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BS arrhythmias
BS arrhythmias

... Other agents: Metoprolol, Esmolol (short acting), Sotalol (also Class III), Acebutolol a. Slow A-V conduction b. Prolong A-V refractory period c. Suppress automaticity Cardiac effects (of propranolol), a non-selective beta blocker a. Main mechanism of action is block of beta receptors;  Ph 4 slope. ...
Autonomic Nervous System I and II
Autonomic Nervous System I and II

... An axon may synapse with postganglionic neurons in the ganglion it first reaches or Sympathetic chains or An axon may continue, without synapsing, through the sympathetic trunk ganglion to end at a prevertebral ganglion and synapse with postganglionic neurons there or An axon may pass through the sy ...
Treatment Emergent Violence to Self and Others
Treatment Emergent Violence to Self and Others

... dividing the population into poor, extensive (normal), intermediate and ultra rapid metabolisers, at one or more of three enzyme producing genes CYP450 2D6, 2C9 and 2C19. Variations in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) and serotonin receptors (5-HT) influence the outcome of serotonergic medi ...
Tracking the Emergence of Conceptual Knowledge during Human
Tracking the Emergence of Conceptual Knowledge during Human

... an effective guiding framework (i.e., schema) for accelerating learning in a New session, where the stimuli were perceptually novel but the underlying conceptual structure similar. Our experimental design, therefore, incorporated three key aspects: the learning of individual associations (i.e., betw ...
CLR 131 - Cellectar Biosciences
CLR 131 - Cellectar Biosciences

... cause actual future experience and results to differ materially from the statements made. These statements are based on our current beliefs and expectations as to such future outcomes. Drug discovery and development involve a high degree of risk. Factors that might cause such a material difference i ...
Nerve Regeneration in C. elegans after femtosecond laser axotomy
Nerve Regeneration in C. elegans after femtosecond laser axotomy

... energies, NIR femtosecond laser pulses also allow two-photon imaging of multicellular organisms with deep penetration depth and long imaging times [25]. Recently, for axotomy of subcellular neuronal processes in vivo, we have performed femtosecond laser nanosurgery using a homemade microscope with t ...
Treatment Emergent Violence to Self and Others
Treatment Emergent Violence to Self and Others

... dividing the population into poor, extensive (normal), intermediate and ultra rapid metabolisers, at one or more of three enzyme producing genes CYP450 2D6, 2C9 and 2C19. Variations in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) and serotonin receptors (5-HT) influence the outcome of serotonergic medi ...
IVM
IVM

... Lambs have poor immunity, so heavy reliance on drugs Merinos highly susceptible to infection Arid climate helps select for resistance Haemonchus is highly pathogenic Resistance to all chemical classes including Moxidectin Some farms have no available drug choices ...
Operant conditioning and motor cortex - D
Operant conditioning and motor cortex - D

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Overdose in Toronto: Trends, Prevention and
Overdose in Toronto: Trends, Prevention and

... reported a doubling in heroin use since 2005 as well as the use of other drugs with heroin.6 Drugs frequently used with heroin include cocaine, and more recently, prescription opioids. In addition to concerns about prescribed opioids, the rate of heroin initiation following non-medical use of prescr ...
The Mirror System, Imitation, and the Evolution of Language
The Mirror System, Imitation, and the Evolution of Language

... Three key methodological points: (a) We must understand the adaptive value of each of the above five stages without recourse to its role as a platform for later stages. (b) We will distinguish between “language” and “languagereadiness”, stressing that certain biological bases for language may not ha ...
I. Neurons are the anatomical elements of neural systems
I. Neurons are the anatomical elements of neural systems

... Some axons leave the optic tracts for other destinations a. some retinal ganglion cells do not contribute to the primary visual pathway and are not directly involved in visual perception b. some projections appear to have signals that convey info to secondary targets and are used for other purposes ...
How We Know It Hurts: Item Analysis of Written - Saxelab
How We Know It Hurts: Item Analysis of Written - Saxelab

... greater DMPFC response to depictions of emotional suffering [23]. These results suggest that AI and AMCC are predominantly recruited when witnessing others in physical pain, and DMPFC is more implicated in empathic responses to emotional suffering. One interpretive challenge for prior studies, howev ...
Folie 1 - Leibniz Institute for Age Research
Folie 1 - Leibniz Institute for Age Research

... Hansch analysis is the investigation of the quantitative relationship between the biological activity of a series of compounds and their physicochemical substituent or global parameters representing hydrophobic, electronic, steric and other effects ...
多靶点药物作为神经保护剂用于治疗青光眼的合理性
多靶点药物作为神经保护剂用于治疗青光眼的合理性

... It has been hypothesized that oxidative stress plays a role in RGC death in glaucoma by damaging the trabecular meshwork, the optic nerve head, and the retina[2, 37]. The term “oxidative stress”, refers to a cell’s state characterized by excessive production ofhttp://doc.xuehai.net/bcfb9315fe04703a3 ...
Development and in-vitro characterization of sustained release
Development and in-vitro characterization of sustained release

... improved patient compliance. This delivery system is increasingly being used in the treatment of acute and chronic diseases as they maintain the concentration of drug in plasma above the minimum effective concentration and below the minimum toxic level for an extended period of time. Thus, sustained ...
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Presentation

... • RNA therapeutics as a platform is a revolutionary approach to discover new and important therapeutic agents for treating human diseases • RNA as a class of molecules plays a major role in the regulation of biological processes and in human diseases • Therapeutic approaches against RNA are generall ...
a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase
a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase

... processes (Kretsinger, 1979). In some cases,such as muscle contraction (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratories, 1972), the mechanism by which calcium ion exerts its effects is fairly well understood. In others, such as the control of synaptic transmission (Kelly et al., 1979) or neuronal gene expression (W ...
Document
Document

... TB_02_20 Neurons: The Messengers_Understand_LO 2.2 If an incoming message is not strong enough to cause a neuron to fire, it may cause a shift in the electrical charge of just a tiny area of the neuron. This shift, which quickly fades away, is called a(n) ________. a. resting potential b. action pot ...
Barbiturates - Alabama Counter Drug
Barbiturates - Alabama Counter Drug

... into chunks. It is the companies hope that these actions will help prevent future sexual assaults. Advance Slideshow to slide 6 D. How is Rohypnol Consumed? 1. While Rohypnol can be crushed into a powder and snorted, it is almost always ingested orally either in its pill form or dissolved in a drin ...
A neuronal network model of primary visual cortex explains spatial
A neuronal network model of primary visual cortex explains spatial

... Retinal ganglion cells are broadly tuned for spatial frequency because of the center-surround organization of their receptive fields (Kuffler 1953; Enroth-Cugell and Robson 1966; Rodieck 1965). However, the spatial frequency tuning of V1 neurons is often much narrower than that of retinal ganglion c ...
The Cytochrome P450 System: Helping to Teach Its
The Cytochrome P450 System: Helping to Teach Its

... Another useful teaching aid to emphasize the importance of P450 forms is to use case presentations which describe how P450 forms may be involved in drug interactions. Recent articles have been published which present patient case studies of drug interactions that involve induction or inhibition of a ...
Reward and Reinforcement I 1. Which of the following statements is
Reward and Reinforcement I 1. Which of the following statements is

... structures=feel good/euphoria/strong desire E. FALSE cortical part is prefrontal cortex (long way from area 17!!) 5. The opioid peptide system: A. includes enkephalins, endorphins, and dynorphins B. decreases the intake of palatable foods C. increases anxiety by acting at pain receptors D. when bloc ...
Thalamocortical inputs trigger a propagating envelope of gamma
Thalamocortical inputs trigger a propagating envelope of gamma

... largest amplitude fast response). The short-latency potential traversed auditory cortex at 1.25 m/s and decreased over 1–2 mm, likely reflecting sequential activation of cells contacted by thalamocortical arbors. In contrast, polysynaptic activity did not decrease but propagated as a spatially restr ...
Response of Integrate-and-Fire Neurons to Noisy Inputs Filtered by
Response of Integrate-and-Fire Neurons to Noisy Inputs Filtered by

... and τGABAB ∼ 100 ms (Otis, De Koninck, & Mody, 1993), which are activated by release of GABA from GABAergic presynaptic cells. Therefore, spikes arriving at the presynaptic terminals can initiate a variety of synaptic currents on the postsynaptic neuron with different time courses and lasting for qu ...
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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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