Free PDF - European Review for Medical and
... could be concluded that the extract of interest exhibits significant in vitro anti-HSV-1 activity. There are various possibilities for the observed intracellular anti-HSV activity from sea cucumber water extract including, prevention of virus uncoating, inhibition of viral DNA synthesis, virus trans ...
... could be concluded that the extract of interest exhibits significant in vitro anti-HSV-1 activity. There are various possibilities for the observed intracellular anti-HSV activity from sea cucumber water extract including, prevention of virus uncoating, inhibition of viral DNA synthesis, virus trans ...
Frontostriatal mechanisms in instruction-based learning
... The concept of learning by trial-and-error dates back to the early days of instrumental learning (e.g., Thorndike, 1911). In a nutshell, you realize that your action is correct if it gets reinforced by monetary reward or positive cognitive feedback in humans, or juice or food pellets in monkeys and ...
... The concept of learning by trial-and-error dates back to the early days of instrumental learning (e.g., Thorndike, 1911). In a nutshell, you realize that your action is correct if it gets reinforced by monetary reward or positive cognitive feedback in humans, or juice or food pellets in monkeys and ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
... is due to factors such as polypharmacy, suboptimal monitoring, non-adherence and pathological or agerelated physiological changes. Regular performance of pharmacy-initiated medication reviews is prominent among methods that have been advocated to reduce the extent and seriousness of such problems.[1 ...
... is due to factors such as polypharmacy, suboptimal monitoring, non-adherence and pathological or agerelated physiological changes. Regular performance of pharmacy-initiated medication reviews is prominent among methods that have been advocated to reduce the extent and seriousness of such problems.[1 ...
The Detoxification Enzyme Systems
... toxic than the parent molecule, are produced. If these reactive molecules are not further metabolized by Phase II conjugation, they may cause damage to proteins, RNA, and DNA within the cell.4 Several studies have shown evidence of associations between induced Phase I and/or decreased Phase II activ ...
... toxic than the parent molecule, are produced. If these reactive molecules are not further metabolized by Phase II conjugation, they may cause damage to proteins, RNA, and DNA within the cell.4 Several studies have shown evidence of associations between induced Phase I and/or decreased Phase II activ ...
The role of repulsive guidance molecules in the
... Department of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan During the development of the nervous system, outgrowing axons often have to travel long distances to reach their target neurons. In this process, outgrowing neurites tipped with ...
... Department of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan During the development of the nervous system, outgrowing axons often have to travel long distances to reach their target neurons. In this process, outgrowing neurites tipped with ...
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Aldosterone Antagonists in
... Congestive heart failure symptoms can occur in the presence of systolic dysfunction usually documented by a decrease in ejection fraction or can present with impaired diastolic function occasionally labeled as heart failure with preserved systolic function of the left ventricle. Over the last two de ...
... Congestive heart failure symptoms can occur in the presence of systolic dysfunction usually documented by a decrease in ejection fraction or can present with impaired diastolic function occasionally labeled as heart failure with preserved systolic function of the left ventricle. Over the last two de ...
as a PDF
... toxic than the parent molecule, are produced. If these reactive molecules are not further metabolized by Phase II conjugation, they may cause damage to proteins, RNA, and DNA within the cell.4 Several studies have shown evidence of associations between induced Phase I and/or decreased Phase II activ ...
... toxic than the parent molecule, are produced. If these reactive molecules are not further metabolized by Phase II conjugation, they may cause damage to proteins, RNA, and DNA within the cell.4 Several studies have shown evidence of associations between induced Phase I and/or decreased Phase II activ ...
V1 mechanisms underlying chromatic contrast detection
... (Graham 1977; Sachs et al. 1971). We asked whether signals measured in V1 at a psychophysical detection threshold (PT) are consistent with the cardinal mechanisms model. Although V1 neurons are not tuned to the cardinal color directions when tested with high-contrast stimuli (Horwitz et al. 2007; Jo ...
... (Graham 1977; Sachs et al. 1971). We asked whether signals measured in V1 at a psychophysical detection threshold (PT) are consistent with the cardinal mechanisms model. Although V1 neurons are not tuned to the cardinal color directions when tested with high-contrast stimuli (Horwitz et al. 2007; Jo ...
nsaids
... unknown it may not be attributable to cyclo-oxygenase inhibition in horses and dogs. Some NSAIDs, such as the 2-arylpropionic acid subgroup including carprofen, ketoprofen, and vedaprofen, contain a single chiral centre and therefore exist as two enantiomeric forms: R(-) and S(+). Such products are ...
... unknown it may not be attributable to cyclo-oxygenase inhibition in horses and dogs. Some NSAIDs, such as the 2-arylpropionic acid subgroup including carprofen, ketoprofen, and vedaprofen, contain a single chiral centre and therefore exist as two enantiomeric forms: R(-) and S(+). Such products are ...
Pharmacology Section - American Epilepsy Society
... Glutamate Receptors Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS. There are two major categories of glutamate receptors: • Ionotropic - fast synaptic transmission • AMPA / kainate: channels conduct primarily Na+ • NMDA: channels conduct both Na+ and Ca++ • NMDA receptor neuromodula ...
... Glutamate Receptors Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS. There are two major categories of glutamate receptors: • Ionotropic - fast synaptic transmission • AMPA / kainate: channels conduct primarily Na+ • NMDA: channels conduct both Na+ and Ca++ • NMDA receptor neuromodula ...
Codeine Intoxication in the Neonate
... until 3 years of age.13 Newborns have been noted to have a reduced ability to conjugate drugs with glucuronic acid and glycine but an increased capacity to conjugate them with sulfate.15 Therefore, codeine is seldom recommended for infants ,6 months of age, because the major metabolic pathway for th ...
... until 3 years of age.13 Newborns have been noted to have a reduced ability to conjugate drugs with glucuronic acid and glycine but an increased capacity to conjugate them with sulfate.15 Therefore, codeine is seldom recommended for infants ,6 months of age, because the major metabolic pathway for th ...
Linköping University Post Print Blood-brain barrier penetration of the
... multidrug resistance (MDR) gene MDR1 (also known as ABCB1). P-gp is a membrane-bound ATP-dependent efflux transporter present at high concentrations in the apical membrane of the endothelial cells of the brain capillaries (Beaulieu et al., 1997; Biegel et al., 1995). P-gp and other drug transporters ...
... multidrug resistance (MDR) gene MDR1 (also known as ABCB1). P-gp is a membrane-bound ATP-dependent efflux transporter present at high concentrations in the apical membrane of the endothelial cells of the brain capillaries (Beaulieu et al., 1997; Biegel et al., 1995). P-gp and other drug transporters ...
Mechanisms of Magnetic Stimulation of Central Nervous System
... funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. ...
... funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. ...
Addictions general
... But not everyone becomes addicted. A great many people drink, even fewer are heavy drinkers, and even fewer become dependent. Ilana Crome, a professor of addiction psychiatry at Keele University, said great progress had been made in recent years in understanding why that is. "We're beginning to unde ...
... But not everyone becomes addicted. A great many people drink, even fewer are heavy drinkers, and even fewer become dependent. Ilana Crome, a professor of addiction psychiatry at Keele University, said great progress had been made in recent years in understanding why that is. "We're beginning to unde ...
Effect of sodium fluoride on the grey matter of spinal cord in the
... arrows) could be observed (H&E, ×1000). (c) Dorsal horn showing some shrunken cells (thick arrows). A dilated blood vessel with distorted endothelium (dashed circle) and some areas of vacuolation (V) could be detected in the neuropil (H&E, ×400). (d) Higher magnification of the dorsal horn showing s ...
... arrows) could be observed (H&E, ×1000). (c) Dorsal horn showing some shrunken cells (thick arrows). A dilated blood vessel with distorted endothelium (dashed circle) and some areas of vacuolation (V) could be detected in the neuropil (H&E, ×400). (d) Higher magnification of the dorsal horn showing s ...
Firing characteristics of deep layer neurons in prefrontal cortex in
... strategies, a random set of four arms was initially available to the rat. When these four arms had been visited, all eight arms were made available. After completion of each trial (eight correct arm choices) all arms were made inaccessible so that the animal had to wait at the center platform until ...
... strategies, a random set of four arms was initially available to the rat. When these four arms had been visited, all eight arms were made available. After completion of each trial (eight correct arm choices) all arms were made inaccessible so that the animal had to wait at the center platform until ...
Dynamics of Propofol-Induced Loss of Consciousness Across
... now thought to be associated with profound oscillations between brain structures (Ching et al., 2010; Cimenser et al., 2011; Lewis et al., 2012; Purdon et al., 2013; Akeju et al., 2014). Human EEG studies show predictable, signature changes during anestheticinduced unconsciousness (Purdon et al., 20 ...
... now thought to be associated with profound oscillations between brain structures (Ching et al., 2010; Cimenser et al., 2011; Lewis et al., 2012; Purdon et al., 2013; Akeju et al., 2014). Human EEG studies show predictable, signature changes during anestheticinduced unconsciousness (Purdon et al., 20 ...
Opiates
... opiate drugs that were being prescribed to their patients and pay a small fee for the right to prescribe such drugs. In the 1920s, the U.S. Supreme Court interpreted the Harrison Act more widely. Under the Court’s new interpretation of the Harrison Act, no physician was permitted to prescribe opia ...
... opiate drugs that were being prescribed to their patients and pay a small fee for the right to prescribe such drugs. In the 1920s, the U.S. Supreme Court interpreted the Harrison Act more widely. Under the Court’s new interpretation of the Harrison Act, no physician was permitted to prescribe opia ...
Cell Lineage
... cell lineages in such cases, it is necessary to mark individual cells by physical or genetic means, and later to identify their progeny by expression of the marker. Such techniques are known as clonal analysis, because the progeny of a single cell forms a clone. In many animals cells can be labeled ...
... cell lineages in such cases, it is necessary to mark individual cells by physical or genetic means, and later to identify their progeny by expression of the marker. Such techniques are known as clonal analysis, because the progeny of a single cell forms a clone. In many animals cells can be labeled ...
Preview the material
... alcohol and tobacco, prescription drugs such as benzodiazepines and opioids; moreover, people who are substance users are often indistinguishable from the general population. This module will discuss substance use involving cocaine, opioids, amphetamines/stimulants, sedative/hypnotics, and alcohol. ...
... alcohol and tobacco, prescription drugs such as benzodiazepines and opioids; moreover, people who are substance users are often indistinguishable from the general population. This module will discuss substance use involving cocaine, opioids, amphetamines/stimulants, sedative/hypnotics, and alcohol. ...
Deficits of brainstem and spinal cord functions after
... cord in a model of neonatal HI in mice. We used the Rice– Vanucci model (10) of HI to investigate 1 and 2 wk after the HI insult the neurological outcome evaluated by multiple approaches such as sensorimotor and behavioral tests (11). We also performed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) m ...
... cord in a model of neonatal HI in mice. We used the Rice– Vanucci model (10) of HI to investigate 1 and 2 wk after the HI insult the neurological outcome evaluated by multiple approaches such as sensorimotor and behavioral tests (11). We also performed high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) m ...
Centrosome Motility Is Essential for Initial Axon Formation in the Neocortex
... reported to be opposite to the site of axon formation (Zolessi et al., 2006). Moreover, flies without centrioles develop normal neurons (Basto et al., 2006). It was demonstrated, however, that the Golgi apparatus is a source of a large number of noncentrosomal microtubules (Efimov et al., 2007) that ...
... reported to be opposite to the site of axon formation (Zolessi et al., 2006). Moreover, flies without centrioles develop normal neurons (Basto et al., 2006). It was demonstrated, however, that the Golgi apparatus is a source of a large number of noncentrosomal microtubules (Efimov et al., 2007) that ...
Spinal Cord - eCurriculum
... A. Each spinal cord segment has a pair of spinal nerves associated with it. Each spinal nerve is formed by two roots, a dorsal root (afferent, sensory) and a ventral root (efferent, motor). The dorsal root has a swelling, the dorsal root ganglion, which contains the unipolar neuron cell bodies of pr ...
... A. Each spinal cord segment has a pair of spinal nerves associated with it. Each spinal nerve is formed by two roots, a dorsal root (afferent, sensory) and a ventral root (efferent, motor). The dorsal root has a swelling, the dorsal root ganglion, which contains the unipolar neuron cell bodies of pr ...
Placing prediction into the fear circuit
... triggered by afferent pathways that transmit US-related information to LA neurons. Many different CSs can elicit Corresponding author: McNally, G.P. ([email protected]). ...
... triggered by afferent pathways that transmit US-related information to LA neurons. Many different CSs can elicit Corresponding author: McNally, G.P. ([email protected]). ...
Drug action
... Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Some material was previously published. ...
... Elsevier items and derived items © 2009 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Some material was previously published. ...