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Characterization of the Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) Biosynthetic Genes
Characterization of the Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) Biosynthetic Genes

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File

... Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension 41) Which of the following statements about anabolic steroids is false? A) They cause a general buildup of muscle mass. B) They often cause the body to reduce its normal output of sex hormones. C) They promote bone growth. D) They can stimulate mood swings and violent ...
Structure of LEP100, a Glycoprotein That Shuttles between
Structure of LEP100, a Glycoprotein That Shuttles between

... to be Asn on the basis of failure to identify any residue with or without reduction and alkylation of the protein before Edman degradation, and positions 26 and 27 were suspected to be Cys or Ser. (These predictions were confirmed by the nucleotide sequence.) With Asn assigned to position 15, the se ...
Lipid metabolism in the fowl under normal and abnormal
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... Large amounts of lipids (>IOO mg/g fresh weight) accumulate in the liver cells, disorganizing their internal structure and imparting a putty colour to the liver. The whole organ is very friable, probably owing to the degeneration of reticulin (Hall, 1974). The fat present has abnormally high content ...
acetyl CoA - LSU School of Medicine
acetyl CoA - LSU School of Medicine

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Exploring the genomic traits of fungus
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Biochemical Aspects of Digestion of Lipids
Biochemical Aspects of Digestion of Lipids

Milk Protein - AgroMedia International Inc
Milk Protein - AgroMedia International Inc

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9. Shikimates and Phenyl propanoids

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Details of the Antioxidant Mechanism of Hydroxycinnamic Acids

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regulation of fatty acid synthesis

... ACCase with structure related to the β subunit of the carboxyltransferase found in the multisubunit ACCase of Escherichia coli (88). A flurry of interest in this topic has resulted in rapid extension of these initial studies. It has now been clarified that dicots and most monocots have both forms of ...
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Presentations in Biochemistry for MS 1

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SURVEY AND SUMMARY A profusion of upstream open reading
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Cyanuric acid hydrolase: evolutionary innovation by structural
Cyanuric acid hydrolase: evolutionary innovation by structural

... by AtzD is likely to be magnesium (Dudev et al., 1999; Fig. 3D). Anomalous scattering data show that the native metal ion is either magnesium or sodium (Supplemental Fig. S1). Unfortunately, it is not possible to distinguish between Na+ and Mg2+ by anomalous scattering as both cations have an identi ...
Properties of Enzymes Lab
Properties of Enzymes Lab

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enzyme activity
enzyme activity

Gonococcal outer-membrane protein PIB
Gonococcal outer-membrane protein PIB

... To define more precisely the epitope recognized by mAb SM198, a series of decapeptides corresponding to the region of interest, between residues 101 and 120, were synthesized with adjacent peptides differing by a single amino acid residue. Antibody SM198 reacted with six peptides all containing the ...
< 1 ... 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 ... 622 >

Amino acid synthesis

Amino acid synthesis is the set of biochemical processes (metabolic pathways) by which the various amino acids are produced from other compounds. The substrates for these processes are various compounds in the organism's diet or growth media. Not all organisms are able to synthesise all amino acids. Humans are excellent example of this, since humans can only synthesise 11 of the 20 standard amino acids (aka non-essential amino acid), and in time of accelerated growth, arginine, can be considered an essential amino acid.A fundamental problem for biological systems is to obtain nitrogen in an easily usable form. This problem is solved by certain microorganisms capable of reducing the inert N≡N molecule (nitrogen gas) to two molecules of ammonia in one of the most remarkable reactions in biochemistry. Ammonia is the source of nitrogen for all the amino acids. The carbon backbones come from the glycolytic pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, or the citric acid cycle.In amino acid production, one encounters an important problem in biosynthesis, namely stereochemical control. Because all amino acids except glycine are chiral, biosynthetic pathways must generate the correct isomer with high fidelity. In each of the 19 pathways for the generation of chiral amino acids, the stereochemistry at the α-carbon atom is established by a transamination reaction that involves pyridoxal phosphate. Almost all the transaminases that catalyze these reactions descend from a common ancestor, illustrating once again that effective solutions to biochemical problems are retained throughout evolution.Biosynthetic pathways are often highly regulated such that building-blocks are synthesized only when supplies are low. Very often, a high concentration of the final product of a pathway inhibits the activity of enzymes that function early in the pathway. Often present are allosteric enzymes capable of sensing and responding to concentrations of regulatory species. These enzymes are similar in functional properties to aspartate transcarbamoylase and its regulators. Feedback and allosteric mechanisms ensure that all twenty amino acids are maintained in sufficient amounts for protein synthesis and other processes.
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