How to Avoid Dangerous Climate Change
... sheets—causing global sea level to rise between 12 and 40 feet. In light of this evidence, policy makers in the European Union have committed their countries to a robust long-term target of limiting warming to 2°C above pre-industrial levels. The United States, under the United Nations Framework Con ...
... sheets—causing global sea level to rise between 12 and 40 feet. In light of this evidence, policy makers in the European Union have committed their countries to a robust long-term target of limiting warming to 2°C above pre-industrial levels. The United States, under the United Nations Framework Con ...
From Kyoto to Copenhagen - Law, Environment and Development
... one ton of CO2 eq. in developed countries, the same can be achieved in developing countries at the cheaper rate of US $15 per ton of CO2 eq.20 Thus, through the CDM, developed countries can achieve GHG mitigation in developing countries at costs three times cheaper than what would have been expended ...
... one ton of CO2 eq. in developed countries, the same can be achieved in developing countries at the cheaper rate of US $15 per ton of CO2 eq.20 Thus, through the CDM, developed countries can achieve GHG mitigation in developing countries at costs three times cheaper than what would have been expended ...
The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from
... i.e., CF4, CH3Br and CH3Cl, with 35 ppt, 5.8 ppt and 480 ppt, respectively. However, the recommended concentrations for the long-lived GHGs, CO2, CH4, and N2O show a small increase over that period, starting from the levels 278.1 ppm, 721.9 ppb, and 273.0 ppb in 1765 and increasing to 284.7 ppm, 791 ...
... i.e., CF4, CH3Br and CH3Cl, with 35 ppt, 5.8 ppt and 480 ppt, respectively. However, the recommended concentrations for the long-lived GHGs, CO2, CH4, and N2O show a small increase over that period, starting from the levels 278.1 ppm, 721.9 ppb, and 273.0 ppb in 1765 and increasing to 284.7 ppm, 791 ...
Update on CCS in the Global Climate Picture Tim Dixon 23 January 2015
... • Developed country emission commitments o CCS included in KP Art 2.1 o IPCC GHG Guidelines 2006 allows CCS to be reported ...
... • Developed country emission commitments o CCS included in KP Art 2.1 o IPCC GHG Guidelines 2006 allows CCS to be reported ...
Climate Change and Australia`s Tree Clearing Crisis
... function of taking carbon out of the atmosphere. Vast quantities of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are released, exacerbating climate change. Australia has historically had one of the highest rates of tree clearing of any developed country.2 However, between 2006–2012, legislative reform ...
... function of taking carbon out of the atmosphere. Vast quantities of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are released, exacerbating climate change. Australia has historically had one of the highest rates of tree clearing of any developed country.2 However, between 2006–2012, legislative reform ...
ireland national climate change strategy 2007-2012
... The Ireland of 2007 is remarkably different from that of 1990. Our economy has grown by 150%. Our population has increased by almost three- quarters of a million and the number at work by 800,000. There has been a phenomenal rate of infrastructural development and housebuilding. It was inevitable th ...
... The Ireland of 2007 is remarkably different from that of 1990. Our economy has grown by 150%. Our population has increased by almost three- quarters of a million and the number at work by 800,000. There has been a phenomenal rate of infrastructural development and housebuilding. It was inevitable th ...
8. equal per capita entitlements
... national debt, number of schools, and so on by the total national population generates indicators for use in comparing performance among countries. Such indicators have many uses; within the environmental sector, per capita indicators have been applied to the management of natural resources, such as ...
... national debt, number of schools, and so on by the total national population generates indicators for use in comparing performance among countries. Such indicators have many uses; within the environmental sector, per capita indicators have been applied to the management of natural resources, such as ...
at least -48 - Monash University
... change and for economic redistribution to assist in mitigation and adaptation funding to that period when the science enabled the issue to be recognised. By contrast, developing states have emphasised that the long history of appropriation of the atmospheric commons by industrialised nations has res ...
... change and for economic redistribution to assist in mitigation and adaptation funding to that period when the science enabled the issue to be recognised. By contrast, developing states have emphasised that the long history of appropriation of the atmospheric commons by industrialised nations has res ...
slides - Harvard Kennedy School
... “An Elaborated Proposal For Global Climate Policy Architecture: Specific Formulas and Emission Targets for All Countries in All Decades” (2009) ...
... “An Elaborated Proposal For Global Climate Policy Architecture: Specific Formulas and Emission Targets for All Countries in All Decades” (2009) ...
DOC - Climate Change Authority
... In considering targets for the post-2020 period, the Authority has taken account of the uncertainty regarding Australia's action to 2020, and how quickly Australia might reasonably ‘catch up’ with global efforts. It has also continued to attach most weight to the science of climate change, the effor ...
... In considering targets for the post-2020 period, the Authority has taken account of the uncertainty regarding Australia's action to 2020, and how quickly Australia might reasonably ‘catch up’ with global efforts. It has also continued to attach most weight to the science of climate change, the effor ...
3. estimated financial impact of the proposal/initiative
... Climate change is a trans-boundary problem which cannot be solved by national or local action alone. Since 1992, the EU has worked to develop joint solutions and drive forward global action to tackle climate change. The Paris Agreement was adopted in December 2015 at the 21st Conference of the Parti ...
... Climate change is a trans-boundary problem which cannot be solved by national or local action alone. Since 1992, the EU has worked to develop joint solutions and drive forward global action to tackle climate change. The Paris Agreement was adopted in December 2015 at the 21st Conference of the Parti ...
The Effects of the Kyoto Protocol on Taiwan
... Conference in 1998,24 if Taiwan planned to reduce CO2 emissions by ten tons per capita by the year 2020, the marginal reduction cost for each ton of CO2, absent emissions trading, would be $207.25 In comparison, the marginal reduction costs of the United States, without trading, for the year 2010 wo ...
... Conference in 1998,24 if Taiwan planned to reduce CO2 emissions by ten tons per capita by the year 2020, the marginal reduction cost for each ton of CO2, absent emissions trading, would be $207.25 In comparison, the marginal reduction costs of the United States, without trading, for the year 2010 wo ...
implications of long-term scenarios for medium
... impacts in other areas, related to expectations about future yields and land-use policies, for example. The greenhouse gas emission reduction range of 40% to 70% by 2050, which is often quoted from the IPCC report, is not only due to uncertainty about technology performance or the climate system, bu ...
... impacts in other areas, related to expectations about future yields and land-use policies, for example. The greenhouse gas emission reduction range of 40% to 70% by 2050, which is often quoted from the IPCC report, is not only due to uncertainty about technology performance or the climate system, bu ...
Note by the International Maritime Organization (IMO)
... Shipping is probably the most international of all the world's industries, carrying up to 90 per cent of global trade by weight in a cost and energy efficient way around the world. IMO, as the UN’s specialized agency responsible for the global regulation of all facets pertaining to international shi ...
... Shipping is probably the most international of all the world's industries, carrying up to 90 per cent of global trade by weight in a cost and energy efficient way around the world. IMO, as the UN’s specialized agency responsible for the global regulation of all facets pertaining to international shi ...
Non-CO2 greenhouse gases and climate change
... more definitive with measurements of additional trace gases and related variables. Measurements of CH4 isotopologues (for example 13CH4) contain information about CH4 sources because these sources can enrich or deplete the 13C or 2H content of atmospheric CH4. Methane measured at Alert, Canada, in t ...
... more definitive with measurements of additional trace gases and related variables. Measurements of CH4 isotopologues (for example 13CH4) contain information about CH4 sources because these sources can enrich or deplete the 13C or 2H content of atmospheric CH4. Methane measured at Alert, Canada, in t ...
Mitigating climate change through reductions in greenhouse gas emissions: is it possible to limit global warming to no more than 1.5°C? (687 kB) (opens in new window)
... with a 2°C goal, might also be compatible with a 1.5°C goal, if it is assumed that emissions reductions could be quickly accelerated after 2020. Our findings suggest that aiming for the bottom end of this range for 2020 (i.e. taking strong action now) would reduce the risk of closing down the option ...
... with a 2°C goal, might also be compatible with a 1.5°C goal, if it is assumed that emissions reductions could be quickly accelerated after 2020. Our findings suggest that aiming for the bottom end of this range for 2020 (i.e. taking strong action now) would reduce the risk of closing down the option ...
National Arrangements
... What are National Arrangements for? Help Party meet reporting requirements by ensuring that the GHG inventory is prepared in accordance with the relevant COP decisions (e.g., 17/CP.8) Ensure continuity through the development of national capacities and capabilities Ensure sustainability of th ...
... What are National Arrangements for? Help Party meet reporting requirements by ensuring that the GHG inventory is prepared in accordance with the relevant COP decisions (e.g., 17/CP.8) Ensure continuity through the development of national capacities and capabilities Ensure sustainability of th ...
2010_09_icao_grounded PDF, 750.6 KByte
... the Kyoto Protocol agreed that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from international aviation should be 'limited' or 'reduced' by Annex 1 (developed) countries) working through ICAO. In the thirteen years since Kyoto, emissions from aviation have grown faster than any other mode of transport and are exp ...
... the Kyoto Protocol agreed that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from international aviation should be 'limited' or 'reduced' by Annex 1 (developed) countries) working through ICAO. In the thirteen years since Kyoto, emissions from aviation have grown faster than any other mode of transport and are exp ...
Australia`s carbon budget based on global effort sharing
... 2012 and the develop linearly towards the unconditional pledge of 5% below 2000 levels in 2020. The spent budget is equal to the accumulated historic emissions between 1990 and 2012 and projected emissions under the pledge between 2013 and 2020. Emissions reductions start in 2021. Australia’s emissi ...
... 2012 and the develop linearly towards the unconditional pledge of 5% below 2000 levels in 2020. The spent budget is equal to the accumulated historic emissions between 1990 and 2012 and projected emissions under the pledge between 2013 and 2020. Emissions reductions start in 2021. Australia’s emissi ...
PDF
... In 2007, agricultural emissions accounted for more than 48% of New Zealand‟s total greenhouse gas emissions (Ministry for the Environment, 2009) and 13.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions (IPCC, 2007c)1. The question of what response will effectively address these emissions is of critical importan ...
... In 2007, agricultural emissions accounted for more than 48% of New Zealand‟s total greenhouse gas emissions (Ministry for the Environment, 2009) and 13.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions (IPCC, 2007c)1. The question of what response will effectively address these emissions is of critical importan ...
Chapter 5 THE KYOTO PROTOCOL
... until the final hours, filled with uncertainty. Ultimately, the Parties would agree to an ambitious — if somewhat ambiguous — agreement that would set clear targets for reducing the net greenhouse gas emissions of most developed countries while allowing them to meet these targets by trading emission ...
... until the final hours, filled with uncertainty. Ultimately, the Parties would agree to an ambitious — if somewhat ambiguous — agreement that would set clear targets for reducing the net greenhouse gas emissions of most developed countries while allowing them to meet these targets by trading emission ...
studies
... The Durban conference in 2011 established the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action as a new track for negotiating an international climate treaty. The track aims to establish an international climate treaty to enter into force in 2020 (UNFCCC 2011). It was reinforced by the Doha climate conference in ...
... The Durban conference in 2011 established the Durban Platform for Enhanced Action as a new track for negotiating an international climate treaty. The track aims to establish an international climate treaty to enter into force in 2020 (UNFCCC 2011). It was reinforced by the Doha climate conference in ...
the Disclosure report 2016
... nearly 200 nations committing to efforts to keep the global temperature increase well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius1. While the climate talks in Copenhagen in 2009 ended in disappointment, COP21 in ...
... nearly 200 nations committing to efforts to keep the global temperature increase well below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 degrees Celsius1. While the climate talks in Copenhagen in 2009 ended in disappointment, COP21 in ...
Australia`s future emissions reduction targets
... In considering targets for the post-2020 period, the Authority has taken account of the uncertainty regarding Australia's action to 2020, and how quickly Australia might reasonably ‘catch up’ with global efforts. It has also continued to attach most weight to the science of climate change, the effor ...
... In considering targets for the post-2020 period, the Authority has taken account of the uncertainty regarding Australia's action to 2020, and how quickly Australia might reasonably ‘catch up’ with global efforts. It has also continued to attach most weight to the science of climate change, the effor ...
Climate Commitments: Assessing the Options
... specified subsidies, for example, on energy production or consumption. The Kyoto Protocol includes in its illustrative list of PAMs for developed countries “the progressive reduction and phasing out of subsidies.”18 Subsidies are a problem not only in industrialized countries: the International Ener ...
... specified subsidies, for example, on energy production or consumption. The Kyoto Protocol includes in its illustrative list of PAMs for developed countries “the progressive reduction and phasing out of subsidies.”18 Subsidies are a problem not only in industrialized countries: the International Ener ...