes in climate and weather, the consequences of which pose substantial risks to the ...
... The parties to the Southeast Florida Regional Climate Change Compact [Broward, Miami-Dade, Monroe and Palm Beach Counties] recognize that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activity are catalyzing profound changes in climate and weather, the consequences of which pose substantial risks to the ...
What are the main money instruments used by the CDM?
... The second stage is the creation of a Project Design Document (PDD), designed to predict the amount of carbon offset by a venture. The authorities involved in the creation of this document include implementers (companies), sellers and ...
... The second stage is the creation of a Project Design Document (PDD), designed to predict the amount of carbon offset by a venture. The authorities involved in the creation of this document include implementers (companies), sellers and ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CHINA'S PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL NEGOTIATIONS Huifang Tian
... almost certainly be both the design and implementation of post-Kyoto arrangements aiming to mitigate climate change. In the shorter term, these are to be negotiated by the Committee of Parties (COP15) under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with the negotiating process to conclu ...
... almost certainly be both the design and implementation of post-Kyoto arrangements aiming to mitigate climate change. In the shorter term, these are to be negotiated by the Committee of Parties (COP15) under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) with the negotiating process to conclu ...
PDF
... Emissions measures for the national inventory and for on-farm abatement decisions require different levels of precision to provide information and accuracy at relevant scales. Estimates in the national inventory draw on a variety of data sources, country specific and default emissions factors and me ...
... Emissions measures for the national inventory and for on-farm abatement decisions require different levels of precision to provide information and accuracy at relevant scales. Estimates in the national inventory draw on a variety of data sources, country specific and default emissions factors and me ...
PDF
... Some Annex I countries have announced two targets. We have therefore distinguished between a Low and a High Commitment level (LC and HC henceforth).4 The HC is usually conditional on other regions collectively taking aggressive action to reduce GHGs emissions. GHGs emissions in Annex I countries as ...
... Some Annex I countries have announced two targets. We have therefore distinguished between a Low and a High Commitment level (LC and HC henceforth).4 The HC is usually conditional on other regions collectively taking aggressive action to reduce GHGs emissions. GHGs emissions in Annex I countries as ...
english - Sustainable Development of Tourism
... are that domestic and international tourism contributed about 5 per cent of global carbon dioxide emissions and a little less in terms of radiative forcing (considering all GHGs). The United Nations system is developing a long term post Kyoto response to climate change. The World Tourism Organizatio ...
... are that domestic and international tourism contributed about 5 per cent of global carbon dioxide emissions and a little less in terms of radiative forcing (considering all GHGs). The United Nations system is developing a long term post Kyoto response to climate change. The World Tourism Organizatio ...
3.6 Greenhouse Gas Emissions
... The Executive Order directed the Secretary of the California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) to coordinate a multi-agency effort to reduce GHG emissions to the target levels. The Secretary will also submit biannual reports to the governor and state legislature describing progress made towar ...
... The Executive Order directed the Secretary of the California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) to coordinate a multi-agency effort to reduce GHG emissions to the target levels. The Secretary will also submit biannual reports to the governor and state legislature describing progress made towar ...