Ullman, 2004 - Brain and Language Lab
... computations may underlie a range of cognitive domains, including language. Second, commonalities between language and non-language domains are not surprising from an evolutionary perspective, given the well-established pattern that biological structures tend to evolve from already-existing structur ...
... computations may underlie a range of cognitive domains, including language. Second, commonalities between language and non-language domains are not surprising from an evolutionary perspective, given the well-established pattern that biological structures tend to evolve from already-existing structur ...
Evaluation of Normalization Methods To Predict CYP3A4 Induction
... Templeton et al. 2011). This model is considered useful for the evaluation of DDIs as most of the common CYP isoform activities have been measured in this cell line and shown to be both selectively inhibited and induced by prototypical CYP-selective inhibitors and inducers at comparable levels to th ...
... Templeton et al. 2011). This model is considered useful for the evaluation of DDIs as most of the common CYP isoform activities have been measured in this cell line and shown to be both selectively inhibited and induced by prototypical CYP-selective inhibitors and inducers at comparable levels to th ...
Antihistamines in pediatric allergy
... bronchoconstriction, and stimulation of airway vagal afferent nerves and cough receptors as well as decreased atrioventricular-node conduction. However, certain effects such as hypotension, tachycardia, flushing, headache, itching and nasal congestion are mediated through both H1 and H2 receptors.2, ...
... bronchoconstriction, and stimulation of airway vagal afferent nerves and cough receptors as well as decreased atrioventricular-node conduction. However, certain effects such as hypotension, tachycardia, flushing, headache, itching and nasal congestion are mediated through both H1 and H2 receptors.2, ...
Xenopus laevis Retinal Ganglion Cell Dendritic Arbors Develop
... spontaneously released both throughout the neuron and locally within small dendritic segments. Ca+2 release helps stabilize RGC dendritic structure and blockade of local Ca+2 release causes immediate dendritic retraction. This work suggests that Ca+2 release may be a way in which afferent activity r ...
... spontaneously released both throughout the neuron and locally within small dendritic segments. Ca+2 release helps stabilize RGC dendritic structure and blockade of local Ca+2 release causes immediate dendritic retraction. This work suggests that Ca+2 release may be a way in which afferent activity r ...
Rethinking Mammalian Brain Evolution1
... patterns of brain diversity. Now that tracer techniques have filled this crucial gap in information about basic neural functional anatomy, these data can be integrated with data from physiological and quantitative studies to provide all the pieces of evidence necessary for investigating the principl ...
... patterns of brain diversity. Now that tracer techniques have filled this crucial gap in information about basic neural functional anatomy, these data can be integrated with data from physiological and quantitative studies to provide all the pieces of evidence necessary for investigating the principl ...
Technical note: Use of a double inversion recovery pulse sequence
... inversion interval TI. For the case where the z -magnetization is fully recovered this is: TI = In 2 • r, where Tx is the tissue's longitudinal relaxation time. The most common example of this is the STIR sequence [1], where TI is chosen to suppress fat. The use of an additional inversion pulse allo ...
... inversion interval TI. For the case where the z -magnetization is fully recovered this is: TI = In 2 • r, where Tx is the tissue's longitudinal relaxation time. The most common example of this is the STIR sequence [1], where TI is chosen to suppress fat. The use of an additional inversion pulse allo ...
Experiment Designs for the Assessment of Drug Combination
... experiment would be designed as follows. Cells from a tumor-derived cell line are deposited in wells of cell culture dishes in complete growth medium. After log phase growth is established, one well serves as vehicle controls (control well) and for the other experimental wells, each is treated with ...
... experiment would be designed as follows. Cells from a tumor-derived cell line are deposited in wells of cell culture dishes in complete growth medium. After log phase growth is established, one well serves as vehicle controls (control well) and for the other experimental wells, each is treated with ...
Serotonin Transporter Occupancy of Five Selective Serotonin
... Subjects Review Committee. Eighty-four subjects were recruited, and 77 subjects completed the entire protocol. Subjects who completed the protocol were 20 to 50 years old (33 female and 44 male; mean age=35 years, SD=9). Twelve of these 77 subjects were described in a previous report (2). The groupi ...
... Subjects Review Committee. Eighty-four subjects were recruited, and 77 subjects completed the entire protocol. Subjects who completed the protocol were 20 to 50 years old (33 female and 44 male; mean age=35 years, SD=9). Twelve of these 77 subjects were described in a previous report (2). The groupi ...
Meningeal inflammation is widespread and linked to cortical
... We have previously described the presence of ectopic B cell follicle-like structures in the cerebral meninges of a proportion of cases with SPMS and suggested that these could be an important site of immune cell activation and expansion in chronic disease (Serafini et al., 2004, 2007; Magliozzi et a ...
... We have previously described the presence of ectopic B cell follicle-like structures in the cerebral meninges of a proportion of cases with SPMS and suggested that these could be an important site of immune cell activation and expansion in chronic disease (Serafini et al., 2004, 2007; Magliozzi et a ...
NIH Public Access
... Despite recent therapeutic advances, several factors, including field cancerization, have limited improvements in long-term survival for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Therefore, comprehensive treatment plans must include improved chemopreventive strategies. Using the 4Nitroquinoline 1-Oxide ( ...
... Despite recent therapeutic advances, several factors, including field cancerization, have limited improvements in long-term survival for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Therefore, comprehensive treatment plans must include improved chemopreventive strategies. Using the 4Nitroquinoline 1-Oxide ( ...
STEROIDS What Are Steroids? Steroids are hormones of 3 types: 1
... 2. Glucocorticosteroids – like cortisone or prednisone, that are anti- inflammatory or immunosuppressants used in swelling, rashes, asthma, or bronchitis. 3. Minerocorticosteroids – like vasopressin, that are produced by the adrenal glands for salt and water regulation. We’ll focus on anabolic stero ...
... 2. Glucocorticosteroids – like cortisone or prednisone, that are anti- inflammatory or immunosuppressants used in swelling, rashes, asthma, or bronchitis. 3. Minerocorticosteroids – like vasopressin, that are produced by the adrenal glands for salt and water regulation. We’ll focus on anabolic stero ...
Anatomical Evidence of Multimodal Integration in Primate
... to the visual field. E, Central injection sites, two sections per injection. Uptake zone is shown in black. Gray, Dense intrinsic labeling of area V1. Numbers refer to section number. Thin lines, White matter–gray matter boundary. Dotted lines, layer 4. Arrowheads, Area V1/V2 border. Cases M85RH FsB ...
... to the visual field. E, Central injection sites, two sections per injection. Uptake zone is shown in black. Gray, Dense intrinsic labeling of area V1. Numbers refer to section number. Thin lines, White matter–gray matter boundary. Dotted lines, layer 4. Arrowheads, Area V1/V2 border. Cases M85RH FsB ...
A mouse model for fucosidosis recapitulates storage pathology
... into a severe infantile fast-progressing form (type 1) and a milder form (type 2), although the disease often presents with a continuum of an entire set of clinical features. Fucosidosis is dominated by neurological symptoms like progressive mental and motor deterioration, and seizures, but it is of ...
... into a severe infantile fast-progressing form (type 1) and a milder form (type 2), although the disease often presents with a continuum of an entire set of clinical features. Fucosidosis is dominated by neurological symptoms like progressive mental and motor deterioration, and seizures, but it is of ...
Effect of PACAP in Central and Peripheral Nerve Injuries
... hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) superfamily [2]. Two types of PACAP binding sites have been characterized based on their relative affinities for VIP and PACAP. PAC1 receptor exhibits a high affinity for both PACAP forms and a low affinity for VIP, whereas VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors bind both VIP and ...
... hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) superfamily [2]. Two types of PACAP binding sites have been characterized based on their relative affinities for VIP and PACAP. PAC1 receptor exhibits a high affinity for both PACAP forms and a low affinity for VIP, whereas VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors bind both VIP and ...
Permeability Fundamentals
... For an acid passive diffusion is enhanced in the direction of the higher pH because of the ionization equilibrium. ...
... For an acid passive diffusion is enhanced in the direction of the higher pH because of the ionization equilibrium. ...
Open interconnected model of basal ganglia
... symptoms as a result of damage to only one station in one of the circuits. Thus, whereas the closed segregated organization provides a framework whereby damage to different stations of an individual circuit results in selective disturbances of motor, cognitive, or emotional behaviors, the open inter ...
... symptoms as a result of damage to only one station in one of the circuits. Thus, whereas the closed segregated organization provides a framework whereby damage to different stations of an individual circuit results in selective disturbances of motor, cognitive, or emotional behaviors, the open inter ...
Working Memory in the Prefrontal Cortex
... Although the prefrontal cortex is thought to participate in important cognitive functions in humans, little is known about the mechanism by which the prefrontal cortex produces these functions. However, studies using nonhuman primates have contributed significantly to our understanding of prefrontal ...
... Although the prefrontal cortex is thought to participate in important cognitive functions in humans, little is known about the mechanism by which the prefrontal cortex produces these functions. However, studies using nonhuman primates have contributed significantly to our understanding of prefrontal ...
Doctoral Thesis
... At the beginning, the thesis summarizes some basic facts about tuberculosis, a very important and serious bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, about its treatment and related troubles and limitations. Proper attention is given for the problematic of drug-resista ...
... At the beginning, the thesis summarizes some basic facts about tuberculosis, a very important and serious bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, about its treatment and related troubles and limitations. Proper attention is given for the problematic of drug-resista ...
Comprised by BVV Melatonin: Melatonin is a substance produced
... some of it is absorbed by the mucus membranes, entering your bloodstream directly. Sublingual preparations also allow a higher percentage of the melatonin to be utilized because less of it is metabolized in the liver. However, sublingual tablets have the same disadvantage as regular tablets in that ...
... some of it is absorbed by the mucus membranes, entering your bloodstream directly. Sublingual preparations also allow a higher percentage of the melatonin to be utilized because less of it is metabolized in the liver. However, sublingual tablets have the same disadvantage as regular tablets in that ...
Representation of Umami Taste in the Human Brain
... of protein). In fact, multidimensional scaling methods in humans (Yamaguchi and Kimizuka 1979; Yoshida and Saito 1969) have shown that the taste of glutamate [as its sodium salt monosodium glutamate (MSG)] cannot be reduced to any of the other four basic tastes. Specific receptors for glutamate in l ...
... of protein). In fact, multidimensional scaling methods in humans (Yamaguchi and Kimizuka 1979; Yoshida and Saito 1969) have shown that the taste of glutamate [as its sodium salt monosodium glutamate (MSG)] cannot be reduced to any of the other four basic tastes. Specific receptors for glutamate in l ...
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... mesocolimbic dopamine reward circuit, which consists of the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAc) and ventral pallidum (VP)2, plays a critical role in drug reinforcement. The NAc has a central role in the pathogenesis of drug dependence and is an important element in the mesocorticol ...
... mesocolimbic dopamine reward circuit, which consists of the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nucleus accumbens (NAc) and ventral pallidum (VP)2, plays a critical role in drug reinforcement. The NAc has a central role in the pathogenesis of drug dependence and is an important element in the mesocorticol ...
Anti-emetic drug maropitant induces intestinal motility disorder but
... experiment to measure the luminal pressure-induced neurogenic motility, maropitant increased frequency of motility whereas decreased the amplitude, indicating hyperactivity of the neurogenic motility. The segmented luminal content labeled with phenol red in maropitant-treated mice in in vivo may be ...
... experiment to measure the luminal pressure-induced neurogenic motility, maropitant increased frequency of motility whereas decreased the amplitude, indicating hyperactivity of the neurogenic motility. The segmented luminal content labeled with phenol red in maropitant-treated mice in in vivo may be ...
Defects in ER–endosome contacts impact lysosome function in
... Bars: (light micrographs, large panels) 10 µm; (EM) 500 nm. All histograms show mean ± SEM. P-values generated by two-tailed Student’s t test (A, C, and D) or ANOVA for effect of genotype (E). ...
... Bars: (light micrographs, large panels) 10 µm; (EM) 500 nm. All histograms show mean ± SEM. P-values generated by two-tailed Student’s t test (A, C, and D) or ANOVA for effect of genotype (E). ...
Role of Ratings of Perceived Exertion during Self
... drop-jumps). The authors state that maintaining the same pace with fatigued locomotor muscles would have resulted in higher RPE and premature exhaustion [25]; hence, participants decide to reduce their pace so that the RPE does not reach its maximum before the end of the trial. Furthermore, when the ...
... drop-jumps). The authors state that maintaining the same pace with fatigued locomotor muscles would have resulted in higher RPE and premature exhaustion [25]; hence, participants decide to reduce their pace so that the RPE does not reach its maximum before the end of the trial. Furthermore, when the ...
A review of alpha activity in integrative brain function: Fundamental
... introduced by using brain oscillations has become one of the most important conceptual and analytic tools for the understanding of cognitive processes. He proposes that a major task for neuroscience is to devise ways to study and analyze the activity of distributed systems in waking brains, in parti ...
... introduced by using brain oscillations has become one of the most important conceptual and analytic tools for the understanding of cognitive processes. He proposes that a major task for neuroscience is to devise ways to study and analyze the activity of distributed systems in waking brains, in parti ...