A Bayesian method for the detection of planetary transits
... the Zodiacal light. This last one gives a dominant contribution which is of the order of 300 e− /30 s/pix in our case. In consequence, the magnitude of the stars which can be monitored with sufficient photometric accuracy ranges from 12 to 16. The minimum sampling available for the data is imposed b ...
... the Zodiacal light. This last one gives a dominant contribution which is of the order of 300 e− /30 s/pix in our case. In consequence, the magnitude of the stars which can be monitored with sufficient photometric accuracy ranges from 12 to 16. The minimum sampling available for the data is imposed b ...
Spring 2012 - Union College
... earlier each night. After a month, a star will rise 2 hours earlier. So our perspective of the Universe changes throughout the year. We must take these motions into account when timing observations. We need also to define a system that describes the way a particular observer sees the sky at any part ...
... earlier each night. After a month, a star will rise 2 hours earlier. So our perspective of the Universe changes throughout the year. We must take these motions into account when timing observations. We need also to define a system that describes the way a particular observer sees the sky at any part ...
PHYSICAL SCIENCE STUDY GUIDE CHAPTER 10: 1. What are the
... 3. Describe the constituents, structure, and scale of an atom. 4. List the four basic forces of the universe in order of strength. Describe the role of each one in the universe and discuss their ranges. 5. Name and describe the three different isotopes of hydrogen. 6. Describe the three types of rad ...
... 3. Describe the constituents, structure, and scale of an atom. 4. List the four basic forces of the universe in order of strength. Describe the role of each one in the universe and discuss their ranges. 5. Name and describe the three different isotopes of hydrogen. 6. Describe the three types of rad ...
Using Star Charts
... call the ecliptic. Planets also undergo something called retrograde motion- this is due to relative motions of the planets relative to Earth. We move faster than the planet outside Earth’s orbit of the sun, so as we pass them they seem to slow down, turn around and go backwards. This is only an opti ...
... call the ecliptic. Planets also undergo something called retrograde motion- this is due to relative motions of the planets relative to Earth. We move faster than the planet outside Earth’s orbit of the sun, so as we pass them they seem to slow down, turn around and go backwards. This is only an opti ...
Impact on stellar properties of changing physics SAC Summer
... was originally created by Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Norris Russell. It shows the relationship between the star’s luminosity or absolute magnitude versus its effective temperature or spectral type. In general, stars of greater luminosity populate the top of the diagram, while stars with higher surf ...
... was originally created by Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Norris Russell. It shows the relationship between the star’s luminosity or absolute magnitude versus its effective temperature or spectral type. In general, stars of greater luminosity populate the top of the diagram, while stars with higher surf ...
Interpretation of the Helix Planetary Nebula using Hydro
... are required by HGD as summarized elsewhere (Gibson 2006a; Gibson 2006b). Jovian rogue planets dominating inner halo galaxy mass densities matches the identical, but completely independent, interpretation offered from Q0957+561A,B quasar microlensing observations (Schild 1996). Repeated, continuous, ...
... are required by HGD as summarized elsewhere (Gibson 2006a; Gibson 2006b). Jovian rogue planets dominating inner halo galaxy mass densities matches the identical, but completely independent, interpretation offered from Q0957+561A,B quasar microlensing observations (Schild 1996). Repeated, continuous, ...
File
... A long time ago scientists thought that the Universe never changed. Now there is evidence to show that stars progress through various stages and that the Universe is expanding. (a) Our Sun is in its main sequence stage. (i) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer. ...
... A long time ago scientists thought that the Universe never changed. Now there is evidence to show that stars progress through various stages and that the Universe is expanding. (a) Our Sun is in its main sequence stage. (i) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer. ...
s-process
... The Galaxy in time – a brief review of the formation of the Milky Way and its structural components The origin of the elements – back to B2FH! A stroll through the Periodic Table A timeline of Galactic chemical enrichment What does it all mean? ...
... The Galaxy in time – a brief review of the formation of the Milky Way and its structural components The origin of the elements – back to B2FH! A stroll through the Periodic Table A timeline of Galactic chemical enrichment What does it all mean? ...
The extreme ultraviolet and X-ray Sun in Time: High
... on the MS, giving observational constraints on the percentiles at these ages (with 230, 134, and 36 stars, respectively at the considered ages). We use additional constraints for pre-mainsequence (PMS) rotation from the ≈2 Myr cluster NGC 6530 (28 stars; Henderson & Stassun 2012) and the ≈12 Myr clu ...
... on the MS, giving observational constraints on the percentiles at these ages (with 230, 134, and 36 stars, respectively at the considered ages). We use additional constraints for pre-mainsequence (PMS) rotation from the ≈2 Myr cluster NGC 6530 (28 stars; Henderson & Stassun 2012) and the ≈12 Myr clu ...
Kings Dethroned - The Flat Earth Society
... And now it is for us to very carefully study this fundamental idea of the Heliocentric theory, for there is an error in it. Ptolemy had made it appear that the sun and stars revolved around a stationary earth, but Copernicus advanced the theory that it was the earth which revolved around a stationar ...
... And now it is for us to very carefully study this fundamental idea of the Heliocentric theory, for there is an error in it. Ptolemy had made it appear that the sun and stars revolved around a stationary earth, but Copernicus advanced the theory that it was the earth which revolved around a stationar ...
Hands On Astronomy
... 5. The earth is actually 64 times larger in volume than the moon! How many students got it right? Have students try again. Take all the clay from the second can and combine it into a single lump of clay. Now divide the clay into 64 roughly equal parts. Take one of these small pieces and roll it int ...
... 5. The earth is actually 64 times larger in volume than the moon! How many students got it right? Have students try again. Take all the clay from the second can and combine it into a single lump of clay. Now divide the clay into 64 roughly equal parts. Take one of these small pieces and roll it int ...
The Terrestrial Planets
... in its climate and therefore much more accessible for future human expansion throughout the solar system. Historically, this planet was regarded as a potential target for finding life beyond Earth, and it is still addressed as a possible site that could harbor life at the microbial level and where e ...
... in its climate and therefore much more accessible for future human expansion throughout the solar system. Historically, this planet was regarded as a potential target for finding life beyond Earth, and it is still addressed as a possible site that could harbor life at the microbial level and where e ...
Icy Bodies in the New Solar System - UCLA
... A different Jupiter family comet (Kuiper belt source) nucleus is shown in Figure 3. While similar in size to P/Wild 2, this nucleus is less densely cratered and a large swath of the surface is occupied by a smooth, lobate flow-like feature. Again, the surface geology is a mystery for which several s ...
... A different Jupiter family comet (Kuiper belt source) nucleus is shown in Figure 3. While similar in size to P/Wild 2, this nucleus is less densely cratered and a large swath of the surface is occupied by a smooth, lobate flow-like feature. Again, the surface geology is a mystery for which several s ...
Origin and loss of nebula-captured hydrogen envelopes from `sub`
... hydrodynamic upper atmosphere model and calculate the loss rates due to the heating by the high soft-X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) flux of the young Sun/star. The results of our study indicate that under most nebula conditions ‘sub-Earth’ and Earth-mass planets can lose their captured hydrogen ...
... hydrodynamic upper atmosphere model and calculate the loss rates due to the heating by the high soft-X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) flux of the young Sun/star. The results of our study indicate that under most nebula conditions ‘sub-Earth’ and Earth-mass planets can lose their captured hydrogen ...
Star Formation in the Local Milky Way
... 3. The Origin of Stellar Mass 3.1. The Stellar Initial Mass Function According to the theory of stellar structure and evolution, once formed the subsequent life history of a star is entirely predetermined by the only two parameters: the star’s initial mass and, to a lesser extent, its chemical compo ...
... 3. The Origin of Stellar Mass 3.1. The Stellar Initial Mass Function According to the theory of stellar structure and evolution, once formed the subsequent life history of a star is entirely predetermined by the only two parameters: the star’s initial mass and, to a lesser extent, its chemical compo ...
Looking for planets with SPHERE in planetary systems with double
... significant fraction of main-sequence stars older than about 10 Myr. Since the circumstellar dust is short-lived, the very existence of these disks is considered as an evidence that dust-producing planetesimals are still present in mature systems, in which planets have formed- or failed to form- a l ...
... significant fraction of main-sequence stars older than about 10 Myr. Since the circumstellar dust is short-lived, the very existence of these disks is considered as an evidence that dust-producing planetesimals are still present in mature systems, in which planets have formed- or failed to form- a l ...
J: Chapter 4: Stars and Galaxies
... How do scientists determine distance to stars from the solar system that Earth is part of? One way is to measure its parallax—the apparent shift in the position of an object when viewed from two different positions. Extend your arm and look at your thumb first with your left eye closed and then with ...
... How do scientists determine distance to stars from the solar system that Earth is part of? One way is to measure its parallax—the apparent shift in the position of an object when viewed from two different positions. Extend your arm and look at your thumb first with your left eye closed and then with ...
The Solar System - MrCrabtreesScience
... • Is comprised almost entirely of hydrogen and helium. If it were considerably larger, it could have become a star. • The gas is compressed to a liquid in the center. • There is likely a molten rocky core, possibly from impacts with other objects. • Surface temp -153C (Core is hotter due to pressure ...
... • Is comprised almost entirely of hydrogen and helium. If it were considerably larger, it could have become a star. • The gas is compressed to a liquid in the center. • There is likely a molten rocky core, possibly from impacts with other objects. • Surface temp -153C (Core is hotter due to pressure ...
Introduction
... was made by monitoring variations in the radial velocity of a star (Mayor & Queloz, 1995). This exoplanet, 51 Pegasi b, is classified as a Hot Jupiter as it is similar in mass to Jupiter (half the mass) and it orbits close to its star (about 8 times closer than Mercury orbits the Sun). The discovery ...
... was made by monitoring variations in the radial velocity of a star (Mayor & Queloz, 1995). This exoplanet, 51 Pegasi b, is classified as a Hot Jupiter as it is similar in mass to Jupiter (half the mass) and it orbits close to its star (about 8 times closer than Mercury orbits the Sun). The discovery ...
The Sun is a Plasma Diffuser that Sorts Atoms by Mass*
... Nuclide masses showed repulsive N N interactions, high potential energy for those in a neutron star, and a source for luminosity, neutrinos, and the carrier gas that sustains mass fractionation and an outflow of solar-wind hydrogen [12, 13]. “Running difference” images of the Sun with filters to enhanc ...
... Nuclide masses showed repulsive N N interactions, high potential energy for those in a neutron star, and a source for luminosity, neutrinos, and the carrier gas that sustains mass fractionation and an outflow of solar-wind hydrogen [12, 13]. “Running difference” images of the Sun with filters to enhanc ...
Dyson Spheres around White Dwarfs arXiv:1503.04376
... A Dyson Sphere represents a particular realization of the Kardashev Type II stage, the obvious way to ”catch” all the power of a star. Dyson [1] in the original paper2 points out that such a sphere would have to emit thermal radiation with total power3 equal to that of the star. Since it would look ...
... A Dyson Sphere represents a particular realization of the Kardashev Type II stage, the obvious way to ”catch” all the power of a star. Dyson [1] in the original paper2 points out that such a sphere would have to emit thermal radiation with total power3 equal to that of the star. Since it would look ...
How we think the planets were born
... "There are innumerable worlds which differ in size. In some worlds there is no sun and moon, in others they are larger than in our world, and in others more numerous. They are destroyed by colliding with each other. There are some worlds without any living creatures, plants, or moisture.” - Hippolyt ...
... "There are innumerable worlds which differ in size. In some worlds there is no sun and moon, in others they are larger than in our world, and in others more numerous. They are destroyed by colliding with each other. There are some worlds without any living creatures, plants, or moisture.” - Hippolyt ...
The Fixed Idea of Astronomical Theory
... is evident that the leading velo city of all planets is the same independent of their distance from the sun B ut the spiral in itself a line of do uble curvature by the cours e of the sun its third curvature for a motion in a straight line b eing impossible in sp ace the sun makes a curve himself If ...
... is evident that the leading velo city of all planets is the same independent of their distance from the sun B ut the spiral in itself a line of do uble curvature by the cours e of the sun its third curvature for a motion in a straight line b eing impossible in sp ace the sun makes a curve himself If ...
The Habitability of Proxima Centauri b I: Evolutionary Scenarios
... opportunity to begin the scientific process of searching for unambiguous signs of life. In this study, we leverage the known (but sparse) data on Proxima b and its host system to predict the range of evolutionary pathways that the planet may have experienced. As we show below, many evolutionary hist ...
... opportunity to begin the scientific process of searching for unambiguous signs of life. In this study, we leverage the known (but sparse) data on Proxima b and its host system to predict the range of evolutionary pathways that the planet may have experienced. As we show below, many evolutionary hist ...
Tidal evolution
... • Rapid drop in mean eccentricity with semimajor axis. Can be used to place a limit on Q and rigidity of these planets using the circularization timescale and ages of systems • Large eccentricity distribution just exterior to this cutoff semi-major axis • Large sizes of planets found via transit sur ...
... • Rapid drop in mean eccentricity with semimajor axis. Can be used to place a limit on Q and rigidity of these planets using the circularization timescale and ages of systems • Large eccentricity distribution just exterior to this cutoff semi-major axis • Large sizes of planets found via transit sur ...
Planetary habitability
Planetary habitability is the measure of a planet's or a natural satellite's potential to develop and sustain life. Life may develop directly on a planet or satellite or be transferred to it from another body, a theoretical process known as panspermia. As the existence of life beyond Earth is unknown, planetary habitability is largely an extrapolation of conditions on Earth and the characteristics of the Sun and Solar System which appear favourable to life's flourishing—in particular those factors that have sustained complex, multicellular organisms and not just simpler, unicellular creatures. Research and theory in this regard is a component of planetary science and the emerging discipline of astrobiology.An absolute requirement for life is an energy source, and the notion of planetary habitability implies that many other geophysical, geochemical, and astrophysical criteria must be met before an astronomical body can support life. In its astrobiology roadmap, NASA has defined the principal habitability criteria as ""extended regions of liquid water, conditions favourable for the assembly of complex organic molecules, and energy sources to sustain metabolism.""In determining the habitability potential of a body, studies focus on its bulk composition, orbital properties, atmosphere, and potential chemical interactions. Stellar characteristics of importance include mass and luminosity, stable variability, and high metallicity. Rocky, terrestrial-type planets and moons with the potential for Earth-like chemistry are a primary focus of astrobiological research, although more speculative habitability theories occasionally examine alternative biochemistries and other types of astronomical bodies.The idea that planets beyond Earth might host life is an ancient one, though historically it was framed by philosophy as much as physical science. The late 20th century saw two breakthroughs in the field. The observation and robotic spacecraft exploration of other planets and moons within the Solar System has provided critical information on defining habitability criteria and allowed for substantial geophysical comparisons between the Earth and other bodies. The discovery of extrasolar planets, beginning in the early 1990s and accelerating thereafter, has provided further information for the study of possible extraterrestrial life. These findings confirm that the Sun is not unique among stars in hosting planets and expands the habitability research horizon beyond the Solar System.The chemistry of life may have begun shortly after the Big Bang, 13.8 billion years ago, during a habitable epoch when the Universe was only 10–17 million years old. According to the panspermia hypothesis, microscopic life—distributed by meteoroids, asteroids and other small Solar System bodies—may exist throughout the universe. Nonetheless, Earth is the only place in the universe known to harbor life. Estimates of habitable zones around other stars, along with the discovery of hundreds of extrasolar planets and new insights into the extreme habitats here on Earth, suggest that there may be many more habitable places in the universe than considered possible until very recently. On 4 November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs within the Milky Way. 11 billion of these estimated planets may be orbiting Sun-like stars. The nearest such planet may be 12 light-years away, according to the scientists.