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Effect of levetiracetam on penicillin induced epileptic activity in rats
Effect of levetiracetam on penicillin induced epileptic activity in rats

... the synapse morphology were normal in SV2A knockout mice (Crowder et al. 1999). Another study showed that SV2 proteins are not essential for synaptic transmission, neurotransmitter current or storage but they are important during synaptic activation (seizure activity) by regulating Ca2+ dynamics in ...
A mathematical model for maximizing the value of phase 3
A mathematical model for maximizing the value of phase 3

... Finally, portfolio optimization cannot be static. Sponsors of phase 3 trials are most often large and medium companies with pipelines of drugs at various stages of development. Phase 3 portfolio development strategy will thus require planning over a time horizon within which a number of viable candi ...
Facial Expression Classification Using RBF AND Back
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... developed to solve demanding pattern processing problems, like speech and image processing, which were intractable or extremely cumbersome when implemented using traditional computing [16]. By analogy with the human brain, neural networks are massively parallel systems that rely on simple processors ...
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... According to the 2010 NSDUH, marijuana accounted for 4.5 million of the estimated 7.1 million Americans dependent on or abusing illicit drugs. In 2009, approximately 18 percent of people aged 12 and older entering drug abuse treatment programs reported marijuana as their primary drug of abuse; 61 p ...
View/Open
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... control signals from two major sources: (1) corticofugal fibers returning in a backward direction from the primary visual cortex to the lateral geniculate nucleus, and (2) reticular areas of the mesencephalon. Both of these are inhibitory and, when stimulated, can turn off transmission through selec ...
M1 Corticospinal Mirror Neurons and Their Role in
M1 Corticospinal Mirror Neurons and Their Role in

... cortex (M1) respond during action observation [1, 2], a property first shown for mirror neurons in monkey premotor cortex [3]. We now show for the first time that the discharge of a major class of M1 output neuron, the pyramidal tract neuron (PTN), is modulated during observation of precision grip b ...
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PDF

... ‘temporal’, and ‘occipital’ to refer to the anterior, medialinferior and posterior areas of the brain, respectively.11 It was not until the mid 19th century that the brain convolutions would be described as they are today. Broca’s contributions and Fritsch and Hitzing’s experiments on brain excitabi ...
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Imaging the Functional Organization of Zebrafish

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Mirror neurons and their clinical relevance
Mirror neurons and their clinical relevance

... Traditionally, it has been assumed that the understanding of actions performed by others depends on inferential reasoning.1–3 Theoretically, when we witness the actions of others, the information could initially be subjected to sensory processing and then be sent to higher order ‘association’ areas ...
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... Drosophila has recently become a powerful model system to understand the mechanisms of temporal patterning of neural progenitors called neuroblasts (NBs). Two different temporal sequences of transcription factors (TFs) have been found to be sequentially expressed in NBs of two different systems: the ...
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... placenta. The fibrate drugs are excreted predominantly as glucuronide conjugates; 60% to 90% of an oral dose is excreted in the urine, with smaller amounts appearing in the feces. Excretion of these drugs is impaired in renal failure, though excretion of gemfibrozil was reported to be less severely ...
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[PDF]

... translational suppressor, overexpression could lead to apoptosis via translational oversuppression of bona fide target mRNAs or promiscuFigure 4 AGO1 dominantly modulates dFmr1 function in synaptic growth and structure. (a) Shown ous translational suppression of non-target are the neuromuscular junc ...
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... and in this context, for any other mental disorder. In this respect, genetic research may prove to be most valuable, mainly because the identification of autism-associated genetic variants can provide leads towards disease mechanisms involved, and biological targets for drug development. However, we ...
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... whereas increased release of NE in both the peripheral and central nervous systems is thought to mediate its cardiovascular effects. The neurotoxic effects of METH on both dopaminergic and serotonergic nerves requires the transport of METH into the nerve terminals (Seiden et al., 1993). Thus, transp ...
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Saw Palmetto Botany

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... changes reported in energy metabolism7 and oxidative stress6 in the brain previously found by our research group. DMD is characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness. At the cellular level, the loss of dystrophin initiates a complex series of pathophysiological changes that drive skeleta ...
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... potential applications of VAL-083 in other cancerous tumor types beyond its current Phase I/II refractory GBM clinical trial into nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other solid tumors. We see the announcement as a positive step for DelMar and note that it brings total funding from NRC-IRAP to CDN ...
Saw Palmetto Botany
Saw Palmetto Botany

... • If used as an anthelminthic, the patients should be monitored to ensure efficacy. • Caution should be taken to monitor urine output. As with any diuretic, forced diuresis with urinary obstruction may cause nephrotoxicity. ...
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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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