climate change - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
... for three quarters (75%) of total anthropogenic GHG emissions. The remaining 25 per cent of non-CO2 GHG emissions are made up of methane (2010: 16 per cent), nitrous oxide (2.6 per cent) and fluorinated gases (2.0 per cent). Despite occurring in much smaller quantities, these non-CO2 GHG are highly ...
... for three quarters (75%) of total anthropogenic GHG emissions. The remaining 25 per cent of non-CO2 GHG emissions are made up of methane (2010: 16 per cent), nitrous oxide (2.6 per cent) and fluorinated gases (2.0 per cent). Despite occurring in much smaller quantities, these non-CO2 GHG are highly ...
Methane emission in various wetland habitats in the Biebrza Valley
... saturation of properly developing, natural peatlands, slow decomposition of organic matter induces organic carbon accumulation. In result, the methane (CH4) and the carbon dioxide (CO2), that become a side-product of anaerobic decomposition of organic matter, are being emitted to the atmosphere. CH4 ...
... saturation of properly developing, natural peatlands, slow decomposition of organic matter induces organic carbon accumulation. In result, the methane (CH4) and the carbon dioxide (CO2), that become a side-product of anaerobic decomposition of organic matter, are being emitted to the atmosphere. CH4 ...
3. The role of Sustainable Land Management in Sub
... models predict negative impacts of climate change on agricultural production and food security in large parts of SSA. Higher temperatures throughout all of SSA will cause shorter growing periods, drying of the soil, increased pest and disease pressure, and shifts in suitable areas for growing crops ...
... models predict negative impacts of climate change on agricultural production and food security in large parts of SSA. Higher temperatures throughout all of SSA will cause shorter growing periods, drying of the soil, increased pest and disease pressure, and shifts in suitable areas for growing crops ...
Climate Finance Study Group
... economy.6 An explicit price on GHG emissions (hereafter “carbon pricing”) aims to reflect the social costs from GHG emissions in the prices of goods and services, thereby providing economic incentives that will influence production, consumption and investment decisions. A rising price over time woul ...
... economy.6 An explicit price on GHG emissions (hereafter “carbon pricing”) aims to reflect the social costs from GHG emissions in the prices of goods and services, thereby providing economic incentives that will influence production, consumption and investment decisions. A rising price over time woul ...
Climate Change Mitigation and the Clean Development
... Executive Board database were analysed. These projects have been registered or were awaiting registration by October 2006. ...
... Executive Board database were analysed. These projects have been registered or were awaiting registration by October 2006. ...
Trends in the land and ocean carbon uptake
... Trends in the airborne fraction The fraction of total CO2 emissions that remain in the atmosphere – the ‘airborne fraction (AF)’ – has implications for radiative forcing and global warming. It is thus an important quantity to understand and monitor. By definition, AF is a measure of the capacity of ...
... Trends in the airborne fraction The fraction of total CO2 emissions that remain in the atmosphere – the ‘airborne fraction (AF)’ – has implications for radiative forcing and global warming. It is thus an important quantity to understand and monitor. By definition, AF is a measure of the capacity of ...
carbon plantations kit - Private Forests Tasmania
... Gases found in the Earth’s lower atmosphere are important in absorbing the high-energy solar rays while letting in the light and preventing the loss of heat. They play an important role in maintaining life on earth. The atmospheric gases nitrogen, oxygen, water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitro ...
... Gases found in the Earth’s lower atmosphere are important in absorbing the high-energy solar rays while letting in the light and preventing the loss of heat. They play an important role in maintaining life on earth. The atmospheric gases nitrogen, oxygen, water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitro ...
CCS Resource Economics Model
... paths given the current economy’s reliance on fossil fuel. CCS is a set of techniques for separating and capturing CO2 from emission sources (e.g., coal power plants), transporting and storing it in secure locations (e.g., underground saline aquifers, which are not usable for drinking water or irrig ...
... paths given the current economy’s reliance on fossil fuel. CCS is a set of techniques for separating and capturing CO2 from emission sources (e.g., coal power plants), transporting and storing it in secure locations (e.g., underground saline aquifers, which are not usable for drinking water or irrig ...
Climate Change Fact Sheet Series
... Measurements of temperature taken by instruments all over the world, on land and at sea have revealed that during the last 100 years the Earth’s surface and lowest part of the atmosphere have warmed up on average by about 0.6oC. During this period, manmade emissions of greenhouse gases, including ca ...
... Measurements of temperature taken by instruments all over the world, on land and at sea have revealed that during the last 100 years the Earth’s surface and lowest part of the atmosphere have warmed up on average by about 0.6oC. During this period, manmade emissions of greenhouse gases, including ca ...
INTERPRETING INDCs - World Resources Institute
... This summary table focuses on transparency gaps that materially impact the level of emissions in the stated target year. Other transparency issues that are consistent with best practice, but are less critical to interpreting and estimating a Party’s emissions trajectory and target, may be discussed ...
... This summary table focuses on transparency gaps that materially impact the level of emissions in the stated target year. Other transparency issues that are consistent with best practice, but are less critical to interpreting and estimating a Party’s emissions trajectory and target, may be discussed ...
in ACP.
... Atlantic between 25◦ –55◦ N is a significant source of NOx over a large area. A second NOx source from ship emissions covering a large area is traffic along the east coast of Asia. Besides the continental eastern US and western Europe the largest emissions from air traffic also occur over the North ...
... Atlantic between 25◦ –55◦ N is a significant source of NOx over a large area. A second NOx source from ship emissions covering a large area is traffic along the east coast of Asia. Besides the continental eastern US and western Europe the largest emissions from air traffic also occur over the North ...
The Promises and Perils of Geoengineering
... techniques are concerned with blocking or reflecting sunlight. Such a feat could, in theory, be achieved by boosting Earth’s surface albedo—its reflectivity—using any of a variety of methods or by preventing some portion of solar radiation from ever reaching the earth’s surface. The second category ...
... techniques are concerned with blocking or reflecting sunlight. Such a feat could, in theory, be achieved by boosting Earth’s surface albedo—its reflectivity—using any of a variety of methods or by preventing some portion of solar radiation from ever reaching the earth’s surface. The second category ...
Global action on climate change in agriculture: Linkages to food security, markets and trade policies in developing countries
... activities also account for a substantial share of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and these are expected to increase in the future due to a variety of drivers, including population and income increases, diet changes and technological change. Together, these factors demonstrate the urgency of i ...
... activities also account for a substantial share of total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and these are expected to increase in the future due to a variety of drivers, including population and income increases, diet changes and technological change. Together, these factors demonstrate the urgency of i ...
The Paris Agreement and Beyond: International Climate Change
... Research workshops have been held at Harvard University and internationally, in collaboration with leading research institutes focusing on environmental economics and policy: Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (Venice and Milan); the Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (Berlin ...
... Research workshops have been held at Harvard University and internationally, in collaboration with leading research institutes focusing on environmental economics and policy: Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei (Venice and Milan); the Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change (Berlin ...
costs and benefits of climate change adaptation and mitigation
... have been formulated. In what may be described as a first step on the research agenda, this policy brief summarises the current knowledge about the costs and benefits of climate change adaptation and mitigation. For a better understanding of the meaning of the terms of mitigation and adaptation cost ...
... have been formulated. In what may be described as a first step on the research agenda, this policy brief summarises the current knowledge about the costs and benefits of climate change adaptation and mitigation. For a better understanding of the meaning of the terms of mitigation and adaptation cost ...
Misdefining ``climate change``: consequences for science and action
... 2000; Pielke et al., 2000; Hammitt, 2000). This body of work is significant because, unlike other critics of the Kyoto Protocol, it accepts the findings of the IPCC that climate change presents a problem, but finds fault in the mechanics of the proposed solution. David Victor writes that Even as it ...
... 2000; Pielke et al., 2000; Hammitt, 2000). This body of work is significant because, unlike other critics of the Kyoto Protocol, it accepts the findings of the IPCC that climate change presents a problem, but finds fault in the mechanics of the proposed solution. David Victor writes that Even as it ...
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... Table 1 UNF Climate Action Plan Phase and Reduction Targets ............................. 3 Table 2 Student, Faculty and Staff Population by Year ............................................... 7 Table 3 Building and ...
... Table 1 UNF Climate Action Plan Phase and Reduction Targets ............................. 3 Table 2 Student, Faculty and Staff Population by Year ............................................... 7 Table 3 Building and ...
Publisher version
... A key imperative for transition to low-emission pathways for all countries, including developing countries, is the significant global emissions reduction needed by 2050 to keep the increase in average global temperature below 20C, a goal agreed by all countries under the UNFCCC. This requires immedi ...
... A key imperative for transition to low-emission pathways for all countries, including developing countries, is the significant global emissions reduction needed by 2050 to keep the increase in average global temperature below 20C, a goal agreed by all countries under the UNFCCC. This requires immedi ...
Studying Climate Change: Proxy Indicators
... The debate over climate change is over • Most Americans accept that fossil fuel consumption is changing the planet • An Inconvenient Truth helped turn the tide - 84% of people surveyed thought that humans contribute to global warming - Many corporations offer support for greenhouse gas reductions C ...
... The debate over climate change is over • Most Americans accept that fossil fuel consumption is changing the planet • An Inconvenient Truth helped turn the tide - 84% of people surveyed thought that humans contribute to global warming - Many corporations offer support for greenhouse gas reductions C ...
Let Them Eat Coal - Oxfam International
... „Farming is the only livelihood we have. The food we produce makes us healthy and strong, and the surplus food we grow we can sell for money for school fees and hospital fees. Over the last 10 years, the climate has changed. We had a time when there was a lot of rain and all of our crops were destro ...
... „Farming is the only livelihood we have. The food we produce makes us healthy and strong, and the surplus food we grow we can sell for money for school fees and hospital fees. Over the last 10 years, the climate has changed. We had a time when there was a lot of rain and all of our crops were destro ...
Global Climate Change
... The debate over climate change is over • Most Americans accept that fossil fuel consumption is changing the planet • An Inconvenient Truth helped turn the tide - 84% of people surveyed thought that humans contribute to global warming - Many corporations offer support for greenhouse gas reductions C ...
... The debate over climate change is over • Most Americans accept that fossil fuel consumption is changing the planet • An Inconvenient Truth helped turn the tide - 84% of people surveyed thought that humans contribute to global warming - Many corporations offer support for greenhouse gas reductions C ...
Peter Lee: Ethics of Climate Change Policy
... carbon dioxide concentrations having a forcing effect upon global temperatures is very strong, but the quantitative link between carbon dioxide levels and average temperature is very much less certain, as is the effect of other influences on the long-term climate. In order to predict the future clim ...
... carbon dioxide concentrations having a forcing effect upon global temperatures is very strong, but the quantitative link between carbon dioxide levels and average temperature is very much less certain, as is the effect of other influences on the long-term climate. In order to predict the future clim ...
Canada`s Emissions Trends 2013
... Canada is home to a rich and diverse natural environment. From water and air quality, to the conservation of our species at risk and protecting the health of Canadians from environmental hazards, preserving our environment is essential to our social and economic well-being. Climate change is conside ...
... Canada is home to a rich and diverse natural environment. From water and air quality, to the conservation of our species at risk and protecting the health of Canadians from environmental hazards, preserving our environment is essential to our social and economic well-being. Climate change is conside ...
Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in the Land Use Sector
... Despite the dichotomy at global and national levels and the differences in priorities for the two measures, Klein et al. (2007) stated that the opportunities for synergy between adaptation and mitigation measures are high in sectors like agriculture, forestry, and construction. However, so far, no s ...
... Despite the dichotomy at global and national levels and the differences in priorities for the two measures, Klein et al. (2007) stated that the opportunities for synergy between adaptation and mitigation measures are high in sectors like agriculture, forestry, and construction. However, so far, no s ...
Climate change mitigation
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.""Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of ‘the tragedy of the commons’""Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest, (See International Cooperation and Emissions Trading) suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries.""Examples of mitigation include switching to low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable and nuclear energy, and expanding forests and other ""sinks"" to remove greater amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Energy efficiency may also play a role, for example, through improving the insulation of buildings. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering.Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system. Scientific analysis can provide information on the impacts of climate change, but deciding which impacts are dangerous requires value judgments.In 2010, Parties to the UNFCCC agreed that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. This may be revised with a target of limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels. The current trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions does not appear to be consistent with limiting global warming to below 1.5 or 2 °C, relative to pre-industrial levels. Other mitigation policies have been proposed, some of which are more stringent or modest than the 2 °C limit.