design and implementation of an anthropomorphic quality
... scanning bed to eliminate interference-pattern artifacts found with use of the standard polished glass scanning bed. A mask was created for the scanning bed to exclude light contamination. This film-scanning system is based on the technique used by Dempsey et al. (10). Films were scanned at least 36 ...
... scanning bed to eliminate interference-pattern artifacts found with use of the standard polished glass scanning bed. A mask was created for the scanning bed to exclude light contamination. This film-scanning system is based on the technique used by Dempsey et al. (10). Films were scanned at least 36 ...
locally fabricated metal step wedge for quality assurance in
... steps of the aluminum wedges were barely visible, beam. whereas for brass, a good contrast was obtained, but Hence x-rays are, more readily only one step (the lowest) was visible, implying low transmitted(without any change in photon energy) optical density. The x-ray intensity emitted by the throug ...
... steps of the aluminum wedges were barely visible, beam. whereas for brass, a good contrast was obtained, but Hence x-rays are, more readily only one step (the lowest) was visible, implying low transmitted(without any change in photon energy) optical density. The x-ray intensity emitted by the throug ...
Radiation Hygiene Requirements for IGRT (Image Guided
... marks with fixed lasers in the treatment room. The skin marks were placed during a single imaging session, e.g. a treatment planning CT session, before the patient began a course of radiotherapy. However, this system did not allow for control – which may be required on a daily basis – of the positio ...
... marks with fixed lasers in the treatment room. The skin marks were placed during a single imaging session, e.g. a treatment planning CT session, before the patient began a course of radiotherapy. However, this system did not allow for control – which may be required on a daily basis – of the positio ...
Evaluation of Diagnostic Reference Levels for CT scan in Isfahan
... contrast resolution of the CT images were enabled by advances in CT scanners manufacture technology, so that dynamic imaging of the moving tissues such as heart is possible by newer CT scanners such as 64 rows detector CT scan (7-12). The proportion of CT scan to the patient’s diagnostic absorbed do ...
... contrast resolution of the CT images were enabled by advances in CT scanners manufacture technology, so that dynamic imaging of the moving tissues such as heart is possible by newer CT scanners such as 64 rows detector CT scan (7-12). The proportion of CT scan to the patient’s diagnostic absorbed do ...
Diagnostic Reference Levels Based on Latest Surveys in Japan
... equipment should be initially assessed before the equipment is used for patient examinations and reassessed after a longer (i.e. at 3–6 months) experience has been obtained.3 During all these steps, the need for adequate image quality, but not the highest image quality, should be considered. The pur ...
... equipment should be initially assessed before the equipment is used for patient examinations and reassessed after a longer (i.e. at 3–6 months) experience has been obtained.3 During all these steps, the need for adequate image quality, but not the highest image quality, should be considered. The pur ...
Understanding Radiation Units - Radiation Protection of Patients
... - Dose quantities external to the patient’s body. - Dose quantities to estimate risks of skin injuries and effects that have threshold. - Dose quantities to estimate stochastic risks. ...
... - Dose quantities external to the patient’s body. - Dose quantities to estimate risks of skin injuries and effects that have threshold. - Dose quantities to estimate stochastic risks. ...
Acceptability requirements for X-ray equipment used in health care
... hinders identifying differences in contrast. There must not be any disturbing glare from light sources when the monitor is off. ...
... hinders identifying differences in contrast. There must not be any disturbing glare from light sources when the monitor is off. ...
The Advanced Modalities ~ Computed
... • CT of the chest is used to look for masses (especially metastases from a known cancer) in the lungs or surrounding area; this is generally done with contrast. • It can also be used to evaluate generalized lung disease (such as pneumonia or emphysema) in more detail than can be seen on a chest x-ra ...
... • CT of the chest is used to look for masses (especially metastases from a known cancer) in the lungs or surrounding area; this is generally done with contrast. • It can also be used to evaluate generalized lung disease (such as pneumonia or emphysema) in more detail than can be seen on a chest x-ra ...
diabetes - NC State University
... 3. Inverse square law and calculations for determining new mAs factors when distance changes. (4.1.3) 4. Interactions with matter and ionization of atoms and secondary scatter (4.1.4.*) 1. Photoelectric and Compton interaction, pair production, and photodisintegration and the radiation energy and ph ...
... 3. Inverse square law and calculations for determining new mAs factors when distance changes. (4.1.3) 4. Interactions with matter and ionization of atoms and secondary scatter (4.1.4.*) 1. Photoelectric and Compton interaction, pair production, and photodisintegration and the radiation energy and ph ...
Radiation Information for Hospital Personnel
... The roentgen, rad, and rem represent large quantities of radiation. Because only low levels of radiation are routinely present in the medical environment to which allied medical workers are exposed, smaller units are used. These are milliroentgen (mR), millirad (mrad) and millirem (mrem), and are o ...
... The roentgen, rad, and rem represent large quantities of radiation. Because only low levels of radiation are routinely present in the medical environment to which allied medical workers are exposed, smaller units are used. These are milliroentgen (mR), millirad (mrad) and millirem (mrem), and are o ...
a study of topographic and phenotypic characteristics of normal skin
... microstructural morphology of tissues5. It measures the intensity of reflection/backscatter of infrared light from the skin. As optical echoes cannot be measured directly because of the high velocity of light, OCT is therefore based on low-coherence interferometry that correlates reflected/backscatt ...
... microstructural morphology of tissues5. It measures the intensity of reflection/backscatter of infrared light from the skin. As optical echoes cannot be measured directly because of the high velocity of light, OCT is therefore based on low-coherence interferometry that correlates reflected/backscatt ...
VARiAn TRUeBeAm RepLACes LineAR ACCeLeRAToR AT UCLA
... In 2008, UCLA Radiation Oncology installed a Varian Novalis Tx™ system in an empty vault in the Westwood clinic. Then in 2011, the department acquired two matched TrueBeam systems, one for the new facility in Santa Monica and one to replace a Siemens system in Westwood. At the same time, the Center ...
... In 2008, UCLA Radiation Oncology installed a Varian Novalis Tx™ system in an empty vault in the Westwood clinic. Then in 2011, the department acquired two matched TrueBeam systems, one for the new facility in Santa Monica and one to replace a Siemens system in Westwood. At the same time, the Center ...
Tomografia komputerowa
... was later known as computed axial tomography (CAT or CT scan) and body section roentgenography. CT produces a volume of data which can be manipulated, through a process known as windowing, in order to demonstrate various structures based on their ability to block the X-ray beam. Although historicall ...
... was later known as computed axial tomography (CAT or CT scan) and body section roentgenography. CT produces a volume of data which can be manipulated, through a process known as windowing, in order to demonstrate various structures based on their ability to block the X-ray beam. Although historicall ...
Düşük kilovolt prospektif EKG-Gated Koroner BT angiografi ile
... INTRODUCTION The role of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) in diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD) has increased significantly due to its speed, accuracy and noninvasiveness (1-3). In a couple of meta analyses (3), it was shown that 64-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDC ...
... INTRODUCTION The role of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) in diagnosing coronary artery disease (CAD) has increased significantly due to its speed, accuracy and noninvasiveness (1-3). In a couple of meta analyses (3), it was shown that 64-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDC ...
Dose Management Update for Advocate Healthcare
... on protocol management The [critical access] hospital establishes or adopts diagnostic computed tomography (CT) imaging protocols based on current standards of practice, which address key criteria including clinical indication, contrast administration, age (to indicate whether the patient is pediatr ...
... on protocol management The [critical access] hospital establishes or adopts diagnostic computed tomography (CT) imaging protocols based on current standards of practice, which address key criteria including clinical indication, contrast administration, age (to indicate whether the patient is pediatr ...
Guideline for Radiation Safety in Interventional Cardiology - J
... Vol. 30 No. 2, 2000, with permission from Elsevier Inc. ...
... Vol. 30 No. 2, 2000, with permission from Elsevier Inc. ...
Effective dose range for dental cone beam computed tomography
... figure of merit, even though alternatives are under consideration [4–7]. The effective dose is measured in practice using an anthropomorphic phantom, representing the shape and attenuation of an average human, most commonly an adult male [8]. There have been a number of studies measuring the effectiv ...
... figure of merit, even though alternatives are under consideration [4–7]. The effective dose is measured in practice using an anthropomorphic phantom, representing the shape and attenuation of an average human, most commonly an adult male [8]. There have been a number of studies measuring the effectiv ...
effective physics education for optimizing ct image quality and dose
... engineering study, typically at the graduate level, and practical and applied experience. C. Medical Imaging Professionals: This is the team of professionals who have responsibility for and conduct the CT imaging procedures. They include radiologists, trainees (residents and fellows), and technologi ...
... engineering study, typically at the graduate level, and practical and applied experience. C. Medical Imaging Professionals: This is the team of professionals who have responsibility for and conduct the CT imaging procedures. They include radiologists, trainees (residents and fellows), and technologi ...
Physician assistant knowledge of patient radiation exposure from
... radioactive materials into the environment and may contribute to increased exposure in surrounding areas (Anspaugh, Bennett et al., 2000). The exposure due to medical imaging is the largest man-made contributor to radiation exposure (Wakeford, 2005). The medical forms of ionizing radiation include t ...
... radioactive materials into the environment and may contribute to increased exposure in surrounding areas (Anspaugh, Bennett et al., 2000). The exposure due to medical imaging is the largest man-made contributor to radiation exposure (Wakeford, 2005). The medical forms of ionizing radiation include t ...
IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP)
... variations. There are many ways to define the margins required for these errors. In this article, an overview of errors is given in radiotherapy and margin recipes, based on physical and biological considerations. Bladder and Rectum motion is treated separately. Materials and Methods: Patients recei ...
... variations. There are many ways to define the margins required for these errors. In this article, an overview of errors is given in radiotherapy and margin recipes, based on physical and biological considerations. Bladder and Rectum motion is treated separately. Materials and Methods: Patients recei ...
Walter et al. (2007) Radiotherapy and Oncology 85
... A more detailed view of the bony structure and soft tissue can be achieved by using photons of lower energy, for example with an X-ray source inside the treatment room emitting photons with a maximum energy of 80–140 keV. While these devices provide images of the bony anatomy with better quality tha ...
... A more detailed view of the bony structure and soft tissue can be achieved by using photons of lower energy, for example with an X-ray source inside the treatment room emitting photons with a maximum energy of 80–140 keV. While these devices provide images of the bony anatomy with better quality tha ...
Applied Physics Radiation Oncology
... borders required to encompass the clinical target volume. Ideally, localization is performed using a simulator—radiographic (imaging) unit that simulates all the movements of the linear accelerator or Cobalt-60 treatment unit and matches its geometry, distances (SSD, SDD, etc.), beam divergence, and ...
... borders required to encompass the clinical target volume. Ideally, localization is performed using a simulator—radiographic (imaging) unit that simulates all the movements of the linear accelerator or Cobalt-60 treatment unit and matches its geometry, distances (SSD, SDD, etc.), beam divergence, and ...
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... Beam shaping filters specific to cardiac CT ...
... Beam shaping filters specific to cardiac CT ...
Activity 3.3
... Technetium-99m is a radioactive material which is frequently used in every hospital equipped for nuclear medical examination. Technetium is called the workhorse of nuclear medicine. In 1995 in Europe 6 million diagnoses were made by means of technetium and a further growth in technetium demand is to ...
... Technetium-99m is a radioactive material which is frequently used in every hospital equipped for nuclear medical examination. Technetium is called the workhorse of nuclear medicine. In 1995 in Europe 6 million diagnoses were made by means of technetium and a further growth in technetium demand is to ...
Radiation burn
A radiation burn is damage to the skin or other biological tissue caused by exposure to radiation. The radiation types of greatest concern are thermal radiation, radio frequency energy, ultraviolet light and ionizing radiation.The most common type of radiation burn is a sunburn caused by UV radiation. High exposure to X-rays during diagnostic medical imaging or radiotherapy can also result in radiation burns. As the ionizing radiation interacts with cells within the body—damaging them—the body responds to this damage, typically resulting in erythema—that is, redness around the damaged area. Radiation burns are often associated with radiation-induced cancer due to the ability of ionizing radiation to interact with and damage DNA, occasionally inducing a cell to become cancerous. Cavity magnetrons can be improperly used to create surface and internal burning. Depending on the photon energy, gamma radiation can cause very deep gamma burns, with 60Co internal burns are common. Beta burns tend to be shallow as beta particles are not able to penetrate deep into the person; these burns can be similar to sunburn.Radiation burns can also occur with high power radio transmitters at any frequency where the body absorbs radio frequency energy and converts it to heat. The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) considers 50 watts to be the lowest power above which radio stations must evaluate emission safety. Frequencies considered especially dangerous occur where the human body can become resonant, at 35 MHz, 70 MHz, 80-100 MHz, 400 MHz, and 1 GHz. Exposure to microwaves of too high intensity can cause microwave burns.