The Astrobiology Primer - Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers
... The Astrobiology Primer has been created as a reference tool for those who are interested in the interdisciplinary field of astrobiology. The field incorporates many diverse research endeavors, but it is our hope that this slim volume will present the reader with all he or she needs to know to becom ...
... The Astrobiology Primer has been created as a reference tool for those who are interested in the interdisciplinary field of astrobiology. The field incorporates many diverse research endeavors, but it is our hope that this slim volume will present the reader with all he or she needs to know to becom ...
Galaxy Powerpoint Notes
... The creation of galaxies is a very mysterious topic as it is uncertain of how the universe was created. The most common theory however, is the theory of the Big Bang, which states that the universe expanded from a very dense state and continues to expand today. Another common prediction of how galax ...
... The creation of galaxies is a very mysterious topic as it is uncertain of how the universe was created. The most common theory however, is the theory of the Big Bang, which states that the universe expanded from a very dense state and continues to expand today. Another common prediction of how galax ...
Edgar Allan Poe: the first man to conceive a Newtonian evolving
... whom the poem is dedicated with very profound respect. Poe's approach is the one of modern cosmology which make a global model out of few relevant observational facts. Not without a certain amount of snobbish attitude Poe remarks: The error of our progenitors was quite analogous with that of the wis ...
... whom the poem is dedicated with very profound respect. Poe's approach is the one of modern cosmology which make a global model out of few relevant observational facts. Not without a certain amount of snobbish attitude Poe remarks: The error of our progenitors was quite analogous with that of the wis ...
Dynamics and Space Homework 1
... a. Why a book sitting on a table does not move; b. How a car can travel along a straight level road at a constant speed; c. Why a spaceship in outer pace continues moving at the same speed in the same direction. ...
... a. Why a book sitting on a table does not move; b. How a car can travel along a straight level road at a constant speed; c. Why a spaceship in outer pace continues moving at the same speed in the same direction. ...
First life in primordial-planet oceans: the
... how are sufficient numbers of comets and meteors formed? How, when, and where did life begin in the first place, how widely is it distributed, and are life forms likely to be similar everywhere? In earlier papers we have suggested an origin of life in primordial planets that began their condensation ...
... how are sufficient numbers of comets and meteors formed? How, when, and where did life begin in the first place, how widely is it distributed, and are life forms likely to be similar everywhere? In earlier papers we have suggested an origin of life in primordial planets that began their condensation ...
early universe was highly frozen?!
... matter. An approximation to such Vacuum is a region with a gaseous pressure much less than atmosphere pressure. As such many different regions of Vacuum are identified as perfect vacuum region, partial vacuum region, ultra high vacuum region etc. Scientist Einstein focused the region as vacuum where ...
... matter. An approximation to such Vacuum is a region with a gaseous pressure much less than atmosphere pressure. As such many different regions of Vacuum are identified as perfect vacuum region, partial vacuum region, ultra high vacuum region etc. Scientist Einstein focused the region as vacuum where ...
Dark matter
... lightyears distant in one direction appears little different than a region 12 billion lightyears distant in the opposite direction. But since the universe is 'only' around 13.7 billion years old, it would appear these regions could never have been causally connected. How, then, can they be so simila ...
... lightyears distant in one direction appears little different than a region 12 billion lightyears distant in the opposite direction. But since the universe is 'only' around 13.7 billion years old, it would appear these regions could never have been causally connected. How, then, can they be so simila ...
P7 Further Physics : Observing the Universe
... Orbits of the planets and Moon. How these result in phases of the Moon, eclipses of the Sun and Moon, apparent motion of planets and stars. Difference between solar and sidereal day. ...
... Orbits of the planets and Moon. How these result in phases of the Moon, eclipses of the Sun and Moon, apparent motion of planets and stars. Difference between solar and sidereal day. ...
PH607 – Galaxies
... used for calibrating distances and also that what Hubble thought were bright stars in distant galaxies were actually H II regions. Throughout the 20th century we found evidence for H0 in the range 50 -100 km/s/Mpc, depending on the method employed. So, we took h = H/100 km/s/Mpc in all our formula t ...
... used for calibrating distances and also that what Hubble thought were bright stars in distant galaxies were actually H II regions. Throughout the 20th century we found evidence for H0 in the range 50 -100 km/s/Mpc, depending on the method employed. So, we took h = H/100 km/s/Mpc in all our formula t ...
Introduction to Galaxies - West Jefferson Local Schools
... Types of Galaxies III. Irregulars Irregular galaxies lack any specific form and contain stars, gas and dust generally associated with a youth. The irregular galaxy at right is the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite of the Milky Way located about 180,000 light years from the sun. The LMC is about 6 ...
... Types of Galaxies III. Irregulars Irregular galaxies lack any specific form and contain stars, gas and dust generally associated with a youth. The irregular galaxy at right is the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite of the Milky Way located about 180,000 light years from the sun. The LMC is about 6 ...
Galaxy Classification - VCI
... he began to classify them into different types. The shape and color of a galaxy tell us a lot about the events that have happened within that galaxy. ...
... he began to classify them into different types. The shape and color of a galaxy tell us a lot about the events that have happened within that galaxy. ...
The Origin of Life from Primordial Planets
... model with dark energy (Λ) is roughly a billion times the age of the present universe. Because a key result of HGD is that the dark matter of galaxies is dense clumps of ancient planets, each of which is a potential host for life, this first order argument against astrobiology and panspermia (Wickra ...
... model with dark energy (Λ) is roughly a billion times the age of the present universe. Because a key result of HGD is that the dark matter of galaxies is dense clumps of ancient planets, each of which is a potential host for life, this first order argument against astrobiology and panspermia (Wickra ...
infoBIT - Gift Lake School
... It took four days for the lunar module Eagle to make the trip from our planet to the Moon’s surface. When it touched down, only a few seconds’ worth of the budgeted fuel for landing remained. If the process of landing had taken longer, the Eagle would have started using up the fuel rationed for gett ...
... It took four days for the lunar module Eagle to make the trip from our planet to the Moon’s surface. When it touched down, only a few seconds’ worth of the budgeted fuel for landing remained. If the process of landing had taken longer, the Eagle would have started using up the fuel rationed for gett ...
Section 6 The Expanding Universe The Doppler Effect
... of the universe. To do this he had to use stars known as ‘standard c andles’, stars whose luminosity can be reliably calculated and used as a reference point to measure the luminosity and relative distance of other stars. However, it was not Hubble who found these reference stars. The term ‘standard ...
... of the universe. To do this he had to use stars known as ‘standard c andles’, stars whose luminosity can be reliably calculated and used as a reference point to measure the luminosity and relative distance of other stars. However, it was not Hubble who found these reference stars. The term ‘standard ...
TAKS objective 5 Earth and Space Systems
... Our sun is a medium-size yellow star. It is 4.6 billion years old. In the sun, hydrogen undergoes nuclear fusion, a process that releases vast amounts of energy. During fusion hydrogen atoms join to form helium atoms. Hydrogen fusion is the source of light, heat, and other radiation from the sun. ST ...
... Our sun is a medium-size yellow star. It is 4.6 billion years old. In the sun, hydrogen undergoes nuclear fusion, a process that releases vast amounts of energy. During fusion hydrogen atoms join to form helium atoms. Hydrogen fusion is the source of light, heat, and other radiation from the sun. ST ...
low surface brightness galaxies
... At least for a part of the elliptical galaxy population, a hierarchical formation scenario in which larger spheroidals are assembled relatively late from the merger of late–type galaxies of comparable mass. Such a bottom-up formation scenario is naturally expected for the structure formation process ...
... At least for a part of the elliptical galaxy population, a hierarchical formation scenario in which larger spheroidals are assembled relatively late from the merger of late–type galaxies of comparable mass. Such a bottom-up formation scenario is naturally expected for the structure formation process ...
PH607lec12
... This cluster is loaded with gas and dust rich, star forming, spiral galaxies but has relatively few elliptical galaxies, which lack gas and dust and the associated newborn stars. Colours in the composite image show the star forming galaxies with a blue tint and ellipticals with a slightly yellowish ...
... This cluster is loaded with gas and dust rich, star forming, spiral galaxies but has relatively few elliptical galaxies, which lack gas and dust and the associated newborn stars. Colours in the composite image show the star forming galaxies with a blue tint and ellipticals with a slightly yellowish ...
has occurred over the past 14 billion years COSMIC DOWNSIZING
... from more distant galaxies takes longer to reach us, so we observe these structures in an earlier stage of development.) By examining the x-rays emitted by the cores of these relatively close galaxies, researchers have discovered many tremendously massive black holes still devouring the surrounding ...
... from more distant galaxies takes longer to reach us, so we observe these structures in an earlier stage of development.) By examining the x-rays emitted by the cores of these relatively close galaxies, researchers have discovered many tremendously massive black holes still devouring the surrounding ...
The Milky Way and other Galaxies
... Measuring the Mass of the Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way By following the orbits of individual stars near the center of the Milky Way, the mass of the central black hole could be determined to be ~ 4 million solar masses. ...
... Measuring the Mass of the Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way By following the orbits of individual stars near the center of the Milky Way, the mass of the central black hole could be determined to be ~ 4 million solar masses. ...
3D Reconstruction and Visualization of Spiral Galaxies
... Figure 1 shows infrared images obtained by Spitzer’s infrared array camera, a space telescope to obtain images and spectra in infrared at wavelengths between 3 to 180 micron, that cannot be detected from Earth [Tel]. It exhibits a four-color composite of Galaxy M81 which is located at a distance of ...
... Figure 1 shows infrared images obtained by Spitzer’s infrared array camera, a space telescope to obtain images and spectra in infrared at wavelengths between 3 to 180 micron, that cannot be detected from Earth [Tel]. It exhibits a four-color composite of Galaxy M81 which is located at a distance of ...
WIMPs and MACHOs - Caltech Astronomy
... signals can be detected. For example, some experiments use kilogram size germanium and silicon crystals and attempt to detect the ionization and phonon signals. Other groups use sodium iodide crystals and look for the scintillation light caused by the ionized electrons or search for crystal dislocat ...
... signals can be detected. For example, some experiments use kilogram size germanium and silicon crystals and attempt to detect the ionization and phonon signals. Other groups use sodium iodide crystals and look for the scintillation light caused by the ionized electrons or search for crystal dislocat ...
OGU - What`s Out Tonight?
... supermassive black holes at their very centers (You can read more about this on page 25). Astronomers are not sure if galaxies formed around black holes created at the beginning of the Universe or if the central black holes were later formed by the galaxies. In either case, this leads us to the evol ...
... supermassive black holes at their very centers (You can read more about this on page 25). Astronomers are not sure if galaxies formed around black holes created at the beginning of the Universe or if the central black holes were later formed by the galaxies. In either case, this leads us to the evol ...
Origin of the Chemical Elements
... Chemical elements are central for the existence of life and the richness and variety of our environment. Therefore, one of the basic questions concerns the origin of the chemical elements. The answer is complex because it relies on dynamical processes from elementary particles and nuclei to stars an ...
... Chemical elements are central for the existence of life and the richness and variety of our environment. Therefore, one of the basic questions concerns the origin of the chemical elements. The answer is complex because it relies on dynamical processes from elementary particles and nuclei to stars an ...
Chapter 2 Observing the Electromagnetic Spectrum
... the entire electromagnetic region, they too are sources of increasing ’pollution’ for ground-based observations, when recorded as streaks of light across long exposure wide-field images near to, or through (Figure 2.3) objects of interest. Of July, 2009 there were ∼900 operational satellites, with ∼ ...
... the entire electromagnetic region, they too are sources of increasing ’pollution’ for ground-based observations, when recorded as streaks of light across long exposure wide-field images near to, or through (Figure 2.3) objects of interest. Of July, 2009 there were ∼900 operational satellites, with ∼ ...
Outer space
Outer space, or just space, is the void that exists between celestial bodies, including the Earth. It is not completely empty, but consists of a hard vacuum containing a low density of particles, predominantly a plasma of hydrogen and helium as well as electromagnetic radiation, magnetic fields, neutrinos, dust and cosmic rays. The baseline temperature, as set by the background radiation from the Big Bang, is 2.7 kelvin (K). Plasma with a number density of less than one hydrogen atom per cubic metre and a temperature of millions of kelvin in the space between galaxies accounts for most of the baryonic (ordinary) matter in outer space; local concentrations have condensed into stars and galaxies. In most galaxies, observations provide evidence that 90% of the mass is in an unknown form, called dark matter, which interacts with other matter through gravitational but not electromagnetic forces. Data indicates that the majority of the mass-energy in the observable Universe is a poorly understood vacuum energy of space which astronomers label dark energy. Intergalactic space takes up most of the volume of the Universe, but even galaxies and star systems consist almost entirely of empty space.There is no firm boundary where space begins. However the Kármán line, at an altitude of 100 km (62 mi) above sea level, is conventionally used as the start of outer space in space treaties and for aerospace records keeping. The framework for international space law was established by the Outer Space Treaty, which was passed by the United Nations in 1967. This treaty precludes any claims of national sovereignty and permits all states to freely explore outer space. Despite the drafting of UN resolutions for the peaceful uses of outer space, anti-satellite weapons have been tested in Earth orbit.Humans began the physical exploration of space during the 20th century with the advent of high-altitude balloon flights, followed by manned rocket launches. Earth orbit was first achieved by Yuri Gagarin of the Soviet Union in 1961 and unmanned spacecraft have since reached all of the known planets in the Solar System. Due to the high cost of getting into space, manned spaceflight has been limited to low Earth orbit and the Moon.Outer space represents a challenging environment for human exploration because of the dual hazards of vacuum and radiation. Microgravity also has a negative effect on human physiology that causes both muscle atrophy and bone loss. In addition to these health and environmental issues, the economic cost of putting objects, including humans, into space is high.