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File Ref.No.38933/GA - IV - J2/2013/CU  UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
File Ref.No.38933/GA - IV - J2/2013/CU UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT

... months followed by clinical training of 12 months in two semesters. A project work is to be submitted during the period. VI. MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION – English VII. ATTENDANCE – A candidate is required to put in at least 80% attendance in theory and   practical subjects separately in the recognized ins ...
Cardiovascular Imaging With Computed Tomography
Cardiovascular Imaging With Computed Tomography

... impact on appropriateness criteria. However, the relatively noninvasive nature of a test alone does not establish its usefulness for screening, in particular because false positives in patients with low pre-test probability can be associated with untoward outcome (19). Further, CT guidelines should ...
Lecture Outline 16: Special Topics in Protection
Lecture Outline 16: Special Topics in Protection

... COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY An x-ray modality developed in the early ’70’s by Sir Godfrey Hounsfield. Originally designed to produce crosssectional images of the brain. ...
Radiation Protection and Performance Evaluation of PET-CT
Radiation Protection and Performance Evaluation of PET-CT

... radiographers and all supervising physicians have a responsibility to minimise radiation dose to individual patients, staff, and society as a whole, while maintaining the necessary diagnostic image quality. This concept is known as “As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA).” ...
Advice should be obtained from the Radiation Protection Advisor If
Advice should be obtained from the Radiation Protection Advisor If

... This form must be completed by the investigator of a new research study that requires patients to undergo tests performed by the Imaging CBU / Nuclear Medicine department. Please include a copy of the study protocol with this form. ...
Influence of CBCT exposure conditions on radiation dose
Influence of CBCT exposure conditions on radiation dose

... A CB MercuRay CBCT scanner (Hitachi Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) was used for this experiment. In this device, the x-ray source revolves 360 degrees around the patient’s head in 9.6 seconds, collecting 288 images. The CB MercuRay has user-controlled variables for tube current and tube voltage. The ...
Dr. Schwartz Presentation on MRI guided Focused Ultrasound for ET
Dr. Schwartz Presentation on MRI guided Focused Ultrasound for ET

... No cross-sectional imaging! Air and iodinated contrast in the ventricles to measure the AC-PC line and see the top of the thalamus. Computer generated “operative template” customizing the S&B atlas. Stimulation mapping to correct for distortions. “…somatosensory data plotted exactly where obtained, ...
Optimising patient dose The right dose of expertise
Optimising patient dose The right dose of expertise

... between 50 to 60%, compared to traditional Barium Fluoro Bromide CR systems. Contact Agfa HealthCare for more details. ...
How do we achieve Optimization?
How do we achieve Optimization?

... Spectra of 80 kV X-ray beams with and without 0.2 mm copper filter. ...
Fiducial Markers in Image-guided Radiotherapy
Fiducial Markers in Image-guided Radiotherapy

... image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT). The markers are implantable devices designed to act as reliable surrogates for imaging anatomic structures of interest. Fiducial marker techniques were originally developed in the preconformal radiotherapy era for positional verification of tissues that were not eas ...
Treatment Planning Target and Structure Definition
Treatment Planning Target and Structure Definition

... A multi-slice CT scanner is used and the couch speed is reduced to accommodate breathing cycle During the scanning the patient’s breathing phase is monitored using a device such as Philips Bellows, Varian’s Real-time Position Management System (RPM) or Elekta’s Active Breathing Coordinator (ABC). ...
Techniques to lower CT dose
Techniques to lower CT dose

... Dose management must be a high priority not only for Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) exams but also for routine studies. As such, it is important that technologists know the available options on the CT scanner to utilize dose reduction techniques. In fact, due to recent events concer ...
Cone Beam (CT) Radiography - School of Dental Medicine
Cone Beam (CT) Radiography - School of Dental Medicine

... “hands on” training with visualization software and become competent in common applications such as measurement of bone height and width for implant planning, examination of the temporomandibular joints and visualization of impacted teeth. The course culminates with a multiple choice examination. Pa ...
Consumer Guide to Imaging Modalities
Consumer Guide to Imaging Modalities

... done to minimize the size of the heart, and allow a better view of the lungs.) Alternatively, doctors may order lateral chest x-rays, in which a patient stands with their arms straight in the air so the x-ray beam passes through their side.3 X-ray radiation can be applied to any part of a patient’s ...
ACR Practice Guideline for Diagnostic Reference Levels in Medical
ACR Practice Guideline for Diagnostic Reference Levels in Medical

... an investigation level to identify unusually high radiation doses or exposure levels for common diagnostic medical X-ray imaging procedures [1-3]. Reference levels are based on actual patient doses for specific procedures measured at a number of representative clinical facilities. The levels are set ...
Physics of CT
Physics of CT

... a high contrast object occupies part of voxel (bone). scanner is unable to differentiate between a small amount of high-density material (e.g. bone) and a larger amount of other tissue densities (brain). The processor average out the two structures, it raises CT No of pixel & appears higher than it ...
Contrast Optimization in Low Radiation Dose Imaging
Contrast Optimization in Low Radiation Dose Imaging

... agencies, as well as professional radiologic societies and equipment manufacturers, are all invested in balancing the estimated risk of radiation exposure with the potential diagnostic benefit of CT imaging. Radiation exposure reduction is important to consider in all patients, particularly in pedia ...
Physician Simulation Orders: Body Stereo - Lung
Physician Simulation Orders: Body Stereo - Lung

... Simulations will not be scheduled unless filled out Stage: ECOG status: CHOOSE Treatment method: Standard SBRT Total Gy: ...
CTbushong2
CTbushong2

... Fourth Generation Patient dose may be somewhat higher with fourth-generation scanners because of interspace between detectors  When there is an interspace between detectors, some x-radiation falls on the interspace, resulting in a wasted dose  As the fan beam passes across each detector, an image ...
Title Slide Option (navy) (Scroll for all color
Title Slide Option (navy) (Scroll for all color

... America, 3Pfizer, Inc. New York, NY/United States of America Mini Oral Presentation at the 16th World Conference on Lung Cancer, Sep 6-9, 2015, Denver, CO, USA ...
EE-40: Prediction of Glioma Grade Based on
EE-40: Prediction of Glioma Grade Based on

... - More accurate evaluation of vascular perfusion (UCAs are purely intravascular agents and do not diffuse into interstitium). ...
Vinnitsa National Medical University
Vinnitsa National Medical University

... dense tissues (air or water) appear black. The addition of contrast makes tissues that enhance appear more dense or white. CT is a good imaging modality for diagnosis of acute neurosurgical lesions in the head and spine. Little preparation of the patient is needed and the scans are performed and pro ...
Three-dimensional fusion computed
Three-dimensional fusion computed

... Thomas S. Huber, MD, PhD, and Adam W. Beck, MD, Gainesville, Fla Objective: Endovascular surgery has revolutionized the treatment of aortic aneurysms; however, these improvements have come at the cost of increased radiation and contrast exposure, particularly for more complex procedures. Threedimens ...
New Joint Commission Requirements for Diagnostic
New Joint Commission Requirements for Diagnostic

... critical access hospitals and ambulatory health care organizations go into effect July 1, 2015. The standards incorporate recommendations from imaging experts, professional associations and accredited organizations about areas that must be evaluated to ensure the safe delivery of diagnostic imaging ...
Standardization of Terminology and Reporting Criteria
Standardization of Terminology and Reporting Criteria

... Description of treated tumors (size, number, location) Tumor size stratification: mean maximum diameter o 3 cm (small), 3–5 cm (intermediate), and 4 5 cm (large) Degree of diagnostic proof required (eg, imaging criteria alone, tissue biopsy) Tumor stage at the time of treatment ...
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Radiosurgery

Radiosurgery is surgery using radiation, that is, the destruction of precisely selected areas of tissue using ionizing radiation rather than excision with a blade. Like other forms of radiation therapy, it is usually used to treat cancer. Radiosurgery was originally defined by the Swedish neurosurgeon Lars Leksell as “a single high dose fraction of radiation, stereotactically directed to an intracranial region of interest”. In stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), the word stereotactic refers to a three-dimensional coordinate system that enables accurate correlation of a virtual target seen in the patient's diagnostic images with the actual target position in the patient anatomy.Technological improvements in medical imaging and computing have led to increased clinical adoption of stereotactic radiosurgery and have broadened its scope in recent years. Notwithstanding these improvements, the localization accuracy and precision that are implicit in the word “stereotactic” remain of utmost importance for radiosurgical interventions today. Stereotactic accuracy and precision are significantly increased by using a device known as the N-localizer that was invented by the American physician and computer scientist Russell Brown and that has achieved widespread clinical use in several stereotactic surgical and radiosurgical systems.Recently, the original concept of radiosurgery has been expanded to include treatments comprising up to five fractions, and stereotactic radiosurgery has been redefined as a distinct neurosurgical discipline that utilizes externally generated ionizing radiation to inactivate or eradicate defined targets in the head or spine without the need for a surgical incision. Irrespective of the similarities between the concepts of stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated radiotherapy, and although both treatment modalities are reported to have identical outcomes for certain indications, the intent of both approaches is fundamentally different. The aim of stereotactic radiosurgery is to destroy target tissue while preserving adjacent normal tissue, where fractionated radiotherapy relies on a different sensitivity of the target and the surrounding normal tissue to the total accumulated radiation dose. Historically, the field of fractionated radiotherapy evolved from the original concept of stereotactic radiosurgery following discovery of the principles of radiobiology: repair, reassortment, repopulation, and reoxygenation. Today, both treatment techniques are complementary as tumors that may be resistant to fractionated radiotherapy may respond well to radiosurgery and tumors that are too large or too close to critical organs for safe radiosurgery may be suitable candidates for fractionated radiotherapy.
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