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... sun will burn brightly for many years. A star's gravitational pull will attract other objects into orbit around it, which can create a solar system like ours. Because stars have such a strong gravitational pull, they tend to be far away from each other. The Earth is a whole 149.6 million kilometers ...
Planet Search Unit Overview Habitability Zone Around Other Stars in
Planet Search Unit Overview Habitability Zone Around Other Stars in

Search for Planets Lecture Notes
Search for Planets Lecture Notes

... Questions • If Venus were just a little bit smaller, its climate would be Earth-like. • Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but it may have been in the past. • Venus is not in the habitable zone now, but in a few billion years from now it will be. • If we could somehow start plate tectonics on V ...
Study Guide for Stars and Galaxies Quiz ANSWER KEY
Study Guide for Stars and Galaxies Quiz ANSWER KEY

... Planetesimals collided and grew larger by sticking together, eventually combining to form the planets.  5. Why is there a difference in the inner and outer planets?  It was so hot close to the sun that most water and other ice­forming materials simply  vaporized. Most gases escaped the gravity of t ...
2011_JCB_SS_Key_1_
2011_JCB_SS_Key_1_

... is in opposition? (The distance from the Earth to the Sun is 1 AU) (The distance from Earth to Jupiter is about 4 AU;) (Sunlight to the Earth is about 8.3 minutes, so 4 AU X 8.3 minutes =) 33.3 minutes or 34 minutes 20. Why on the Earth, is the time period of one high tide till the next high tide ab ...
Notes for Unit 5
Notes for Unit 5

... suddenly with an outgoing shock wave. This causes the outer part of the star to explode violently; this is called a supernova. They light up entire galaxies and in the past have appeared as sudden very bright stars in our sky which quickly fade. If the star is not totally destroyed by the explosion, ...
Universal Gravitation WS
Universal Gravitation WS

2012年雅思阅读考试考前冲刺试题(1)
2012年雅思阅读考试考前冲刺试题(1)

... 11.答案:orbiting (第12段第1句:Since the discovery in 1995 of the first "exoplanet" - a planet orbiting a star other than the Sun - more than 200 others have been found by ground-based observatories.) 12.答案:harbour life (第13段:Until now the usual method of finding exoplanets has been to detect the "wobble" ...
Winter Interim Assessment Review
Winter Interim Assessment Review

... • Many places that are far from Earth’s equator and its poles have four distinct seasons; winter, spring, summer, and autumn. This is because of how sunlight strikes Earth’s surface. • Near the equator, sunlight hits the Earth’s surface from overhead. • Near the poles, sunlight arrives a steep angle ...
Star and Sun Properties
Star and Sun Properties

PLANETARY MOTION
PLANETARY MOTION

... viewpoints: from one of the planets, from the Sun or from outside the Solar System. We start positioning outside the Solar System: from this position we can see how planets are arranged, which are their orbits and their distances from the Sun. Start Stellarium and open the location window (left menu ...
PLANETARY MOTION G. Iafrate(a) and M. Ramella(a) (a) INAF
PLANETARY MOTION G. Iafrate(a) and M. Ramella(a) (a) INAF

... viewpoints: from one of the planets, from the Sun or from outside the Solar System. We start positioning outside the Solar System: from this position we can see how planets are arranged, which are their orbits and their distances from the Sun. Start Stellarium and open the location window (left menu ...
Session Two - A Sidewalk Astronomer in Charlottetown
Session Two - A Sidewalk Astronomer in Charlottetown

... ◦ Mercury and Venus are always close to Sun. Outer planets are at various points on the ecliptic. Find out where a planet will be before going to try to observe it. ◦ If a planet is too close to or behind the Sun, it may not be visible at all for a long time. ◦ You may read that a planet is in a co ...
Planetary Science - Columbia Falls Junior High
Planetary Science - Columbia Falls Junior High

... 1) Find the time between sunrise and sunset. 2) Divide that time in half. 3) Add that time to the ...
SES4U Distance Calculation Practice 1 light year = 9.46 x 1015
SES4U Distance Calculation Practice 1 light year = 9.46 x 1015

... 1. How many AUs are one light year? (ANS: 63 066.67 AU) 2. If the circumference of the Earth is 40 075 km, how many times around the Earth would it take to go from the Sun to the asteroid belt if the asteroid belt is 2.7 AU from the Sun? (ANS: 10106.05 times around the Earth) 3. The Crab nebula is a ...
SES4U Distance Calculation Practice 1 light year = 9.46 x 1015
SES4U Distance Calculation Practice 1 light year = 9.46 x 1015

... 1. How many AUs are one light year? (ANS: 63 066.67 AU) 2. If the circumference of the Earth is 40 075 km, how many times around the Earth would it take to go from the Sun to the asteroid belt if the asteroid belt is 2.7 AU from the Sun? (ANS: 10106.05 times around the Earth) 3. The Crab nebula is a ...
Date - Penn Physics
Date - Penn Physics

The Origin of the Solar System
The Origin of the Solar System

... asteroid belts? Should all solar systems show evidence of an age of heavy bombardment? 2. If the solar nebula hypothesis is correct, then there are probably more planets in the universe than stars. Do you agree? Why or why not? ...
The Family of Stars
The Family of Stars

15.3 The Lives of Stars
15.3 The Lives of Stars

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Chapter 3

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... 29) Why can the Hubble Telescope observe fainter galaxies than can be observed on Earth? A) the Hubble Telescope is closer to the galaxies B) the Hubble Telescope can observe gamma rays C) the Hubble Telescope is above the Earth’s atmosphere D) the Hubble Telescope can observe X-rays E) the Hubble T ...
Name - MIT
Name - MIT

... 30) Why can the Hubble Telescope observe fainter galaxies than can be observed on Earth? A) the Hubble Telescope is closer to the galaxies B) the Hubble Telescope can observe gamma rays C) the Hubble Telescope can observe X-rays D) the Hubble Telescope can observe radio waves E) the Hubble Telescope ...
Interactive Tutorial Activities in ASTR 310
Interactive Tutorial Activities in ASTR 310

... and/or volcanic eruptions E) b receives more impacts than a so there is no way to D b has a smaller diameter, takes longer than a to orbit (a) about equal numbers using each method E b has the same diameter as a, takes less time to orbit (b) mostly the transit method, and very few by the Doppler shi ...
File - SMIC Physics
File - SMIC Physics

... • If the collapsed core of a supernova is > 3 times the mass of Sun → continue to collapse → until it becomes a point → gravity near this mass is so strong that nothing can escape from it, not even light → black hole • Black hole is not like a giant vacuum cleaner sucking in distance objects • Only ...
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Rare Earth hypothesis



In planetary astronomy and astrobiology, the Rare Earth Hypothesis argues that the origin of life and the evolution of biological complexity such as sexually reproducing, multicellular organisms on Earth (and, subsequently, human intelligence) required an improbable combination of astrophysical and geological events and circumstances. The hypothesis argues that complex extraterrestrial life is a very improbable phenomenon and likely to be extremely rare. The term ""Rare Earth"" originates from Rare Earth: Why Complex Life Is Uncommon in the Universe (2000), a book by Peter Ward, a geologist and paleontologist, and Donald E. Brownlee, an astronomer and astrobiologist, both faculty members at the University of Washington.An alternative view point was argued by Carl Sagan and Frank Drake, among others. It holds that Earth is a typical rocky planet in a typical planetary system, located in a non-exceptional region of a common barred-spiral galaxy. Given the principle of mediocrity (also called the Copernican principle), it is probable that the universe teems with complex life. Ward and Brownlee argue to the contrary: that planets, planetary systems, and galactic regions that are as friendly to complex life as are the Earth, the Solar System, and our region of the Milky Way are very rare.
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