Milk Fat: Origin of Fatty Acids and Influence of
... 2002). In this model, longer-chain and more saturated fatty acids diVuse through the membrane more rapidly because they are more hydrophobic, consistent with the order of uptake of fatty acids by the bovine mammary gland (Thompson and Christie, 1991). Because the concentration of CoASH is very low a ...
... 2002). In this model, longer-chain and more saturated fatty acids diVuse through the membrane more rapidly because they are more hydrophobic, consistent with the order of uptake of fatty acids by the bovine mammary gland (Thompson and Christie, 1991). Because the concentration of CoASH is very low a ...
CO2 and O2 Distribution in Rubisco Suggests the
... (based on the size of accessibility area of each residue at every fourth ns) and were normalized per residue (Supporting Figure 2). The resulting binding strength is dependent on simulation time and gas concentration. On average, amino acids with a small and hydrophobic side chain (alanine, valine, ...
... (based on the size of accessibility area of each residue at every fourth ns) and were normalized per residue (Supporting Figure 2). The resulting binding strength is dependent on simulation time and gas concentration. On average, amino acids with a small and hydrophobic side chain (alanine, valine, ...
RNA Editing, ADAR1, and the Innate Immune Response
... ADAR1 was originally thought to be the enzyme responsible for GluR-B mRNA editing [41,42] and through this function significantly affect neurological functions [43–45]. However, this important editing was subsequently attributed to ADAR2 [24]. ADAR1 indeed participates in the editing of many other s ...
... ADAR1 was originally thought to be the enzyme responsible for GluR-B mRNA editing [41,42] and through this function significantly affect neurological functions [43–45]. However, this important editing was subsequently attributed to ADAR2 [24]. ADAR1 indeed participates in the editing of many other s ...
Identification and expression of GH
... 29 different serovar strains of B. thuringiensis and they were expressed in Escherichia coli. The ORFs of the chitosanases contained 1359 nucleotides and the protein products had high levels of sequence identity (496%) to other Bacillus species GH-8 chitosanases. Thin-layer chromatography and HPLC a ...
... 29 different serovar strains of B. thuringiensis and they were expressed in Escherichia coli. The ORFs of the chitosanases contained 1359 nucleotides and the protein products had high levels of sequence identity (496%) to other Bacillus species GH-8 chitosanases. Thin-layer chromatography and HPLC a ...
Mutational analysis of sickle haemoglobin (Hb
... and Leu-88 on an adjacent HbS tetramer in the deoxygenated state ; in the oxygenated state the geometry does not favour this interaction. After this initial event, other intertetrameric lateral and longitudinal interactions strengthen the aggregate. The locations of many of these interactions have b ...
... and Leu-88 on an adjacent HbS tetramer in the deoxygenated state ; in the oxygenated state the geometry does not favour this interaction. After this initial event, other intertetrameric lateral and longitudinal interactions strengthen the aggregate. The locations of many of these interactions have b ...
Document
... concurrent execution of transactions results in a system state that would be obtained if transactions were executed serially, i.e. one after the other. Providing isolation is the main goal of concurrency control. Depending on concurrency control method, the effects of an incomplete transaction might ...
... concurrent execution of transactions results in a system state that would be obtained if transactions were executed serially, i.e. one after the other. Providing isolation is the main goal of concurrency control. Depending on concurrency control method, the effects of an incomplete transaction might ...
Grated Grana Padano cheese: new hints on how Original article o
... On the basis of the results of the aforementioned research, the Consortium has decided to set up a quality control scheme for grated GP based on several parameters, and an extensive investigation into commercial products has been undertaken. During this research a simplified criterion for evaluating ...
... On the basis of the results of the aforementioned research, the Consortium has decided to set up a quality control scheme for grated GP based on several parameters, and an extensive investigation into commercial products has been undertaken. During this research a simplified criterion for evaluating ...
Chocolate Flavour Review - Author`s Copy, CRFSN 2008
... phenylalanine, and tyrosine released during fermentation by aspartic proteinase and carboxypeptidase activities (Voigt et al., 1993, 1994a) contribute to flavor (Mohr et al., 1976) by reacting with fructose and glucose (Lopez et al., 1978). Cocoa fermentation protein breakdown has been characterized ...
... phenylalanine, and tyrosine released during fermentation by aspartic proteinase and carboxypeptidase activities (Voigt et al., 1993, 1994a) contribute to flavor (Mohr et al., 1976) by reacting with fructose and glucose (Lopez et al., 1978). Cocoa fermentation protein breakdown has been characterized ...
213 porters and neurotransmitter transporters
... transporters have been described in bacteria or fungi. The most primitive organisms that contain these transporters are insects and worms (Liu et al. 1992b). Therefore, this family of transporters may have diverged about 0.5 billion years ago. However, we recently identified a highly homologous gene ...
... transporters have been described in bacteria or fungi. The most primitive organisms that contain these transporters are insects and worms (Liu et al. 1992b). Therefore, this family of transporters may have diverged about 0.5 billion years ago. However, we recently identified a highly homologous gene ...
Glycation by Ascorbic Acid Causes Loss of Activity of Ribulose
... the activity and susceptibility of Rubisco to proteases. Glycation proceeded via two phases during incubation with AsA and Rubisco in vitro at physiological conditions (10 mM AsA, pH 7.5, 25°C in the presence of atmospheric oxygen). At the early stage of glycation (phase 1), the amount of AsA attach ...
... the activity and susceptibility of Rubisco to proteases. Glycation proceeded via two phases during incubation with AsA and Rubisco in vitro at physiological conditions (10 mM AsA, pH 7.5, 25°C in the presence of atmospheric oxygen). At the early stage of glycation (phase 1), the amount of AsA attach ...
Purification and characterization of pyruvate decarboxylase from
... S . E. Lowe and J . G . Zeikus magnetic stirrer. The pH of the medium was adjusted to pH 3.0 with 6.5 M-HCI prior to inoculation and the medium was reduced by the addition of 25 ml titanium/nitrilotriacetic acid solution (Moench & Zeikus, 1983). The cells were harvested during mid-exponential phase ...
... S . E. Lowe and J . G . Zeikus magnetic stirrer. The pH of the medium was adjusted to pH 3.0 with 6.5 M-HCI prior to inoculation and the medium was reduced by the addition of 25 ml titanium/nitrilotriacetic acid solution (Moench & Zeikus, 1983). The cells were harvested during mid-exponential phase ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... libraries of enzyme variants. Bacteria and yeast are preferred, but eukaryotic proteins often fail to express in active form in these cells. We have attempted to resolve this problem by identifying mutations in the target gene that facilitate its functional expression in a given recombinant host. He ...
... libraries of enzyme variants. Bacteria and yeast are preferred, but eukaryotic proteins often fail to express in active form in these cells. We have attempted to resolve this problem by identifying mutations in the target gene that facilitate its functional expression in a given recombinant host. He ...
Molecular basis of hepatic carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency
... IA) and muscle form (CPT IB) and are encoded by different genes localized on chromosome 11q13.1-13.5 and 22q13.3113.32, respectively (2). Clinically, three different phenotypes can be distinguished as characterized by muscular (3), hepatic (4), or hepatocardiomuscular symptoms, respectively (5). In ...
... IA) and muscle form (CPT IB) and are encoded by different genes localized on chromosome 11q13.1-13.5 and 22q13.3113.32, respectively (2). Clinically, three different phenotypes can be distinguished as characterized by muscular (3), hepatic (4), or hepatocardiomuscular symptoms, respectively (5). In ...
An introduction to genetic algorithms
... community. The first has grown into the field of neural networks, the second into machine learning, and the third into what is now called "evolutionary computation," of which genetic algorithms are the most prominent example. ...
... community. The first has grown into the field of neural networks, the second into machine learning, and the third into what is now called "evolutionary computation," of which genetic algorithms are the most prominent example. ...
43803_C000 1..20
... Growth Hormone and Athletic Performance ...........................................................................28 Problems with Exogenous Growth Hormone ..........................................................................30 Effects of Growth Hormone on Body Composition and Athletic Perform ...
... Growth Hormone and Athletic Performance ...........................................................................28 Problems with Exogenous Growth Hormone ..........................................................................30 Effects of Growth Hormone on Body Composition and Athletic Perform ...
An introduction to genetic algorithms / Melanie
... community. The first has grown into the field of neural networks, the second into machine learning, and the third into what is now called "evolutionary computation," of which genetic algorithms are the most prominent example. ...
... community. The first has grown into the field of neural networks, the second into machine learning, and the third into what is now called "evolutionary computation," of which genetic algorithms are the most prominent example. ...
Human mitochondrial transfer RNAs: Role of pathogenic
... mitochondrial function depends on both the expression of the mitochondrial genome and the expression of at least 1,300 nuclear genes whose products are imported into the mitochondria. Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a 16,569-kb circular, double-stranded molecule. It encodes 13 of more than 80 pol ...
... mitochondrial function depends on both the expression of the mitochondrial genome and the expression of at least 1,300 nuclear genes whose products are imported into the mitochondria. Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a 16,569-kb circular, double-stranded molecule. It encodes 13 of more than 80 pol ...
please refer to anzfa`s guide to applications and proposals for a
... On the basis of the available evidence, including detailed studies provided by the Applicant, food derived from dual-herbicide tolerant soybean line DP-356043-5 is considered as safe and wholesome as food derived from other commercial soybean varieties. Novel herbicide residues The US EPA has only ...
... On the basis of the available evidence, including detailed studies provided by the Applicant, food derived from dual-herbicide tolerant soybean line DP-356043-5 is considered as safe and wholesome as food derived from other commercial soybean varieties. Novel herbicide residues The US EPA has only ...
Buggy Safety In Amish Community
... factories. They feel that this type of work goes against the life that the Amish have held sacred for hundreds of years because the Amish life is designed for the entire family to work side-by-side on the farm which bonds and solidifies the family and perpetuates their faith. The Amish know that by ...
... factories. They feel that this type of work goes against the life that the Amish have held sacred for hundreds of years because the Amish life is designed for the entire family to work side-by-side on the farm which bonds and solidifies the family and perpetuates their faith. The Amish know that by ...
Document
... beta cell is summarized in Figure 7. The role of proinsulin seems to be con- extrusion by exocytosis (Rubenstein et al., fined mainly to the biosynthetic process 1969). The C-peptide contains all the since most of it is converted to insulin be- additional amino acids of proinsulin aside fore secreti ...
... beta cell is summarized in Figure 7. The role of proinsulin seems to be con- extrusion by exocytosis (Rubenstein et al., fined mainly to the biosynthetic process 1969). The C-peptide contains all the since most of it is converted to insulin be- additional amino acids of proinsulin aside fore secreti ...
Suberin biosynthesis in O. sativa: characterisation of a cytochrome
... An organism is defined to be alive when it features certain characteristics: It has to have the ability to reproduce itself, a metabolism to absorb and convert energy from the environment and to build its own components, it has to be discrete from its surrounding media, and maintain its homoeostasis ...
... An organism is defined to be alive when it features certain characteristics: It has to have the ability to reproduce itself, a metabolism to absorb and convert energy from the environment and to build its own components, it has to be discrete from its surrounding media, and maintain its homoeostasis ...
Random Mutagenesis of Luciola mingrelica Firefly Luciferase
... Abstract—Most firefly luciferases demonstrate a strong pH-dependence of bioluminescence spectra. Gene region encoding first 225 residues of Luciola mingrelica luciferase was subjected to random mutagenesis, and four mutants with altered pHsensitivity of bioluminescence spectra were isolated. F16L su ...
... Abstract—Most firefly luciferases demonstrate a strong pH-dependence of bioluminescence spectra. Gene region encoding first 225 residues of Luciola mingrelica luciferase was subjected to random mutagenesis, and four mutants with altered pHsensitivity of bioluminescence spectra were isolated. F16L su ...
Sequence Searching and Alignments
... Primary or archived databases contain information and annotation of DNA and protein sequences, DNA and protein structures and DNA and protein expression profiles straight from experimental results. Secondary or derived databases are so called because they contain the results of analysis on the prima ...
... Primary or archived databases contain information and annotation of DNA and protein sequences, DNA and protein structures and DNA and protein expression profiles straight from experimental results. Secondary or derived databases are so called because they contain the results of analysis on the prima ...
Document
... Science - the investigation of rational concepts that can be evaluated by observations and experimentation. ...
... Science - the investigation of rational concepts that can be evaluated by observations and experimentation. ...
BIOGENESIS OF MITOCHONDRIAL ATPase Studies on
... (OSCP) has been established [11]. As in beef heart, this protein is necessary for the binding of F 1 to mitochondrial membrane and thus is one of the components which are essential for cold-stable and oligomycin-sensitive ATPase. The activity of OSCP increases during glucose derepression two to thre ...
... (OSCP) has been established [11]. As in beef heart, this protein is necessary for the binding of F 1 to mitochondrial membrane and thus is one of the components which are essential for cold-stable and oligomycin-sensitive ATPase. The activity of OSCP increases during glucose derepression two to thre ...
Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translated into proteins by living cells. Biological decoding is accomplished by the ribosome, which links amino acids in an order specified by mRNA, using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.The code defines how sequences of these nucleotide triplets, called codons, specify which amino acid will be added next during protein synthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid. Because the vast majority of genes are encoded with exactly the same code (see the RNA codon table), this particular code is often referred to as the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code, though in fact some variant codes have evolved. For example, protein synthesis in human mitochondria relies on a genetic code that differs from the standard genetic code.While the genetic code determines the protein sequence for a given coding region, other genomic regions can influence when and where these proteins are produced.