Radiation Safety
... between life and death for a patient. As beneficial as radiation can be, however, this powerful form of energy also poses risks. ...
... between life and death for a patient. As beneficial as radiation can be, however, this powerful form of energy also poses risks. ...
Proceedings 6e Lustrum - Netherlands Commission on Radiation
... brachytherapy errors and accidents are shown to be mainly related to human errors. Additionally, some errors are caused by mechanical events. Mechanical HDR events can be related to control units, computers, source cables, catheters, and applicators. Human errors relate to incorrect medical indicati ...
... brachytherapy errors and accidents are shown to be mainly related to human errors. Additionally, some errors are caused by mechanical events. Mechanical HDR events can be related to control units, computers, source cables, catheters, and applicators. Human errors relate to incorrect medical indicati ...
Mammography
... Molybdenum (Mo), and dual track molybdenum/rhodium (Mo/Rh) targets are used Characteristic x-ray production is the major reason for choosing molybdenum and rhodium For molybdenum, characteristic radiation occurs at 17.5 and 19.6 keV For rhodium, 20.2 and 22.7 keV ...
... Molybdenum (Mo), and dual track molybdenum/rhodium (Mo/Rh) targets are used Characteristic x-ray production is the major reason for choosing molybdenum and rhodium For molybdenum, characteristic radiation occurs at 17.5 and 19.6 keV For rhodium, 20.2 and 22.7 keV ...
Dose Reduction Strategies for SPECT/CT and PET/CT
... (ie, from the anteroposterior direction to the lateral direction, and from the shoulders to the abdomen). The operator must still indicate the desired level of image quality by one of the methods described earlier. This is the most comprehensive approach to CT dose reduction because the x-ray dose i ...
... (ie, from the anteroposterior direction to the lateral direction, and from the shoulders to the abdomen). The operator must still indicate the desired level of image quality by one of the methods described earlier. This is the most comprehensive approach to CT dose reduction because the x-ray dose i ...
How does magnification affect image quality and patient dose in
... radiation effects such as skin erythema and epilation, as well as producing a relatively high stochastic risk.4,5 Magnification and its effects on image quality have been studied in conventional radiography.6,7,8 In general, magnification improves visibility of small, low contrast objects. As the ma ...
... radiation effects such as skin erythema and epilation, as well as producing a relatively high stochastic risk.4,5 Magnification and its effects on image quality have been studied in conventional radiography.6,7,8 In general, magnification improves visibility of small, low contrast objects. As the ma ...
Evolution of CT scanners
... – Finite number of x-ray photons are transmitted (i.e. in a slice) – Thinner slices Less x-ray photons larger variation in pixel values more noise – mA then has to be increased to provide useful diagnostic images – linear relationship between mA and patient dose ...
... – Finite number of x-ray photons are transmitted (i.e. in a slice) – Thinner slices Less x-ray photons larger variation in pixel values more noise – mA then has to be increased to provide useful diagnostic images – linear relationship between mA and patient dose ...
FREE Sample Here
... 7. True. Early x-ray films were single emulsion only and required long exposure times. Today’s films are double emulsion and require much shorter exposure times. 8. False. The paralleling technique is less complicated and produces better radiographs more consistently than the bisecting technique. 9. ...
... 7. True. Early x-ray films were single emulsion only and required long exposure times. Today’s films are double emulsion and require much shorter exposure times. 8. False. The paralleling technique is less complicated and produces better radiographs more consistently than the bisecting technique. 9. ...
Full file at http://collegetestbank.eu/Test-Bank-Essentials-of
... 7. True. Early x-ray films were single emulsion only and required long exposure times. Today’s films are double emulsion and require much shorter exposure times. 8. False. The paralleling technique is less complicated and produces better radiographs more consistently than the bisecting technique. 9. ...
... 7. True. Early x-ray films were single emulsion only and required long exposure times. Today’s films are double emulsion and require much shorter exposure times. 8. False. The paralleling technique is less complicated and produces better radiographs more consistently than the bisecting technique. 9. ...
The Measurement, Reporting, and Management of
... These scanners offer tremendous flexibility because of their advances not just in detector technology, but also in data acquisition systems (DAS), x-ray tube design and other subsystems. One illustration of this is that while MDCT scanners have multiple rows of detectors, the data collected from mul ...
... These scanners offer tremendous flexibility because of their advances not just in detector technology, but also in data acquisition systems (DAS), x-ray tube design and other subsystems. One illustration of this is that while MDCT scanners have multiple rows of detectors, the data collected from mul ...
Spring 2014
... therapies have also been performed. performed? The centre has already treated a wide Knowing that this has never been variety of disease sites including done before, the Washington Unilung, stomach, colon, bladder, ilium, versity team is moving slowly abdomen, breast and mediansti- towards the adapt ...
... therapies have also been performed. performed? The centre has already treated a wide Knowing that this has never been variety of disease sites including done before, the Washington Unilung, stomach, colon, bladder, ilium, versity team is moving slowly abdomen, breast and mediansti- towards the adapt ...
ACR–SPR Practice Guideline for the Performance of Computed
... concurrently. In certain cases, it may be appropriate to limit the area exposed and focus only on the area or organs of concern in order to limit the radiation dose. This is especially advised in patients with multiple CT studies and follow-up examinations. An adequate study may be performed with si ...
... concurrently. In certain cases, it may be appropriate to limit the area exposed and focus only on the area or organs of concern in order to limit the radiation dose. This is especially advised in patients with multiple CT studies and follow-up examinations. An adequate study may be performed with si ...
Consumer Guide to Imaging Modalities
... body, will block most of the ionizing radiation and appear white on the x-ray film. Soft tissues, such as muscles, tendons and organs, will appear as varying shades of grey, depending on their density. Empty air space will appear black.3 Radiography is used to image all parts of the body, but chest ...
... body, will block most of the ionizing radiation and appear white on the x-ray film. Soft tissues, such as muscles, tendons and organs, will appear as varying shades of grey, depending on their density. Empty air space will appear black.3 Radiography is used to image all parts of the body, but chest ...
Three-Dimensional Radiation Treatment Planning
... In order to ensure an optimum of precision and reproducibility in dose delivery and dose distribution, the positioning of the patient has to be identical during the diagnostic procedures, the process of treatment simulation, and the whole radiation treatment [14]. This secures that the mode of dose ...
... In order to ensure an optimum of precision and reproducibility in dose delivery and dose distribution, the positioning of the patient has to be identical during the diagnostic procedures, the process of treatment simulation, and the whole radiation treatment [14]. This secures that the mode of dose ...
SPR Practice Parameter for the Performance of Skeletal Scintigraphy
... The suggested scan speed for a blood pool whole body image is 40 cm/min or for static images 5 to 10 minutes/image. The suggested scan speed for a whole body delayed image is 10 cm/min (8 to 15 cm/min depending on patient size) or 10 minutes/image. The static imaging protocol can be used for young n ...
... The suggested scan speed for a blood pool whole body image is 40 cm/min or for static images 5 to 10 minutes/image. The suggested scan speed for a whole body delayed image is 10 cm/min (8 to 15 cm/min depending on patient size) or 10 minutes/image. The static imaging protocol can be used for young n ...
Uterine Artery Embolization: Optimization with Preprocedural
... terine artery embolization (UAE) is a minimally invasive therapy for uterine leiomyomata that represents an alternative to hysterectomy and myomectomy (1–5). During the past decade, UAE has been established as a safe and effective first-line therapy for the treatment of symptomatic fibroids in preme ...
... terine artery embolization (UAE) is a minimally invasive therapy for uterine leiomyomata that represents an alternative to hysterectomy and myomectomy (1–5). During the past decade, UAE has been established as a safe and effective first-line therapy for the treatment of symptomatic fibroids in preme ...
essentials-of-dental-radiography-9th-edition-thomson
... radiation hygiene and protection, and is considered by many to be the first advocate for the science of radiation protection. 5. d. C. Edmund Kells took the first dental radiograph on a living subject in the United States. He was the first to put the radiograph to practical use in dentistry. Dr. Kel ...
... radiation hygiene and protection, and is considered by many to be the first advocate for the science of radiation protection. 5. d. C. Edmund Kells took the first dental radiograph on a living subject in the United States. He was the first to put the radiograph to practical use in dentistry. Dr. Kel ...
Improving patient dose management using
... This information allows the audit of clinical protocols and the improvement of patient dose management especially during fluoroscopically guided procedures in radiology and cardiology. Interventional fluoroscopes complying with the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 60601-2-43 [1] provide ...
... This information allows the audit of clinical protocols and the improvement of patient dose management especially during fluoroscopically guided procedures in radiology and cardiology. Interventional fluoroscopes complying with the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 60601-2-43 [1] provide ...
Study on the Computed Tomography Dose Index volume
... the axial CT. In helical scanning mode, the data are continuously acquired while the patient is simultaneously transported at a constant speed through the gantry. For multislice helical scanning, each rotation of gantry will provide more than one image corresponds to the number of detector rows. Thi ...
... the axial CT. In helical scanning mode, the data are continuously acquired while the patient is simultaneously transported at a constant speed through the gantry. For multislice helical scanning, each rotation of gantry will provide more than one image corresponds to the number of detector rows. Thi ...
Egg-wrapping behaviour protects newt embryos from UV radiation
... species carefully wrap single eggs into leaves of aquatic vegetation in shallow water. Wrapping behaviour may protect eggs from predators and from mechanical damage. We hypothesized that egg-wrapping behaviour also protects newt embryos from the negative effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In fie ...
... species carefully wrap single eggs into leaves of aquatic vegetation in shallow water. Wrapping behaviour may protect eggs from predators and from mechanical damage. We hypothesized that egg-wrapping behaviour also protects newt embryos from the negative effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In fie ...
Egg-wrapping behaviour protects newt embryos from UV radiation
... species carefully wrap single eggs into leaves of aquatic vegetation in shallow water. Wrapping behaviour may protect eggs from predators and from mechanical damage. We hypothesized that egg-wrapping behaviour also protects newt embryos from the negative effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In fie ...
... species carefully wrap single eggs into leaves of aquatic vegetation in shallow water. Wrapping behaviour may protect eggs from predators and from mechanical damage. We hypothesized that egg-wrapping behaviour also protects newt embryos from the negative effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. In fie ...
Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) in projection radiography
... The results showed a significant potential of reducing entrance surface doses for patients in typical diagnostic imaging situations. One of the reasons for the remarkably lower values of the 75th percentiles in this survey (compared to the existing DRLs) is explained by the high optimization potenti ...
... The results showed a significant potential of reducing entrance surface doses for patients in typical diagnostic imaging situations. One of the reasons for the remarkably lower values of the 75th percentiles in this survey (compared to the existing DRLs) is explained by the high optimization potenti ...
x-ray examinations in health care
... The referral shall clearly specify the examination indication and other details necessary to ensure that the X-ray examination can be performed in an optimal manner. An X-ray examination must be optimized to achieve the objective set for the examination while minimising exposure of the examinee to r ...
... The referral shall clearly specify the examination indication and other details necessary to ensure that the X-ray examination can be performed in an optimal manner. An X-ray examination must be optimized to achieve the objective set for the examination while minimising exposure of the examinee to r ...
Shielding of Medical Facilities. Shielding Desing Considerations for
... to install and to operate, with many new capabilities. PETs are so expensive that there are only about 150 installations around the world, which are mainly concentrated in USA, Europe and Japan. In the Southern Hemisphere, only Australia and Argentina have a very small number of PET facilities. Actu ...
... to install and to operate, with many new capabilities. PETs are so expensive that there are only about 150 installations around the world, which are mainly concentrated in USA, Europe and Japan. In the Southern Hemisphere, only Australia and Argentina have a very small number of PET facilities. Actu ...
Code of Practice for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology: Draft
... Effective dose – the tissue-weighted sum of equivalent doses in all specified tissues and organs of the body. Equivalent dose – the radiation-weighted dose in a tissue or organ of the body. Facility – the location at which radiological and ancillary equipment is installed, used, handled or stored. I ...
... Effective dose – the tissue-weighted sum of equivalent doses in all specified tissues and organs of the body. Equivalent dose – the radiation-weighted dose in a tissue or organ of the body. Facility – the location at which radiological and ancillary equipment is installed, used, handled or stored. I ...
Code of Practice for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology: Draft
... Effective dose – the tissue-weighted sum of equivalent doses in all specified tissues and organs of the body. Equivalent dose – the radiation-weighted dose in a tissue or organ of the body. Facility – the location at which radiological and ancillary equipment is installed, used, handled or stored. I ...
... Effective dose – the tissue-weighted sum of equivalent doses in all specified tissues and organs of the body. Equivalent dose – the radiation-weighted dose in a tissue or organ of the body. Facility – the location at which radiological and ancillary equipment is installed, used, handled or stored. I ...
Radiation burn
A radiation burn is damage to the skin or other biological tissue caused by exposure to radiation. The radiation types of greatest concern are thermal radiation, radio frequency energy, ultraviolet light and ionizing radiation.The most common type of radiation burn is a sunburn caused by UV radiation. High exposure to X-rays during diagnostic medical imaging or radiotherapy can also result in radiation burns. As the ionizing radiation interacts with cells within the body—damaging them—the body responds to this damage, typically resulting in erythema—that is, redness around the damaged area. Radiation burns are often associated with radiation-induced cancer due to the ability of ionizing radiation to interact with and damage DNA, occasionally inducing a cell to become cancerous. Cavity magnetrons can be improperly used to create surface and internal burning. Depending on the photon energy, gamma radiation can cause very deep gamma burns, with 60Co internal burns are common. Beta burns tend to be shallow as beta particles are not able to penetrate deep into the person; these burns can be similar to sunburn.Radiation burns can also occur with high power radio transmitters at any frequency where the body absorbs radio frequency energy and converts it to heat. The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) considers 50 watts to be the lowest power above which radio stations must evaluate emission safety. Frequencies considered especially dangerous occur where the human body can become resonant, at 35 MHz, 70 MHz, 80-100 MHz, 400 MHz, and 1 GHz. Exposure to microwaves of too high intensity can cause microwave burns.