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Guided Notes-Structure Of Amino Acids
Guided Notes-Structure Of Amino Acids

... What is in the center of all twenty amino acids? What is attached to alpha carbon? What is an R-group? What is the importance of R-groups? What are the properties of R-groups? Amino acids link together to form what? What process is used to link amino acids together? How does dehydration occur? What ...
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... reason, the databases compiled by the Sanger Centre (discussed below), which incorporate novel predicted peptides from the human genome sequence, as well as known proteins turned out to be exceptionally useful. Some examples of different types of homology searches, in increasing order of difficulty, ...
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urbano, mariajose
urbano, mariajose

... Emergent properties, such as the kinds and number of bonds carbon will form, are determined by their tetravalent electron configuration. • It makes large, complex molecules possible. The carbon atom is a central point from which the molecule branches off into four directions. • It gives carbon coval ...
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Cyclol



The cyclol hypothesis is the first structural model of a folded, globular protein. It was developed by Dorothy Wrinch in the late 1930s, and was based on three assumptions. Firstly, the hypothesis assumes that two peptide groups can be crosslinked by a cyclol reaction (Figure 1); these crosslinks are covalent analogs of non-covalent hydrogen bonds between peptide groups. These reactions have been observed in the ergopeptides and other compounds. Secondly, it assumes that, under some conditions, amino acids will naturally make the maximum possible number of cyclol crosslinks, resulting in cyclol molecules (Figure 2) and cyclol fabrics (Figure 3). These cyclol molecules and fabrics have never been observed. Finally, the hypothesis assumes that globular proteins have a tertiary structure corresponding to Platonic solids and semiregular polyhedra formed of cyclol fabrics with no free edges. Such ""closed cyclol"" molecules have not been observed either.Although later data demonstrated that this original model for the structure of globular proteins needed to be amended, several elements of the cyclol model were verified, such as the cyclol reaction itself and the hypothesis that hydrophobic interactions are chiefly responsible for protein folding. The cyclol hypothesis stimulated many scientists to research questions in protein structure and chemistry, and was a precursor of the more accurate models hypothesized for the DNA double helix and protein secondary structure. The proposal and testing of the cyclol model also provides an excellent illustration of empirical falsifiability acting as part of the scientific method.
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