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Structure-based drug design strategies in medicinal
Structure-based drug design strategies in medicinal

... insights into the identification of new targets for drug intervention, presenting attractive opportunities for the discovery of new agents with important therapeutic properties. Several hundred molecular targets have been cloned and are currently evaluated as drug targets. These mainly include G-pro ...
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A Short Course in Pharmacokinetics

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LWW PPT Slide Template Master

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John Salamone: Dopamine, Motivation and Schizophrenia
John Salamone: Dopamine, Motivation and Schizophrenia

... antipsychotics based upon their mesolimbic actions; perhaps antipsychotic effects are due to actions on other systems (e.g. mesocortical DA). • They are related; the core antipsychotic effect could be directly dependent upon the fundamental motivational effects of D2 antagonists, which can be studie ...
Untitled - AntonioDeVuono
Untitled - AntonioDeVuono

... Introduction: Pharmacovigilance (PV) is designed to monitor drugs continuously after their commercialization, assessing and improving their safety profile. The main objective is to increase the spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), in order to have a wide variety of information. Th ...
The antinociceptive activity of Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes in
The antinociceptive activity of Polygonatum verticillatum rhizomes in

... 2.8.2. Total alkaloid contents The total alkaloid contents of PR and subsequent solvent fractions of Polygonatum verticillatum was estimated by using method developed previously (Obadoni and Ochuko, 2001). Briefly, 2 g of each was defatted by extraction with petroleum ether, heated gently on water-ba ...
ECE 517 Final Project Development of Predator/Prey Behavior via Reinforcement Learning
ECE 517 Final Project Development of Predator/Prey Behavior via Reinforcement Learning

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NIZORAL 200 MG TABLETS
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The New Generation of Targeted Therapies for

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Cortical Motor Organization, Mirror Neurons, and

... Altogether, the two studies indicate that there are mirror neurons whose function is only that of encoding the goal of a motor act, while others, beyond this property, can also contribute to provide the observer with the details of the observed act, probably through feedback connections between moto ...
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SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 4 CLINICAL

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... DPD, has revealed more than 30 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and deletions within DPYD, although only a minority has been found to directly result in enzymatic alterations (17) and only one allele, DPYD*2A, has been prospectively linked to toxicity in a large clinical trial (18). The clinic ...
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What We Know and Do Not Know about the Functions of the

... expected outcomes, which may contribute to teaching signals early in reversal (Stalnaker et al., 2007). Alternatively, reversal learning may rely on rules regarding the occurrence rather than the value of reward per se (Murray and Izquierdo, 2007), suggesting different underlying mechanisms underlyi ...
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Ensuring Safety in Exploratory Development: Preparation for First in

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R Sams - National Thoroughbred Racing Association

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Complete morphologies of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in

... structure called an axon that carries the electrical signals generated in the cell body and the dendrites to the next neuron in the network. One of the most studied networks in the human brain is the basal forebrain network, which is made up of large neurons that communicate with one another using a ...
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How the body controls brain temperature: the temperature shielding

... largely depends on maintaining brain temperature. However, the mechanisms protecting brain against a cooler environment are poorly understood. Reported herein is the first detailed measurement of the brain-temperature profile. It is found to be exponential, defined by a characteristic temperature sh ...
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CRF Enhancement of GIRK Channel-Mediated

... identification was based on the sensitivity to iontophoretically applied dopamine, a hyperpolarization-induced Ih current and the presence of spontaneous pacemaker firing of wide (E2 ms) action potentials at 1–5 Hz. The precise identification of dopamine cells has been the subject of recent interest ...
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Basic Mechanisms of Learning and Memory

... DNA codes for proteins (DNA → mRNA → Protein) Proteins are polypeptides (= long chains of amino acids) Some proteins (e.g., NMDA channel) are made up of multiple subunits Proteins have a definite 3-D shape An important structural feature is the receptor site A ligand is anything that binds to a rece ...
How is Epilepsy Diagnosed?
How is Epilepsy Diagnosed?

... The brain consists of more than 100 billion nerve cells. These all communicate with one another; some provoke others into sending further messages (excitation), while others tend to block them (inhibition). The proper working of the brain depends on a balance between these: too many nerve cells send ...
Category-specific Conceptual Processing of
Category-specific Conceptual Processing of

... words (Preissl et al., 1995; Martin et al., 1996; Pulvermüller et al., 1999). Among the action words, those related to movements of the face, arm or leg activated fronto-central cortex in a somatotopic fashion (Hauk et al., 2004; Shtyrov et al., 2004), consistent with the claim that sensorimotor co ...
A role for FKBP52 in Tau protein function
A role for FKBP52 in Tau protein function

... several human neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as tauopathies. They include Alzheimer’s disease, Pick’s disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17. Several abnormalities in Tau, such as hyperphosphorylation and aggregat ...
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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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