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Chapter 21 Study Guide
Chapter 21 Study Guide

... 1. The light you see with your eyes is called _________________________ _______________________. 2. ___________________________________ __________________________ is energy that can travel directly through space in the form of waves. 3. The distance between the crest of one wave and the crest of the ...
ASTR0 100 HW #4 – SOLUTIONS – 2 points each
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... capable of surviving at extreme climates, and a sun with double the temperature and 16 times the power would certainly produce extreme climates. At those temperatures, it's likely that the polar ice caps would melt and cause extreme flooding. Additionally, with the sun's peak wavelength dropping by ...
The Lives of Stars
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... • Since a white dwarf has the same mass as the sun but only one millionth the volume, it is one million times as dense as the sun. A spoonful of material from a white dwarf has as much mass as a large truck. White dwarfs have no fuel, but they glow faintly from leftover energy. After billions of yea ...
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... the Sun and experiences summer while the other receives less energy and is shrouded in winter. Saturn’s equinox, when the Sun was directly over the equator, occurred in August 2009. In the study, Saturn’s seasons looked earthlike in another way: In each hemisphere, its effective temperature, which c ...
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... • These grains will settle to the disk midplane since they are heavier than the H and He gas. What happens next is uncertain. – One possibility is that the thin disk of dust is gravitationally unstable, leading to the formation of roughly 1 kilometer size objects known as planetesimals. – Another po ...
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Spitzer Space Telescope



The Spitzer Space Telescope (SST), formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), is an infrared space observatory launched in 2003. It is the fourth and final of the NASA Great Observatories program.The planned mission period was to be 2.5 years with a pre-launch expectation that the mission could extend to five or slightly more years until the onboard liquid helium supply was exhausted. This occurred on 15 May 2009. Without liquid helium to cool the telescope to the very low temperatures needed to operate, most of the instruments are no longer usable. However, the two shortest-wavelength modules of the IRAC camera are still operable with the same sensitivity as before the cryogen was exhausted, and will continue to be used in the Spitzer Warm Mission. All Spitzer data, from both the primary and warm phases, are archived at the Infrared Science Archive (IRSA).In keeping with NASA tradition, the telescope was renamed after its successful demonstration of operation, on 18 December 2003. Unlike most telescopes that are named after famous deceased astronomers by a board of scientists, the new name for SIRTF was obtained from a contest open to the general public.The contest led to the telescope being named in honor of astronomer Lyman Spitzer, who had promoted the concept of space telescopes in the 1940s. Spitzer wrote a 1946 report for RAND Corporation describing the advantages of an extraterrestrial observatory and how it could be realized with available or upcoming technology. He has been cited for his pioneering contributions to rocketry and astronomy, as well as ""his vision and leadership in articulating the advantages and benefits to be realized from the Space Telescope Program.""The US$800 million Spitzer was launched from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, on a Delta II 7920H ELV rocket, Monday, 25 August 2003 at 13:35:39 UTC-5 (EDT).It follows a heliocentric instead of geocentric orbit, trailing and drifting away from Earth's orbit at approximately 0.1 astronomical unit per year (a so-called ""earth-trailing"" orbit). The primary mirror is 85 centimeters (33 in) in diameter, f/12, made of beryllium and is cooled to 5.5 K (−449.77 °F). The satellite contains three instruments that allow it to perform astronomical imaging and photometry from 3 to 180 micrometers, spectroscopy from 5 to 40 micrometers, and spectrophotometry from 5 to 100 micrometers.
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