• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSRJPBS)
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSRJPBS)

... Importance of Genotoxicity & S2A guidelines for genotoxicity testing for pharmaceuticals clastogenicity and processes of carcinogenesis based on reactive oxygen have practical thresholds. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generally genotoxic, the question is whether chemicals that increase RO ...
Habituation, sensitization and Pavlovian conditioning
Habituation, sensitization and Pavlovian conditioning

... on the parameters of the stimulation protocol (e.g., odor concentration, frequency of odor presentation), a temporary increment in responsiveness might initially be observed. If, however, an appetitive gustatory stimulus (e.g., sugar) is repeated with the same ISI, depending again on the concentrati ...
of Drugs
of Drugs

... Therapeutic Response • Concentration of medication in target tissue often impossible to measure, so must be measured in plasma – Minimum effective concentration - amount of drug required to produce a therapeutic effect – Toxic concentration - level of drug that will result in serious adverse effects ...
View Full Page PDF
View Full Page PDF

... (slow-wave) sleep (4, 19, 207, 240). During large-amplitude EEG slow oscillations, virtually all cell types in the cerebral cortex repetitively switch between two membrane potential states: an up state (where neurons are depolarized at about ⫺65 mV and fire at a low rate) and a down state (where neu ...
pdf - Journal of Global Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences
pdf - Journal of Global Trends in Pharmaceutical Sciences

... 200mg/kg, p.o) did not produce statistically any significant reduction in locomotor activity as compared to the control animals receiving only the vehicle. Diazepam treated groups revealed a statistically significant decrease in locomotor activity as compared to the control. Results were shown in ta ...
Synergy, redundancy, and independence in population codes
Synergy, redundancy, and independence in population codes

... responses. Often, one talks about an “optimal” decoder, meaning that one chooses a class of possible decoding algorithms and adjusts the specific parameters of that algorithm for the best results. This raises the question of what makes one decoder better than another. One obvious figure of merit is ...
GABA-Enriched Functional Foods Aiding in Health and
GABA-Enriched Functional Foods Aiding in Health and

... GAD's biochemical properties helps to optimize conditions. In addition, GABA fermentation's optimal conditions for diverse LAB strains will vary (Tung et al., 2011). For L. plantarum NTU 102 optimized conditions included skim milk as a carbon source, a specific glutamate concentration (0.6%-1%), a s ...
Polysorbates, peroxides, protein
Polysorbates, peroxides, protein

... (poloxamers), and Brij 35 (polyoxyethylene alkyl ether). The usefulness of polysorbates, in particular in preventing protein aggregation in biotherapeutic formulations, is well accepted. However, polysorbates contain ether linkages and unsaturated alkyl chains that have been shown to auto-oxidize in ...
Jesús Pujol Martí  Neural map organization and development in the lateral-line system
Jesús Pujol Martí Neural map organization and development in the lateral-line system

... functionally complex, mediating contrasting behaviours that are also present in the adult fish. A decade ago, Ghysen‟s research group showed that the lateralis (lateral-line) sensory neurons display a topographic neural map. The same group shed some light on when and how this map is established. Sin ...
Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate and Green Tea Catechins
Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate and Green Tea Catechins

... Theaflavins and EGCG were reported to down-regulate the EGFR (32) or its phosphorylation (33). However, the direct target(s) of EGCG, theaflavins, and other polyphenols in suppressing EGFR, activator protein-1, signal transducers and activators of transcription, nuclear factor-κB, or other transcrip ...
Separating value from choice: delay discounting activity in the lateral
Separating value from choice: delay discounting activity in the lateral

... Each trial began with the monkey fixating a central fixation target. Two peripheral targets were then presented, a red target associated with a small immediate reward and a green target associated with a larger delayed reward. After 800 ms, the fixation target was dimmed for 200 ms, followed by the ...
Comparison of Quantities: Core and Format
Comparison of Quantities: Core and Format

... With respect to the processing of symbolic stimuli, we distinguished between the symbolic representation of positive (e.g., 3) and negative integers (e.g., –3). The latter were introduced as a more abstract level of numerical conceptualization. Even though negative integers have not attracted as muc ...
Cannabidiol: Pharmacology and potential therapeutic role
Cannabidiol: Pharmacology and potential therapeutic role

... Cannabis indica, which was first recommended in epilepsy by Dr. Reynolds, is sometimes, though not very frequently, useful. It is of small value as an adjunct to bromide, but is sometimes of considerable service given separately. It may be noted that the action of Indian hemp presents many points of ...
Prescribing information for paediatric medicines
Prescribing information for paediatric medicines

... If a paediatric indication has not been approved, the following text is suggested under a subheading ‘paediatric patients’: a. X is not recommended for use in children age Y due to data on safety and/or efficacy (the age should be specified)’ b. The experi ...
A novel panel of mouse models to evaluate the role of human
A novel panel of mouse models to evaluate the role of human

... sion of the human receptors is controlled by the corresponding mouse promoters. This strategy simultaneously deletes the endogenous gene function. In the case of PXR, a chimeric construct consisting of the cDNA of exons 2–4 of hPXR missing the start CTG, genomic sequences of intron 4, exon 5, and in ...
Structure-function relationship in hierarchical model of brain networks
Structure-function relationship in hierarchical model of brain networks

... or the hierarchically organized architecture of the brain, reflecting for example the anatomical cortical connectivity of cat or monkey [41, 100]. The idea to use well-known cortical networks in the modelling of the neural dynamics and investigating its relation to the underlying topology has alread ...
Case 4 - Caangay
Case 4 - Caangay

... their pharmacokinetics. Do you think this is likely for cholestyramine? ...
Opioid and Cannabinoid Modulation of Precipitated Withdrawal in
Opioid and Cannabinoid Modulation of Precipitated Withdrawal in

... mice, respectively. These findings taken together indicate that the ␮-opioid receptor plays a modulatory role in cannabinoid dependence, thus implicating a reciprocal relationship between the cannabinoid and opioid systems in dependence. ...
Axon - Rochester Community Schools
Axon - Rochester Community Schools

... - sometimes individuals raised by another species will attempt to mate with foster species as adult ...
Motor planning under unpredictable reward: modulations of
Motor planning under unpredictable reward: modulations of

... The primate fronto-striatal system, which plays an important role in temporal coordination of goal-directed behavior, consists of a network of neuronal circuits that integrate spatial and timing information for behavioral purpose (Alexander and Crutcher 1990; Hoshi and Tanji, 2000; Staddon 2001; Mil ...
Effective connectivity of the subthalamic nucleus
Effective connectivity of the subthalamic nucleus

... temporal relationship between the cortical slow oscillation and single-unit activity in the STN and GP as detailed previously (Mallet et al. 2008a). In doing so, we were able to define one type of STN neuron and two main types of GP neuron in 6–OHDA-lesioned rats (Fig. 1). Type-A GP neurons (GP-TA) ...
Antibiotics
Antibiotics

... • Bacitracin - inhibits the transport of the subunits to their position in the cell wall • Vancomycin - inhibits the elongation of the peptidoglycan to form connecting units ...
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH PrMatulane® Procarbazine
PRODUCT MONOGRAPH PrMatulane® Procarbazine

... have been reported in patients with Hodgkin's disease treated with procarbazine in combination with other chemotherapy and/or radiation. The risks of secondary lung cancer from treatment appear to be multiplied by tobacco use. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) considers that the ...
Properties and Functional Role of Voltage
Properties and Functional Role of Voltage

... the application of different drugs to study the pharmacological profile of the channels. A potential disadvantage is that properties of channels might change because of changes in the phosphorylation state of the channels (although ATP was included in the internal solution to minimize such changes) ...
Open PDF File - Array BioPharma
Open PDF File - Array BioPharma

... Two techniques were utilized to determine the binding affinity (Kd) and free fraction for test compounds. The TRANSIL® binding methodology was used to establish the Kd values for AAG and HSA in order to ascertain which compounds have a greater affinity for AAG. To understand the effect of AAG bindin ...
< 1 ... 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 ... 1329 >

Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report