The gains from trade
... developing countries do no more than commit to their “business as usual” (BAU) emission paths and join the trading system. To make it even more real, think of it as a commitment that Mexico and other major developing countries would be asked to make very soon, for the ten-year period 2010-2020. The ...
... developing countries do no more than commit to their “business as usual” (BAU) emission paths and join the trading system. To make it even more real, think of it as a commitment that Mexico and other major developing countries would be asked to make very soon, for the ten-year period 2010-2020. The ...
May 2010 - Senate of Canada
... transformation to a more sustainable, low carbon economy. Consumers, both at home and at their places of work, are at the heart of any change towards a more sustainable economy. Speakers expressed the need to make closer links between our consumption habits and sustainability. Price incentives and s ...
... transformation to a more sustainable, low carbon economy. Consumers, both at home and at their places of work, are at the heart of any change towards a more sustainable economy. Speakers expressed the need to make closer links between our consumption habits and sustainability. Price incentives and s ...
Liz Cross, CSR & governance for procurement
... ...This has been updated to include a more comprehensive picture of BT’s sustainable capabilities as well as providing supporting information for customers on the social, economic and environmental benefits of ICT for ...
... ...This has been updated to include a more comprehensive picture of BT’s sustainable capabilities as well as providing supporting information for customers on the social, economic and environmental benefits of ICT for ...
harrp project
... (University of Calgary): “The fact is that with the right technology it may be cheap ...
... (University of Calgary): “The fact is that with the right technology it may be cheap ...
understanding climate science - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... volume of the atmosphere, greenhouse gases occur only at trace levels, making up just 0.1 per cent of the atmosphere by volume (IPCC 2001a). Despite this, their presence means that the earth has an average global surface temperature of about 14ºC—about 33ºC warmer than if there were no greenhouse ...
... volume of the atmosphere, greenhouse gases occur only at trace levels, making up just 0.1 per cent of the atmosphere by volume (IPCC 2001a). Despite this, their presence means that the earth has an average global surface temperature of about 14ºC—about 33ºC warmer than if there were no greenhouse ...
Africa hit hardest by Global Warming despite its low Greenhouse
... evaporation. The United Nations (UN) predicted that cereal crop yields would decline by up to 5% by the 2080s with subsistence crops like sorghum in Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea and Zambia; maize in Ghana; millet in Sudan and groundnuts in the Gambia (Elasha et al., 2006). In some African countries yiel ...
... evaporation. The United Nations (UN) predicted that cereal crop yields would decline by up to 5% by the 2080s with subsistence crops like sorghum in Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea and Zambia; maize in Ghana; millet in Sudan and groundnuts in the Gambia (Elasha et al., 2006). In some African countries yiel ...
a long-term climate goal implies a limit on cumulative co 2 emissions
... and countries, but an increasing number of scenarios also explore the implications of deviations from what is considered optimal, including delays in additional mitigation (until 2030), different assumptions regarding technology costs and availability, or alternative burden sharing schemes. Each ell ...
... and countries, but an increasing number of scenarios also explore the implications of deviations from what is considered optimal, including delays in additional mitigation (until 2030), different assumptions regarding technology costs and availability, or alternative burden sharing schemes. Each ell ...
Syllabus (PDF)
... Welcome to the Science and Politics of Global Warming! Today media often carry headlines warning the public of the dangers of human-induced global climate change. New “signs” of global warming, such as retreating mountain glaciers and shrinking Arctic Ocean ice cover, are reported. At the same time ...
... Welcome to the Science and Politics of Global Warming! Today media often carry headlines warning the public of the dangers of human-induced global climate change. New “signs” of global warming, such as retreating mountain glaciers and shrinking Arctic Ocean ice cover, are reported. At the same time ...
Greenhouse Alliances – Responding to the Challenge of Climate
... for the Central Victorian Greenhouse Alliance region has indicated that there is enough renewable energy potential from either wind, solar or biomass to power the region. This research complements work done by the Victorian State Government’s Sustainability Victoria which has mapped many resources a ...
... for the Central Victorian Greenhouse Alliance region has indicated that there is enough renewable energy potential from either wind, solar or biomass to power the region. This research complements work done by the Victorian State Government’s Sustainability Victoria which has mapped many resources a ...
National contributions to observed global warming
... country’s contribution to climate warming. Furthermore, because of their short atmospheric lifetime, recent sulfate aerosol emissions have a large impact on a country’s current climate contribution We show also that there are vast disparities in both total and per-capita climate contributions among ...
... country’s contribution to climate warming. Furthermore, because of their short atmospheric lifetime, recent sulfate aerosol emissions have a large impact on a country’s current climate contribution We show also that there are vast disparities in both total and per-capita climate contributions among ...
... THE NATIONAL DEBATE over what to do, if anything, about the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has become less a debate about scientific or economic issues and more of an exercise in political theater. The reason is that the issue of global climate change is pregnant with ...
Schroder Climate Change Report
... Warming has been driven by the accumulation of GHG in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide concentrations have increased by 40%, Methane by 150% ad nitrous oxide by 20% when compared with pre-industrial levels. GHG atmospheric concentrations now exceed the highest concentrations found in ice cores dating ...
... Warming has been driven by the accumulation of GHG in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide concentrations have increased by 40%, Methane by 150% ad nitrous oxide by 20% when compared with pre-industrial levels. GHG atmospheric concentrations now exceed the highest concentrations found in ice cores dating ...
Policymakers Summary
... We are certain of the following: • there is a natural greenhouse effect which already keeps the Earth wanner than it would otherwise be • emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concen trations of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane, chlorofluo ...
... We are certain of the following: • there is a natural greenhouse effect which already keeps the Earth wanner than it would otherwise be • emissions resulting from human activities are substantially increasing the atmospheric concen trations of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide, methane, chlorofluo ...
Climate change, biodiversity conservation, deforestation and its
... mechanisms for the certification of initiatives in terms of carbon sequestration and emissions avoidance. After several consultation workshops, it was considered that there was only a very remote possibility to establish a carbon market, given the lack of suitable role models. However, in June 2005, ...
... mechanisms for the certification of initiatives in terms of carbon sequestration and emissions avoidance. After several consultation workshops, it was considered that there was only a very remote possibility to establish a carbon market, given the lack of suitable role models. However, in June 2005, ...
Draft Cars Model Story Line - Tufts Office of Sustainability
... the Goal of 450 CO2 in the Atmosphere Fossil Fuel Emissions ...
... the Goal of 450 CO2 in the Atmosphere Fossil Fuel Emissions ...
2010 Environment Report
... Climate financing is one of the key elements of the international discussions addressing climate change in the medium and long term. The scale and size of the challenge that is associated with sustained reductions of greenhouse gas (GHG ) emissions on a global scale requires rigorous solutions and r ...
... Climate financing is one of the key elements of the international discussions addressing climate change in the medium and long term. The scale and size of the challenge that is associated with sustained reductions of greenhouse gas (GHG ) emissions on a global scale requires rigorous solutions and r ...
Global Warming-Guns
... effect of greenhouse gases. These greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane absorb heat that would otherwise escape from earth. According to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reports, the earth’s temperature has increased by 0.8 degrees Celsius over the past century. More than half of ...
... effect of greenhouse gases. These greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane absorb heat that would otherwise escape from earth. According to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reports, the earth’s temperature has increased by 0.8 degrees Celsius over the past century. More than half of ...
Download country chapter
... energy security programme, for defining the institutional structure for implementing this programme, and for guiding the energy balance and the energy matrix in the country. In 2011 the Inter-ministerial Commission established four principles to guide the formulation of energy strategies and policie ...
... energy security programme, for defining the institutional structure for implementing this programme, and for guiding the energy balance and the energy matrix in the country. In 2011 the Inter-ministerial Commission established four principles to guide the formulation of energy strategies and policie ...
Tackle Climate Change pdf - Columbia Vista Corporation
... in trees, soil and biomass. Just as there is no longer any doubt that the climate is changing, there can be no doubt that well-managed forests yield immense environmental and economic benefits. Healthy growing forests recycle carbon naturally. When biomass is used instead of fossil fuels, it can red ...
... in trees, soil and biomass. Just as there is no longer any doubt that the climate is changing, there can be no doubt that well-managed forests yield immense environmental and economic benefits. Healthy growing forests recycle carbon naturally. When biomass is used instead of fossil fuels, it can red ...
World Bank Bangkok Briefing - World Economy and Development
... Towards a WBG Strategic Framework on Climate Change and Development (SFCCD) • WBG will maintain the momentum for implementing the CEIF action plan and expand its strategic thinking on climate change, in a more comprehensive, crosssectoral manner and in alignment with the growing needs of developing ...
... Towards a WBG Strategic Framework on Climate Change and Development (SFCCD) • WBG will maintain the momentum for implementing the CEIF action plan and expand its strategic thinking on climate change, in a more comprehensive, crosssectoral manner and in alignment with the growing needs of developing ...
Climate policies : what if emerging country baseline were not so
... refute such optimistic decoupling. Raupach et al. (2008) have shown that nearly constant or increasing trends in energy intensity have been recently observed in both developed and developing countries particularly in rapidly ...
... refute such optimistic decoupling. Raupach et al. (2008) have shown that nearly constant or increasing trends in energy intensity have been recently observed in both developed and developing countries particularly in rapidly ...
587_7 - UW Atmospheric Sciences
... What about gases that affect the greenhouse effect? Radiative forcing for greenhouse gases: Instantly change the gas concentration as compared with a reference concentration (typically “preindustrial” values from the ...
... What about gases that affect the greenhouse effect? Radiative forcing for greenhouse gases: Instantly change the gas concentration as compared with a reference concentration (typically “preindustrial” values from the ...
Open Access - Lund University Publications
... with the establishment of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the first international cooperation that provided an arena for negotiations at the Conference of Parties (COP). The objective of FCCC is to stabilise atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations “at a level th ...
... with the establishment of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the first international cooperation that provided an arena for negotiations at the Conference of Parties (COP). The objective of FCCC is to stabilise atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations “at a level th ...
Climate change mitigation
Climate change mitigation consists of actions to limit the magnitude or rate of long-term climate change. Climate change mitigation generally involves reductions in human (anthropogenic) emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Mitigation may also be achieved by increasing the capacity of carbon sinks, e.g., through reforestation. Mitigation policies can substantially reduce the risks associated with human-induced global warming.""Mitigation is a public good; climate change is a case of ‘the tragedy of the commons’""Effective climate change mitigation will not be achieved if each agent (individual, institution or country) acts independently in its own selfish interest, (See International Cooperation and Emissions Trading) suggesting the need for collective action. Some adaptation actions, on the other hand, have characteristics of a private good as benefits of actions may accrue more directly to the individuals, regions, or countries that undertake them, at least in the short term. Nevertheless, financing such adaptive activities remains an issue, particularly for poor individuals and countries.""Examples of mitigation include switching to low-carbon energy sources, such as renewable and nuclear energy, and expanding forests and other ""sinks"" to remove greater amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Energy efficiency may also play a role, for example, through improving the insulation of buildings. Another approach to climate change mitigation is climate engineering.Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The ultimate objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system. Scientific analysis can provide information on the impacts of climate change, but deciding which impacts are dangerous requires value judgments.In 2010, Parties to the UNFCCC agreed that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level. This may be revised with a target of limiting global warming to below 1.5 °C relative to pre-industrial levels. The current trajectory of global greenhouse gas emissions does not appear to be consistent with limiting global warming to below 1.5 or 2 °C, relative to pre-industrial levels. Other mitigation policies have been proposed, some of which are more stringent or modest than the 2 °C limit.