Mammography Equipment
... • Due to the angle of the anode, some of the X-rays it just produced will be reabsorbed by the anode material. This is called the heel effect. • The steeper the anode angle (the closer to 0 degrees) the more heat units the tube can withstand but the more pronounced the heel effect will be. • The gre ...
... • Due to the angle of the anode, some of the X-rays it just produced will be reabsorbed by the anode material. This is called the heel effect. • The steeper the anode angle (the closer to 0 degrees) the more heat units the tube can withstand but the more pronounced the heel effect will be. • The gre ...
GE CT Clarity - UW Radiology - University of Wisconsin–Madison
... organically since our early days of CT.” “When the AAPm medical Physics Practice Guidelines came out for CT protocol management this year,2 we were glad to see we were meeting or exceeding all of the AAPm recommendations" says Dr. Timothy Szczykutowicz, PhD, Clinical medical Physicist. To ensure tha ...
... organically since our early days of CT.” “When the AAPm medical Physics Practice Guidelines came out for CT protocol management this year,2 we were glad to see we were meeting or exceeding all of the AAPm recommendations" says Dr. Timothy Szczykutowicz, PhD, Clinical medical Physicist. To ensure tha ...
X enon X e 133 Gas - Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals
... Use a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Xenon Xe 133 standard for the initial calibration. Also establish a secondary standard, such as Americium Am 241, at that time for subsequent routine use. Other suitable radionuclides may also be used. Determine the effective readout of the ...
... Use a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Xenon Xe 133 standard for the initial calibration. Also establish a secondary standard, such as Americium Am 241, at that time for subsequent routine use. Other suitable radionuclides may also be used. Determine the effective readout of the ...
Imaging of the Musculoskeletal System
... When reviewing plain radiographs of the musculoskeletal system, it is important to follow an organized, systematic approach. Start with evaluation of the soft tissues and then move on to the skeleton. Correlate your knowledge of normal anatomy with a minimum of two orthogonal images. Evaluate alignm ...
... When reviewing plain radiographs of the musculoskeletal system, it is important to follow an organized, systematic approach. Start with evaluation of the soft tissues and then move on to the skeleton. Correlate your knowledge of normal anatomy with a minimum of two orthogonal images. Evaluate alignm ...
ESTRO Vision 2020 - European CanCer Organisation
... Recommendations from gynaecological (GYN) GEC ESTRO working group (II): Concepts and terms in 3D image-based treatment planning in cervix cancer brachytherapy—3D dose volume parameters and aspects of 3D image-based anatomy, radiation physics, radiobiology Patient selection for accelerated partial-br ...
... Recommendations from gynaecological (GYN) GEC ESTRO working group (II): Concepts and terms in 3D image-based treatment planning in cervix cancer brachytherapy—3D dose volume parameters and aspects of 3D image-based anatomy, radiation physics, radiobiology Patient selection for accelerated partial-br ...
Wake Radiology Expands Pediatric Imaging
... Pediatric radiologists also can prevent a misdiagnosis, he points out. “There is a condition, pyloric stenosis, in which the pyloric muscle in the stomach closes down. The classic patient is about a month old, and surgery is necessary to open it up. Before Dr. Douglas arrived in Raleigh, an adult ra ...
... Pediatric radiologists also can prevent a misdiagnosis, he points out. “There is a condition, pyloric stenosis, in which the pyloric muscle in the stomach closes down. The classic patient is about a month old, and surgery is necessary to open it up. Before Dr. Douglas arrived in Raleigh, an adult ra ...
Proton Therapy Questionnaire
... planning done on the same system as the proton planning? yes, no If yes, are the proton and photon portals part of the same plan? yes, no If no, how are the dose distributions summed and how is RBE accounted? ...
... planning done on the same system as the proton planning? yes, no If yes, are the proton and photon portals part of the same plan? yes, no If no, how are the dose distributions summed and how is RBE accounted? ...
DETERMINATION OF CT-TO-DENSITY CONVERSION
... plot shows scattered data points but its behavior can be predicted to consist of 2 linear relationships for CT value ranges from ⫺1000 to 0 and above 0. In addition, it should be recognized that the slope of these straight lines and the point of inflection change somewhat from CT scanner to CT scann ...
... plot shows scattered data points but its behavior can be predicted to consist of 2 linear relationships for CT value ranges from ⫺1000 to 0 and above 0. In addition, it should be recognized that the slope of these straight lines and the point of inflection change somewhat from CT scanner to CT scann ...
Physics of Medical Imaging – An Introduction
... Physics of Medical Imaging – An Introduction.................................................................. 1 ...
... Physics of Medical Imaging – An Introduction.................................................................. 1 ...
Radiation Protection 109
... After the DRLs have been established, the patient dose either in standard phantoms or groups of standard-sized patients should be assessed on equipment in every room of every radiological facility periodically, with the long-term aim of annual assessments, and after every major change or servic ...
... After the DRLs have been established, the patient dose either in standard phantoms or groups of standard-sized patients should be assessed on equipment in every room of every radiological facility periodically, with the long-term aim of annual assessments, and after every major change or servic ...
Low dose CT of the lumbar spine has better image quality than
... of intra-individual and inter-individual agreement and an evaluation of whether BMI was a confounder. The protocol for low dose CT at 1 mSv level used in the current study was derived from a previous phantom study (9). The effective dose level was set as the average effective dose of lumbar spine ra ...
... of intra-individual and inter-individual agreement and an evaluation of whether BMI was a confounder. The protocol for low dose CT at 1 mSv level used in the current study was derived from a previous phantom study (9). The effective dose level was set as the average effective dose of lumbar spine ra ...
Committee SC-72 of the National Council on Radiation Protection
... Committee SC-72 of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) has prepared a new report entitled "Mammography 2002". This report will replace NCRP Report No. 85, "Mammography - A User's Guide" published in 1986. The committee consists of various mammography specialists - ra ...
... Committee SC-72 of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) has prepared a new report entitled "Mammography 2002". This report will replace NCRP Report No. 85, "Mammography - A User's Guide" published in 1986. The committee consists of various mammography specialists - ra ...
Three-dimensional Dose Verification Using Normoxic Polymer Gel
... can be easily made in the presence of normal oxygen surroundings. Its dose response was measured by irradiating MAGAT-gel-filled testing vials with tomotherapy and its linear relationship with dose was present from 0 to 6.5 Gy. One group of gel samples were measured in near real-time, in which the g ...
... can be easily made in the presence of normal oxygen surroundings. Its dose response was measured by irradiating MAGAT-gel-filled testing vials with tomotherapy and its linear relationship with dose was present from 0 to 6.5 Gy. One group of gel samples were measured in near real-time, in which the g ...
IAEA SBRT Talks - SBRT Singapore
... day and different day reproducible delivery by MLC • Very similar results when measurements are repeated on different linacs well matched and stable linacs • Where to set tolerance for pass/fail? ...
... day and different day reproducible delivery by MLC • Very similar results when measurements are repeated on different linacs well matched and stable linacs • Where to set tolerance for pass/fail? ...
- Dr.Divan Fard
... Radiation Measurement • The Curie measures the number of atoms that decay in one second. Curie: 1 Ci = 3.7 x 1010 disintegrations • The rad (radiation absorbed dose) measures the radiation absorbed by the tissues of the body. • The rem (Roentgen equivalent for man (rem) ) measures the biological da ...
... Radiation Measurement • The Curie measures the number of atoms that decay in one second. Curie: 1 Ci = 3.7 x 1010 disintegrations • The rad (radiation absorbed dose) measures the radiation absorbed by the tissues of the body. • The rem (Roentgen equivalent for man (rem) ) measures the biological da ...
Summary: Medical Event Reporting Issues Jeffrey F. Williamson, Ph.D.
... ACMUI Presentation to Commission ...
... ACMUI Presentation to Commission ...
Mathematical methods and simulations tools useful in medical
... • Image-based activity quantification with ...
... • Image-based activity quantification with ...
Production of X-rays
... • A voltage of 50 kVp will produce a spectrum of Xray energies with the theoretical maximum being 50 keV. • The spectrum of energies is continuous from the maximum to zero. However, X-ray beams are typically filtered to minimize the low-energy component. • Low-energy X-rays are not useful in radiogr ...
... • A voltage of 50 kVp will produce a spectrum of Xray energies with the theoretical maximum being 50 keV. • The spectrum of energies is continuous from the maximum to zero. However, X-ray beams are typically filtered to minimize the low-energy component. • Low-energy X-rays are not useful in radiogr ...
Pay particular attention to: Radionuclide decay (L4) Scintillation
... o Durable and unaffected by moisture (non-hygroscopic) and low-cost o Linear response over wide intensity range o High conversion efficiency This is associated with another plus, good energy resolution (consistency in photon output) Energy resolution is given by $ R=FWHM/h, where R is the resolu ...
... o Durable and unaffected by moisture (non-hygroscopic) and low-cost o Linear response over wide intensity range o High conversion efficiency This is associated with another plus, good energy resolution (consistency in photon output) Energy resolution is given by $ R=FWHM/h, where R is the resolu ...
radiation protection in diagnostic radiology - RPOP
... nice images can be obtained at double the dose or more and overexposures are not obvious unlike dark images in screen-film radiography. False – Only when features are utilized, not always. See the earlier question as an example. True – Additional consideration of image quality and dose ...
... nice images can be obtained at double the dose or more and overexposures are not obvious unlike dark images in screen-film radiography. False – Only when features are utilized, not always. See the earlier question as an example. True – Additional consideration of image quality and dose ...
Radiological Protection in Paediatric Diagnostic and Interventional
... ICRP, 2003c. Relative biological effectiveness (RBE), quality factor (Q), and radiation weighting factor (wR). ICRP Publication 92. Ann. ICRP 33(4). ICRP, 2005c. Low-dose extrapolation of radiation-related cancer risk. ICRP Publication 99. Ann. ICRP 35(4). ...
... ICRP, 2003c. Relative biological effectiveness (RBE), quality factor (Q), and radiation weighting factor (wR). ICRP Publication 92. Ann. ICRP 33(4). ICRP, 2005c. Low-dose extrapolation of radiation-related cancer risk. ICRP Publication 99. Ann. ICRP 35(4). ...
reduced radiation exposure and iodine load at low tube kilovoltage
... 140 kVp. A retrospective analysis of 400 CTPAs showed a significantly higher signal in the contrast-enhanced vessels at 100 and 110 kVp compared with 120 and 130 kVp, while leading to no deterioration of image quality [39] . Image quality at low kVp with reduced iodine dose The increase of the C ...
... 140 kVp. A retrospective analysis of 400 CTPAs showed a significantly higher signal in the contrast-enhanced vessels at 100 and 110 kVp compared with 120 and 130 kVp, while leading to no deterioration of image quality [39] . Image quality at low kVp with reduced iodine dose The increase of the C ...
ABDOMINAL EXAMINATION IN KNH USING 16 MULTI-SLICE
... tomography (CT scan). CT examinations are increasingly being employed in diagnostic procedures despite their high contribution to the total radiation dose (1). The skewed impact of CT radiation dose can be illustrated in Figure 1. According to UNSCEAR report of 2000, while only 5% of radiological ex ...
... tomography (CT scan). CT examinations are increasingly being employed in diagnostic procedures despite their high contribution to the total radiation dose (1). The skewed impact of CT radiation dose can be illustrated in Figure 1. According to UNSCEAR report of 2000, while only 5% of radiological ex ...
American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and
... experience in the appropriate subfield(s) to demonstrate that an individual is competent to practice one or more of the subfields in medical physics and to be a Qualified Medical Physicist. The ACR recommends that the individual be certified in the appropriate subfield(s) by the American Board of Ra ...
... experience in the appropriate subfield(s) to demonstrate that an individual is competent to practice one or more of the subfields in medical physics and to be a Qualified Medical Physicist. The ACR recommends that the individual be certified in the appropriate subfield(s) by the American Board of Ra ...
Radiation burn
A radiation burn is damage to the skin or other biological tissue caused by exposure to radiation. The radiation types of greatest concern are thermal radiation, radio frequency energy, ultraviolet light and ionizing radiation.The most common type of radiation burn is a sunburn caused by UV radiation. High exposure to X-rays during diagnostic medical imaging or radiotherapy can also result in radiation burns. As the ionizing radiation interacts with cells within the body—damaging them—the body responds to this damage, typically resulting in erythema—that is, redness around the damaged area. Radiation burns are often associated with radiation-induced cancer due to the ability of ionizing radiation to interact with and damage DNA, occasionally inducing a cell to become cancerous. Cavity magnetrons can be improperly used to create surface and internal burning. Depending on the photon energy, gamma radiation can cause very deep gamma burns, with 60Co internal burns are common. Beta burns tend to be shallow as beta particles are not able to penetrate deep into the person; these burns can be similar to sunburn.Radiation burns can also occur with high power radio transmitters at any frequency where the body absorbs radio frequency energy and converts it to heat. The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) considers 50 watts to be the lowest power above which radio stations must evaluate emission safety. Frequencies considered especially dangerous occur where the human body can become resonant, at 35 MHz, 70 MHz, 80-100 MHz, 400 MHz, and 1 GHz. Exposure to microwaves of too high intensity can cause microwave burns.