Guidance of mesoderm cell migration in the Xenopus
... address this long-standing unresolved issue, and show that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling plays an essential role in mesoderm guidance during Xenopus gastrulation. PDGF signaling is involved in a variety of processes, including early embryonic development, formation of the nervous s ...
... address this long-standing unresolved issue, and show that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling plays an essential role in mesoderm guidance during Xenopus gastrulation. PDGF signaling is involved in a variety of processes, including early embryonic development, formation of the nervous s ...
Rapid increase of cytosolic content of acetyl-CoA
... different cellular activities. As an attempt to reveal the regulatory mechanisms which may provide specific roles for each ACC isoform, we have tested the hypothesis that ACC- β associates with the outer membrane of mitochondria where its product, malonylCoA, specifically regulates the closely locat ...
... different cellular activities. As an attempt to reveal the regulatory mechanisms which may provide specific roles for each ACC isoform, we have tested the hypothesis that ACC- β associates with the outer membrane of mitochondria where its product, malonylCoA, specifically regulates the closely locat ...
Middle-Term Test Paper on Biochemistry
... E. The only mode to yield ATP during glycolysis is phosphorylation at the substrate level 11) Which is the most key enzyme for the glycolysis as following: A. Hexokinase B. Fructose-6-phosphokinase-1 C. Glucose kinase D. Pyruvate kinase E. Fructose-6-phosphokinase-2 12) All the following narrations ...
... E. The only mode to yield ATP during glycolysis is phosphorylation at the substrate level 11) Which is the most key enzyme for the glycolysis as following: A. Hexokinase B. Fructose-6-phosphokinase-1 C. Glucose kinase D. Pyruvate kinase E. Fructose-6-phosphokinase-2 12) All the following narrations ...
Functional analysis of an interspecies chimera of acyl carrier
... processed using the MassLynx software, version 2.0. Mass calibration was performed by multiple-ion monitoring of horse-heart myoglobin signals. Km and kcat values for the transfer of 4¢-phosphopantetheine from CoASH to NodF and AcpP-NodF were determined by radioassay (Lambalot et al. 1995). Various ...
... processed using the MassLynx software, version 2.0. Mass calibration was performed by multiple-ion monitoring of horse-heart myoglobin signals. Km and kcat values for the transfer of 4¢-phosphopantetheine from CoASH to NodF and AcpP-NodF were determined by radioassay (Lambalot et al. 1995). Various ...
Inhibition of breast and brain cancer cell growth by BCCIPa
... of Flag-BCCIPa and a control vector (pHA-CMV), lanes 2 and 5 were derived from co-expression of Flag-BCCIPa and HA-BRCA2B (amino acid 2883 ± 3149), and lanes 3 and 6 are extracts from cells expressing Flag-BCCIPa and HA-BRCA2F (amino acid 2883 ± 3418). The bottom panel is blotted with anti-HA antibo ...
... of Flag-BCCIPa and a control vector (pHA-CMV), lanes 2 and 5 were derived from co-expression of Flag-BCCIPa and HA-BRCA2B (amino acid 2883 ± 3149), and lanes 3 and 6 are extracts from cells expressing Flag-BCCIPa and HA-BRCA2F (amino acid 2883 ± 3418). The bottom panel is blotted with anti-HA antibo ...
Protein synthesis meets ABC ATPases: new roles for Rli1/ABCE1
... the peptidyl-tRNA. RF3, a GTP-binding protein that is not essential in bacteria, does not participate in peptide release but, at the expense of GTP hydrolysis, promotes the dissociation of RF1 and RF2, thereby accelerating their turnover (Kisselev et al, 2003). To free the ribosome for initiation on ...
... the peptidyl-tRNA. RF3, a GTP-binding protein that is not essential in bacteria, does not participate in peptide release but, at the expense of GTP hydrolysis, promotes the dissociation of RF1 and RF2, thereby accelerating their turnover (Kisselev et al, 2003). To free the ribosome for initiation on ...
Identification of cellular proteins that bind to the human
... grown in TC100 medium (Gibco) containing 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) at 27 °C. Cells (1 x 106 per 35 mm dish) were transfected by the calcium phosphate method with 5 to 10 ~tg of the appropriate pAcCL29 recombinants and 1 lag of AcRPIacZ viral DNA linearized with Bsu36I (Kitts et al., 1990). After 2 ...
... grown in TC100 medium (Gibco) containing 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) at 27 °C. Cells (1 x 106 per 35 mm dish) were transfected by the calcium phosphate method with 5 to 10 ~tg of the appropriate pAcCL29 recombinants and 1 lag of AcRPIacZ viral DNA linearized with Bsu36I (Kitts et al., 1990). After 2 ...
Cilia Review Article - Eastern Virginia Medical School
... Primary cilia play key roles in the development of many organs by coordinating extracellular signaling with cellular physiology (Corbit et al., 2005; Haycraft et al., 2005; Simons et al., 2005). The ciliary membrane is rich in receptors, ion channels, and signaling proteins, which can be activated b ...
... Primary cilia play key roles in the development of many organs by coordinating extracellular signaling with cellular physiology (Corbit et al., 2005; Haycraft et al., 2005; Simons et al., 2005). The ciliary membrane is rich in receptors, ion channels, and signaling proteins, which can be activated b ...
Functional characterisation and cell walll interactions of
... gut (76)). Also, phage adsorption has been shown to depend on the presence of specific polysaccharides (51, 219). 1.4. Cell wall proteins. The Gram-positive cell wall is the site of attachment of proteins and enzymes that interact with the environment or that are needed for cell wall synthesis and b ...
... gut (76)). Also, phage adsorption has been shown to depend on the presence of specific polysaccharides (51, 219). 1.4. Cell wall proteins. The Gram-positive cell wall is the site of attachment of proteins and enzymes that interact with the environment or that are needed for cell wall synthesis and b ...
pO 2
... The Bohr effect is the reversible shift in Hb affinity for O2 with changes in pH. H+ Transport (effect) - O2 binding to Hb releases H+ due to conformational changes in Hb - deoxyform (T form) brings Asp 94 close to His 146 (fig 7-11 (b)) - the proximity of an acidic amino acid increases the pK of hi ...
... The Bohr effect is the reversible shift in Hb affinity for O2 with changes in pH. H+ Transport (effect) - O2 binding to Hb releases H+ due to conformational changes in Hb - deoxyform (T form) brings Asp 94 close to His 146 (fig 7-11 (b)) - the proximity of an acidic amino acid increases the pK of hi ...
The Complex Role of Branched Chain Amino Acids
... Several other studies have shown that a branched chain amino acid signature is associated with insulin resistance. In a cross sectional study, a group of sedentary metabolic syndrome subjects underwent frequent oral glucose tolerance tests to measure insulin sensitivity. Targeted profiling of 75 met ...
... Several other studies have shown that a branched chain amino acid signature is associated with insulin resistance. In a cross sectional study, a group of sedentary metabolic syndrome subjects underwent frequent oral glucose tolerance tests to measure insulin sensitivity. Targeted profiling of 75 met ...
HER2
... Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). ...
... Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). ...
Corticotropin-releasing hormone induces vascular endothelial
... of which by CRH leads to selective release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) through activation of adenylate cyclase and increased cAMP (Cao et al., 2005). The exact mechanisms of VEGF release, however, have not yet been fully clarified. ...
... of which by CRH leads to selective release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) through activation of adenylate cyclase and increased cAMP (Cao et al., 2005). The exact mechanisms of VEGF release, however, have not yet been fully clarified. ...
Enzyme Properties - Illinois Institute of Technology
... form, viz. as a zymogen The conversions that alter the ribosomally encoded protein into its active form is an instance of post-translational modification ...
... form, viz. as a zymogen The conversions that alter the ribosomally encoded protein into its active form is an instance of post-translational modification ...
Peptide microarrays for detailed, high-throughput
... Figure 2: Time course of PKA-catalyzed phosphorylation on the array for a number of peptides representing known protein phosphorylation substrates. The peptide ID is based on the UniProt Knowledgebase, and the numbers indicate the position of the first and last amino acids of the peptide in the comp ...
... Figure 2: Time course of PKA-catalyzed phosphorylation on the array for a number of peptides representing known protein phosphorylation substrates. The peptide ID is based on the UniProt Knowledgebase, and the numbers indicate the position of the first and last amino acids of the peptide in the comp ...
Protein and Minerals in the Athlete`s Diet
... protein, because the body cannot continue to increase muscle mass without also increasing bone mass to support the muscle mass. The human skeletal system is composed mainly of hydroxyapatite, a calcium phosphorous complex. Bones are manufactured from hydroxyapatite. As muscles contract, such as duri ...
... protein, because the body cannot continue to increase muscle mass without also increasing bone mass to support the muscle mass. The human skeletal system is composed mainly of hydroxyapatite, a calcium phosphorous complex. Bones are manufactured from hydroxyapatite. As muscles contract, such as duri ...
SUGAR SENSING AND SIGNALING IN PLANTS
... (Hxk2) acts as a sensor and translocates to the nucleus in response to glucose. Sucrose nonfermenting 1 (Snf1) is required for derepression of gene expression under starvation conditions. (b) The HXT induction pathway. Two hexose transporter homologs, Snf3 and Rgt2, function as glucose sensors at th ...
... (Hxk2) acts as a sensor and translocates to the nucleus in response to glucose. Sucrose nonfermenting 1 (Snf1) is required for derepression of gene expression under starvation conditions. (b) The HXT induction pathway. Two hexose transporter homologs, Snf3 and Rgt2, function as glucose sensors at th ...
Athlete`s Pak Guide
... 4. BALANCES APPETITE More and more studies are revealing how important protein is for satiety, as well as muscle growth and maintenance. It was found ...
... 4. BALANCES APPETITE More and more studies are revealing how important protein is for satiety, as well as muscle growth and maintenance. It was found ...
OsCUL3a Negatively Regulates Cell Death and
... adaptor BTB/POZ domain protein. These proteins together constitute a CRL3 complex (Hua and Vierstra, 2011). CUL3 is known to function in the regulation of PCD in animals. The deathassociated protein kinase (DAPK) enzyme is an apoptosis mediator involved in interferon-induced PCD in mammalian cells. ...
... adaptor BTB/POZ domain protein. These proteins together constitute a CRL3 complex (Hua and Vierstra, 2011). CUL3 is known to function in the regulation of PCD in animals. The deathassociated protein kinase (DAPK) enzyme is an apoptosis mediator involved in interferon-induced PCD in mammalian cells. ...
Functions of Ribosome-Associated Chaperones and their Interaction
... Crystallization of the N-terminal fragment of E. coli TF together with the 50S large ribosomal subunit from Haloarcula marismortui allowed the superposition of full-length TF with ribosomes and paved the way for understanding how this chaperone functions on ribosomes [9]. TF binds to the ribosomal p ...
... Crystallization of the N-terminal fragment of E. coli TF together with the 50S large ribosomal subunit from Haloarcula marismortui allowed the superposition of full-length TF with ribosomes and paved the way for understanding how this chaperone functions on ribosomes [9]. TF binds to the ribosomal p ...
top408b1_2006
... ways but the alpha-amino group of GSA is blocked with an Acetyl group to prevent spontaneous cyclization. After Orn is produced, it can be converted to Arginine using the Urea Cycle. Asp: Aspartate itself is the product of a simple transamination of OAA (Fig 25.19 p. 821). Asparagine Synthetase is a ...
... ways but the alpha-amino group of GSA is blocked with an Acetyl group to prevent spontaneous cyclization. After Orn is produced, it can be converted to Arginine using the Urea Cycle. Asp: Aspartate itself is the product of a simple transamination of OAA (Fig 25.19 p. 821). Asparagine Synthetase is a ...
Chem464 Abrol Spring2017 FlippedReview4
... carrying a gene for a protein similar to the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. Chemokines are cell-specific growth factors. C. Adenovirus, a tumor virus, carries a gene for the protein E1A, which binds to the retinoblastoma protein, pRb. (Hint: See Fig. 12–49.) D. An important feature of many onc ...
... carrying a gene for a protein similar to the chemokine receptors CXCR1 and CXCR2. Chemokines are cell-specific growth factors. C. Adenovirus, a tumor virus, carries a gene for the protein E1A, which binds to the retinoblastoma protein, pRb. (Hint: See Fig. 12–49.) D. An important feature of many onc ...
Leukaemia Section del(4)(q12q12) FIP1L1/PDGFRA Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
... genes into proximity generating a hybrid FIP1L1PDGFRA gene. In the translated protein, the juxtamembrane domain of PDGFRA that is known to serve an autoinhibitory function is truncated and became under control of the ubiquitous FIP1L1 promoter resulting in its constitutive kinase activation. Dysregu ...
... genes into proximity generating a hybrid FIP1L1PDGFRA gene. In the translated protein, the juxtamembrane domain of PDGFRA that is known to serve an autoinhibitory function is truncated and became under control of the ubiquitous FIP1L1 promoter resulting in its constitutive kinase activation. Dysregu ...
Histochemical Demonstration of Protein-Bound Alpha
... ability of the fixative to retain protein in the Protein-bound carboxyl groups were widespread section. For example, the staining after sublimate- in distribution in rat tissues. All epithelial cells, formol was generally more intense than after muscle fibers, and the cells of the nervous system neu ...
... ability of the fixative to retain protein in the Protein-bound carboxyl groups were widespread section. For example, the staining after sublimate- in distribution in rat tissues. All epithelial cells, formol was generally more intense than after muscle fibers, and the cells of the nervous system neu ...
Database Modeling in Bioinformatics
... • Multifunctional proteins- genome projects often assign single function, info is lost in homology search • Hypothetical proteins (40% oRFs unknown), and poorly or even wrongly annotated proteins • No coverage of position-specific annotation eg active sites • Current methods provide only a phrase de ...
... • Multifunctional proteins- genome projects often assign single function, info is lost in homology search • Hypothetical proteins (40% oRFs unknown), and poorly or even wrongly annotated proteins • No coverage of position-specific annotation eg active sites • Current methods provide only a phrase de ...
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signaling is a form of cell-cell communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behavior or differentiation of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine factors diffuse over a relatively short distance (local action), as opposed to endocrine factors (hormones which travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system), juxtacrine interactions, and autocrine signaling. Cells that produce paracrine factors secrete them into the immediate extracellular environment. Factors then travel to nearby cells in which the gradient of factor received determines the outcome. However, the exact distance that paracrine factors can travel is not certain.Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of receptors and pathways. In fact, different organs in the body -even between different species - are known to utilize a similar sets of paracrine factors in differential development. The highly conserved receptors and pathways can be organized into four major families based on similar structures: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates signal transduction cascades, eliciting different responses.