• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Chapter 13 - Martini
Chapter 13 - Martini

... – Carry sensory inputs into the CNS via the central processes of their axons. They begin at the general sensory receptors of the skin (somatic sensory) and internal organs (visceral sensory). – Are also known as afferent pathways. – Special sense will be covered in Chapter 17 ...
Rewardguided learning beyond dopamine in the nucleus
Rewardguided learning beyond dopamine in the nucleus

... which are more similar to Pavlovian responses in their relative insensitivity to changes in the instrumental contingency, but are also impervious to outcome devaluation because the outcome is not part of the representational structure controlling performance (cf. Dickinson, 1985; and below for furth ...
Potential treatments for CJD
Potential treatments for CJD

... disease development before the onset of actual symptoms. The duration of this incubation period for variant CJD is uncertain but the minimum incubation period may be 5 years and it would not be surprising if the average incubation period were around 10 years. It is important to realise that the curr ...
The Use of ODESI in the Social Sciences
The Use of ODESI in the Social Sciences

... serotonin, this lead to increased levels of norepinephire and serotonin in the brain. This increase in neurotransmitters resulted in the concept that depression was caused by a deficiency of neurotransmitters in the brain (Julien, 2005). The early antidepressants could be grouped into two different ...
experimental models for neurodegenerative diseases
experimental models for neurodegenerative diseases

... Studies conducted in the past decades on experimental models have provided the basis for most of our current knowledge on the pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Nevertheless, a considerable hiatus remains between the significant advances made in the understanding of t ...
The neural encoding of self-generated and externally applied
The neural encoding of self-generated and externally applied

... for   the   directional   tuning   of   head   direction   cells   in   the   limbic   system   as   well   as   neurons  in  areas  of  multimodal  association  cortex.  However,  recent  investigations  in   monkeys   and   mice   challenge ...
Discovery of (2,4-Dihydroxy-5-isopropylphenyl)-[5
Discovery of (2,4-Dihydroxy-5-isopropylphenyl)-[5

... 1 is a potent inhibitor of Hsp90 which binds in the ATPase binding site (Figure 1c). The 2-hydroxyl group forms hydrogen bonds with the side chain carboxylate of Asp93 and a water molecule (mediating to Asp93). The 4-hydroxyl group displaces one of the conserved water molecules observed in the apo a ...
A Unified Mathematical Framework for Coding Time, Space,
A Unified Mathematical Framework for Coding Time, Space,

... In many cases, the nervous system constructs a representation of a function of a sensory variable, say the amplitude of a sound as a function of frequency. Consider the representation of a chord; two notes presented simultaneously. It is not sufficient to represent the chord as the average of the tw ...
Alpha-blockers in Renal Disease - Journal of the Association of
Alpha-blockers in Renal Disease - Journal of the Association of

... Role of α-Blockers In the Indian scenario, several drugs like clonidine and prazosin are commonly used, which are not represented in the international clinical guidelines of hypertension. 7 Post the observations from ALLHAT, regarding increased risk of cardiac failure with doxazosin compared to chlo ...
Botulinum Toxin in the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Headaches
Botulinum Toxin in the Treatment of Chronic Pain and Headaches

... activity in the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study. CE Dobek, et al. The Journal of Pain. 2014. ...
SW_QA226_1_Noacs_Complementary_Medicines_Final
SW_QA226_1_Noacs_Complementary_Medicines_Final

... Herbal medicines have been widely used for thousands of years and have gained increasing popularity [1]. Many UK patients use herbal medicines, frequently without consulting their conventional healthcare professionals [2]. As herbal medicines are often taken in combination with conventional medicine ...
CHEMICAL STABILITY STUDIES OF BIOADHESIVE TOPICAL GEL  Research Article LALIT KUMAR
CHEMICAL STABILITY STUDIES OF BIOADHESIVE TOPICAL GEL  Research Article LALIT KUMAR

... polymer (Natural polymer and Hydroxyethyl cellulose) was weighed  and it was sprinkled slowly on the surface of purified water for 2 h.  After which it was continuously stirred by mechanical stirrer, till the  polymer  gets  soaked  in  the  water.  With  continuous  stirring,  triethanolamine  was  ...
Forward Processing of Long-Term Associative Memory in Monkey
Forward Processing of Long-Term Associative Memory in Monkey

... Figure 2. Stimulus-selective responses to both paired associates of two representative A36 neurons (A and B for one neuron; C and D for the other neuron). A, C, Raster displays and PSTHs in the optimal (optimal, thick black line) and pair ( pair, thick gray line) trials. The trials were aligned at t ...
DENS 521 4th S
DENS 521 4th S

...  In healthy subjects, their half-lives range from 1 hour (cefotaxime) to between 6 and 8 hours (ceftriaxone)  These antibiotics diffuse well into most tissues (e.g., cefotaxime and ceftriaxone  Excretion is primarily renal  Indications include suspected bacterial meningitis and treatment of hosp ...
Head Direction Cells in the Postsubiculum Do Not Show Replay... Prior Waking Sequences During Sleep of spatial information. Postsubiculum neurons are
Head Direction Cells in the Postsubiculum Do Not Show Replay... Prior Waking Sequences During Sleep of spatial information. Postsubiculum neurons are

... but tests of head direction replay have not been published. Previous studies have shown that hippocampal ripples trigger spiking and replay in distant brain ...
Effect of drug type on the degradation rate of PLGA
Effect of drug type on the degradation rate of PLGA

... [1–5]. Controlled release of drugs from biodegradable polymer matrices promises to reduce patient non-compliance, and has been widely investigated as a tool for the long-term release of drugs [6,7]. While decanoate preparation [3,4] or conjugation [8,9] require chemical modification of the drugs, de ...
Allergic disease
Allergic disease

... On further exposure between the allergen and the immune system, allergen molecules bind to IgE antibodies on mast cells. When one such molecule connects with two IgE molecules on the cell surface, it draws together the attached IgE receptors, thereby directly or indirectly activating various enzymes ...
Uses of Genomic Information in the Diagnosis of Disease Bethany
Uses of Genomic Information in the Diagnosis of Disease Bethany

... the liver to inactive agents. Generally there are no allergies associated with amide anesthetics ...
13. Major R&D Pipeline In-House R&D Pipeline List New Approval
13. Major R&D Pipeline In-House R&D Pipeline List New Approval

... Description: Increases levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain by inhibiting its breakdown by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, thereby slowing the overall progression of symptoms associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Currently approved in more than 90 countries around the world ...
The functional role of the parieto-frontal mirror circuit
The functional role of the parieto-frontal mirror circuit

... somatosensory, visual and auditory areas. In this Review, we focus on the mirror properties of the circuit formed in the monkey by parietal areas PFG and the anterior intraparietal area (AIP), and frontal area F5. Recently it was shown that two other areas of the parietal lobe also have mirror neuro ...
Center-Surround Interactions in the Middle Temporal Visual Area of
Center-Surround Interactions in the Middle Temporal Visual Area of

... revealed columnar groups of neurons whose receptive fields had opposite types of center-surround interaction with respect to moving visual stimuli. In one type of column, neurons responded well to objects such as a single bar or spot but poorly to large textured stimuli such as random dots. This was ...
The Stability of Monoclonal Antibodies (MABs)
The Stability of Monoclonal Antibodies (MABs)

... monospecific antibodies that are the same because they are made by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell  Sources of MABs – mouse and human (chimeric) ...
FINE STRUCTURE OF NERVE FIBERS AND GROWTH CONES OF
FINE STRUCTURE OF NERVE FIBERS AND GROWTH CONES OF

... FIGURE :t Neuron A, areas c, c', c" of Fig. 1. Spread out area c emerges from the fiber (which runs horizontally at the top of the figure) where numerous components of endoplasmic retieulum are seen. Area c', located about halfway between the fiber and the tip, contains long meandering tubules of a ...
Learning place cells, grid cells and invariances: A unifying model
Learning place cells, grid cells and invariances: A unifying model

... within minutes [4]. Moreover, grid cells react quickly to changes in the environment [42–44]. These observations challenge models for grid cells that require gradual synaptic changes during spatial exploration. In principle, the time scale of plasticitybased models can be augmented arbitrarily by in ...
DEPARTAMENT DE FARMACOLOGIA, DE TERAPÈUTICA I DE TOXICOLOGIA
DEPARTAMENT DE FARMACOLOGIA, DE TERAPÈUTICA I DE TOXICOLOGIA

... 6. CONCLUDING REMARKS .......................................................... 197 ...
< 1 ... 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 ... 1329 >

Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report