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The Brain Game: Adopted from Rod Plotnik: Table created by Mary
The Brain Game: Adopted from Rod Plotnik: Table created by Mary

... 14. Philip—Dopamine—seems to be the key transmitter of the pleasure system. 15. Grandma Mary—Broca’s Area—the part of the language system located in the frontal lobe (left hemisphere) is most important for producing speech. 16. The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus regulates our natural bi ...
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... Similar findings with a k-opioid receptor (KOR) selective antagonist supported the possible involvement of KOR in naltrexone’s potentiation of the antiretroviral drugs. The results of this in vitro study suggest that treatment of alcohol or opiate dependent HIV-1-infected patients with naltrexone ...
m-Opioid modulation of HIV-1 coreceptor
m-Opioid modulation of HIV-1 coreceptor

Sensory Neuron Processing
Sensory Neuron Processing

... o Innervation of the Adrenal Medulla  The adrenal medulla actually consists of specialized post ganglionic motor neurons that have no axons!!  They produce epinephrine.  They release epinephrine directly into the adrenal blood vessels, thus affecting all visceral organs and the brain.  The adren ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... D + R = DR > pharmacological effect Drug receptor interactions may involve many different types of chemical bonds, but usually weak non-covalent interactions that are reversible (For example, ionic or electrostatic interactions) Drug associates and then rapidly dissociates ...
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Printable version

... c. associative neurons (interneurons) - take the impulse from the sensory neurons, decides what to do about it, and sends the response to the motor neurons IV. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY A. basic principles of electricity 1. the difference in two voltages is called the potential 2. in the body, electrical char ...
Drug Awareness Forensic Drug Chemistry
Drug Awareness Forensic Drug Chemistry

... These drugs depress the CNS. Prescribed in small doses to reduce restlessness, anxiety, and emotional tension and to induce sleep and treat epilepsy. Commonly used are----barbiturates, Glutethamide and Meprobamate and benzodiazepines. Abuse can cause : slurring of speech, staggering, loss of bal ...
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... Existing models using adult human neural stem cells have the restricted access. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can generate allogeneic or patient-specific neural cells/tissues and even mini-brains to provide robust in vitro models for applications in drug discovery, neurological disea ...
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Cholinergic Receptors - .:: سایت تخصصی پزشکی

... • brain nicotinic receptors • ganglionic nicotinic receptors – turns on both PNS and SNS • neuromuscular nicotinic receptors – only in ...
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Ch6 - Unit3Biology

... vesicles (on the end of axons only!) • diffuse across the synapse and attach to receptors on the postsynaptic membrane • stimulate another neuron or effector • last for a very short time only (enzymes produced by muscles tissue inactive the substances for example) Example: acetycholine ...
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... muscles Including the diaphragm), leading to paralysis and death. •  Antipsychotic medications used to treat schizophrenia block dopamine receptors in the brain; however, side effects include depressed mood and Parkinson’s-like motor tremors. ...
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... Abstract: In Hebb’s theory of the cell assembly, short-term memory traces can be stored in closed loop neuronal circuits in form of persistent reverberatory activity. In previous studies, we have observed persistent network reverberation in cultured hippocampal neurons (Lau and Bi, PNAS, 2005). Here ...
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... consciousness, mental confusion, incoordination or paralysis or some other disturbances of nervous system are called analgesics. These are of two types. a) Non-narcotic drugs or non-addictive drugs- Eg- aspirin, analgin, novalgin, naproxen, ibuprofen & diclofenac sodium or potassium. Aspirin: Finds ...
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... • Within the mammalian hypothalamus, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) contains a circadian clock for timing of diverse neuronal, endocrine, and behavioral rhythms. • By culturing cells from neonatal rat SCN on fixed microelectrode arrays, we have been able to record spontaneous action potentials fr ...
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... Large, intracellular, flame shaped masses of abnormal filaments in the cell body and base of large dendrites. Prominent in large neurons in the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex and other neocortical sites. ...
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Visual Brain

... Implant one cell in visual cortex. Shine light on retina. See is we can get that cell to respond. What does the single cell like to “see”. ...
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Addictive Drug Use - Dayton Independent Schools
Addictive Drug Use - Dayton Independent Schools

... Monitor both external and internal environments. Integration: Process the information and often integrate it with stored information. Motor output: If necessary, signal effector organs to make an appropriate response. ...
Psychoactive Drugs
Psychoactive Drugs

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Neuropsychopharmacology

Neuropsychopharmacology, an interdisciplinary science related to psychopharmacology (how drugs affect the mind) and fundamental neuroscience, is the study of the neural mechanisms that drugs act upon to influence behavior. It entails research of mechanisms of neuropathology, pharmacodynamics (drug action), psychiatric illness, and states of consciousness. These studies are instigated at the detailed level involving neurotransmission/receptor activity, bio-chemical processes, and neural circuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology supersedes psychopharmacology in the areas of ""how"" and ""why"", and additionally addresses other issues of brain function. Accordingly, the clinical aspect of the field includes psychiatric (psychoactive) as well as neurologic (non-psychoactive) pharmacology-based treatments.Developments in neuropsychopharmacology may directly impact the studies of anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders, degenerative disorders, eating behavior, and sleep behavior.The way fundamental processes of the brain are being discovered is creating a field on par with other “hard sciences” such as chemistry, biology, and physics, so that eventually it may be possible to repair mental illness with ultimate precision. An analogy can be drawn between the brain and an electronic device: neuropsychopharmacology is tantamount to revealing not only the schematic diagram, but the individual components, and every principle of their operation. The bank of amassed detail and complexity involved is huge; mere samples of some of the details are given in this article.
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