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Understanding Precession of the Equinox
Understanding Precession of the Equinox

... Sun, and they sometimes use 359 degree 59’ and 10”. Obviously the 360 degree motion in an equinoctial year works for calculating the moons position, eclipses, Saro’s cycles and the like but the lunisolar model of 359 degrees 59’ 10” in an equinoctial year works best for calculating the position of s ...
The Hubble Law
The Hubble Law

... would produce the observed red-shift if velocity were really the cause of the red-shifts. The formula states that galaxy speed increases linearly with distance outward into space. The Hubble relation is much used to measure galaxy distances on the scale of billions of light years. First, in this tec ...
Page 1 - Sciss
Page 1 - Sciss

... into the structure we live in now, even the most elementary particles have endured. This show follows the path of one of these “particles,” a proton, as it participates in nature’s astounding events of rebirth and renewal. ...
Lecture 21 (pdf from the powerpoint)
Lecture 21 (pdf from the powerpoint)

... Interacting Massive Particles), or other new sub-atomic particles •Primordial black holes •Non-luminous gas 32-Mpc simulation cold-dark matter Universe. Courtesy R. Cen, Princeton University. ...
The Comprehensible Universe
The Comprehensible Universe

... Abstract -- The Universe perhaps may look and can be modeled as Earth like body and thus the origin of different natural features and their functions, based on certain physical laws, on the Earth can be compared and explained with formation of different features and their functions, based on somewha ...
Document
Document

... 1) A water wave has a frequency of 2Hz and a wavelength of 0.3m. How fast is it moving? 0.6m/s 2) A water wave travels through a pond with a speed of 1m/s and a frequency of 5Hz. What is the wavelength of the waves? ...
P1 The Earth in the Universe
P1 The Earth in the Universe

... 1) A water wave has a frequency of 2Hz and a wavelength of 0.3m. How fast is it moving? 0.6m/s 2) A water wave travels through a pond with a speed of 1m/s and a frequency of 5Hz. What is the wavelength of the waves? ...
Space Charge Characteristics of LDPE/MMT Nano
Space Charge Characteristics of LDPE/MMT Nano

... materials to some extent, (3) As the Dc negative field applied on the surface of LDPE/MMT insulation material the positive charges near anode terminal start to accumulate on the surface and it increase as the stressing time or temperature increase. This show that insulation material layer surface ac ...
observing the universe
observing the universe

... center. A black hole is an extremely dense body of matter, formed by the collapse of a massive star’s core, with a gravitational pull so strong nothing can escape. The study of this celestial phenomenon is somewhat tough. A black hole can’t actually be seen because the gravitational pull is so stron ...
ph507weeks1
ph507weeks1

... Distance: Distance is an easy concept to understand: it is just a length in some units such as in feet, km, light years, parsecs etc. It has been excrutiatingly difficult to measure astronomical distances until this century. Unfortunately most stars are so far away that it is impossible to directly ...
The Dynamics of the Galaxies in the Local Group
The Dynamics of the Galaxies in the Local Group

... • The Milky Way will merge with the Andromeda galaxy to become an elliptical galaxy – Their collision does not need to be as direct a hit as shown in the movie – They do always approach each other close enough to make a merger inevitable ...
10 Astrophysics (Option E)
10 Astrophysics (Option E)

... from the position of the Moon they could calculate the tides. Since the largest objects in the sky gave such good predictions, it was a small step to assume that all the stars could be used to predict events too. Ancient civilizations were so convinced about this that they built huge structures to a ...
The Milky Way Galaxy is Heading for a Major Cosmic Collision
The Milky Way Galaxy is Heading for a Major Cosmic Collision

... •  The Milky will merge with the Andromeda galaxy to become an elliptical galaxy –  Their collision does not need to be as direct a hit as shown in the movie –  They do always approach each other close enough to make a merger inevitable ...
EVERYTHING YOU EVER WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT GAIA!
EVERYTHING YOU EVER WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT GAIA!

... Gaia will also observe more than 50000 objects in our solar system (mostly asteroids), around 10000 new extrasolar planets, more than 50000 brown dwarfs (stars of very low mass that do not emit much light because no nucleosynthesis takes place in their interior), about 20000 supernovae (stars explod ...
everything you ever wanted to know about gaia! - Cosmos
everything you ever wanted to know about gaia! - Cosmos

... Gaia will also observe more than 350000 objects in our solar system (mostly asteroids), around 15000 new extrasolar planets, more than 50000 brown dwarfs (stars of very low mass that do not emit much light because no nucleosynthesis takes place in their interior), about 20000 supernovae (stars explo ...
script
script

... into the universe of galaxies beyond. As we journey outward to distant galaxies we discover a surprising fact: the distant galaxies look much different than the galaxies closer to our Milky Way. Why is this? As it turns out, the light from these distant galaxies takes a much longer time to reach us ...
"Pop Goes the Universe", Scientific American - Harvard
"Pop Goes the Universe", Scientific American - Harvard

... Agency held an international press conference to announce new results from a satellite called Planck. The spacecraft had mapped the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, light emitted more than 13 billion years ago just after the big bang, in better detail than ever before. The new map, scien ...
J: Chapter 4: Stars and Galaxies
J: Chapter 4: Stars and Galaxies

... The Sun’s Layers Within the universe, the Sun is an ordinary star—not too spectacular. However, to you it’s important. The Sun is the center of the solar system, and it makes life possible on Earth. More than 99 percent of all the matter in the solar system is in the Sun. Notice the different layers ...
On the role of GRBs on life extinction in the Universe
On the role of GRBs on life extinction in the Universe

... center), making it inhospitable to life. Only at the outskirts of the Milky Way, at more than 10 kpc from the galactic center, this probability drops below 50%. When considering the Universe as a whole, the safest environments for life (similar to the one on Earth) are the lowest density regions in ...
Observations with Herschel: High-mass star formation and the
Observations with Herschel: High-mass star formation and the

... Along the Milky-Way’s spiral arms, the dynamic interstellar medium is stretched out and sprinkled with new born stars. In this ever changing environment, galactic evolution takes place. It is an unusual chemical and physical laboratory, characterized by very low densities and temperatures not availa ...
goes the universe - Physics Department, Princeton University
goes the universe - Physics Department, Princeton University

... Agency held an international press conference to announce new results from a satellite called Planck. The spacecraft had mapped the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, light emitted more than 13 billion years ago just after the big bang, in better detail than ever before. The new map, scien ...
Introduc on to the Fundamental Astrophysics Course
Introduc on to the Fundamental Astrophysics Course

... undergoes  a  sequence  of  radical  changes  during  its   life)me.     •  Depending  on  the  mass  of  the  star,  this  life)me  ranges   from  only  a  few  million  years  for  the  most  massive  to   trillions  of  years  fo ...
Astronomical Facts `n Stuff
Astronomical Facts `n Stuff

... magnitude it would have if it were located exactly 32.6 light-years (10 parsecs) away. Absolute Magnitude A scale for measuring the actual brightness of a celestial object without accounting for the distance of the object. Absolute magnitude measures how bright an object would appear if it were exac ...
2013. CCAT. All Rights Reserved.
2013. CCAT. All Rights Reserved.

... the star formation and the buildup of heavy elements. Of particular interest is the early period, from approximately 500 million to 3 billion years after the Big Bang (corresponding to redshift ~10 to redshift ~2), in which the first generation of stars began enriching the medium, the Universe was r ...
Solaria Binaria - The Grazian Archive
Solaria Binaria - The Grazian Archive

... The binary system rotates like a lopsided dumb-bell as it moves through galactic space. The Sun orbits about the planets and the companion as they also orbit about the Sun. To be precise, all bodies in the system orbit about its center of motion with the same period. ...
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Outer space



Outer space, or just space, is the void that exists between celestial bodies, including the Earth. It is not completely empty, but consists of a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles, predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, neutrinos, dust and cosmic rays. The baseline temperature, as set by the background radiation from the Big Bang, is 2.7 kelvin (K). Plasma with a number density of less than one hydrogen atom per cubic metre and a temperature of millions of kelvin in the space between galaxies accounts for most of the baryonic (ordinary) matter in outer space; local concentrations have condensed into stars and galaxies. In most galaxies, observations provide evidence that 90% of the mass is in an unknown form, called dark matter, which interacts with other matter through gravitational but not electromagnetic forces. Data indicates that the majority of the mass-energy in the observable Universe is a poorly understood vacuum energy of space which astronomers label dark energy. Intergalactic space takes up most of the volume of the Universe, but even galaxies and star systems consist almost entirely of empty space.There is no firm boundary where space begins. However the Kármán line, at an altitude of 100 km (62 mi) above sea level, is conventionally used as the start of outer space in space treaties and for aerospace records keeping. The framework for international space law was established by the Outer Space Treaty, which was passed by the United Nations in 1967. This treaty precludes any claims of national sovereignty and permits all states to freely explore outer space. Despite the drafting of UN resolutions for the peaceful uses of outer space, anti-satellite weapons have been tested in Earth orbit.Humans began the physical exploration of space during the 20th century with the advent of high-altitude balloon flights, followed by manned rocket launches. Earth orbit was first achieved by Yuri Gagarin of the Soviet Union in 1961 and unmanned spacecraft have since reached all of the known planets in the Solar System. Due to the high cost of getting into space, manned spaceflight has been limited to low Earth orbit and the Moon.Outer space represents a challenging environment for human exploration because of the dual hazards of vacuum and radiation. Microgravity also has a negative effect on human physiology that causes both muscle atrophy and bone loss. In addition to these health and environmental issues, the economic cost of putting objects, including humans, into space is high.
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