ILO`s and lecture objectives-HMIM 224(2013
... Recognize the main metabolic pathways occurring in RBCs with reference to their relations to functions of RBCs. Identify some of the main & common diseases of RBCs as implication of defects of RBCs metabolism. Understand the relation of characteristic features of structure of membrane of ...
... Recognize the main metabolic pathways occurring in RBCs with reference to their relations to functions of RBCs. Identify some of the main & common diseases of RBCs as implication of defects of RBCs metabolism. Understand the relation of characteristic features of structure of membrane of ...
PE 307 lecture notes - Western Washington University
... proteins produced by cells infected by viruses, will reduce the chance of other cells getting infected (a mechanism not well understood yet) 5) INFLAMMATION & PHAGOCYTOSIS A tissue response to pathogenic injury (or mechanical) that prevents the spread of the infectious agents, then removes the forei ...
... proteins produced by cells infected by viruses, will reduce the chance of other cells getting infected (a mechanism not well understood yet) 5) INFLAMMATION & PHAGOCYTOSIS A tissue response to pathogenic injury (or mechanical) that prevents the spread of the infectious agents, then removes the forei ...
xia immune activation 1
... vicious feedback cycle of chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction that is critical for atherosclerotic progression. It is well established that abnormal metabolic conditions, such as dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, cause various cellular stress responses that induce tissue inflammation and im ...
... vicious feedback cycle of chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction that is critical for atherosclerotic progression. It is well established that abnormal metabolic conditions, such as dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, cause various cellular stress responses that induce tissue inflammation and im ...
New insights into the link between cardiovascular disease and
... CVD as a risk factor for depression. The third model proposes a common underlying pathway related to the effects of chronic stress on the body in manifesting as depression or cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: If the proposed model holds true, it may be possible that an intervention initiated befo ...
... CVD as a risk factor for depression. The third model proposes a common underlying pathway related to the effects of chronic stress on the body in manifesting as depression or cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: If the proposed model holds true, it may be possible that an intervention initiated befo ...
Lymphatic System
... inflammationinflammatory response occurs in many parts of the body • Has symptoms like local inflammation but also has 3 other symptoms: • Red blood cells release substances that fight the infection • Fever • In extreme cases, shock or death ...
... inflammationinflammatory response occurs in many parts of the body • Has symptoms like local inflammation but also has 3 other symptoms: • Red blood cells release substances that fight the infection • Fever • In extreme cases, shock or death ...
Key Words: Heavy exercise, Red blood cells, Immune function
... function of red blood cells. Different research results may be obtained due to different research subjects, detect methods, exercise styles, exercise duration and intensities. However, most scientists consider that low or moderate exercise training can improve the immunity of the body, whereas, prol ...
... function of red blood cells. Different research results may be obtained due to different research subjects, detect methods, exercise styles, exercise duration and intensities. However, most scientists consider that low or moderate exercise training can improve the immunity of the body, whereas, prol ...
Blood groups and disease
... cardiovascular disease, they appear to do so for different reasons. Some of the causes of heart disease in one blood type may be obvious, such as the link with blood type A and cholesterol. Others, such as the effects of type A behavior, high triglyceride and insulin resistance in blood types O and ...
... cardiovascular disease, they appear to do so for different reasons. Some of the causes of heart disease in one blood type may be obvious, such as the link with blood type A and cholesterol. Others, such as the effects of type A behavior, high triglyceride and insulin resistance in blood types O and ...
lower cholesterol without drugs
... has been clearly correlated with hypertension, diabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, low HDL, high LDL, high triglycerides, obesity, high insulin, high blood glucose, arterial plaque (clogged arteries), arterial stiffness, and coronary heart disease in general. At the Spokane Heart Insti ...
... has been clearly correlated with hypertension, diabetes, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, low HDL, high LDL, high triglycerides, obesity, high insulin, high blood glucose, arterial plaque (clogged arteries), arterial stiffness, and coronary heart disease in general. At the Spokane Heart Insti ...
Postpartum Hemorrhage
... • the blood passing from the genital tract is not clotting • shock: reduction of effective circulation inadequate perfusion of all tissues oxygen depletion depression of functions ...
... • the blood passing from the genital tract is not clotting • shock: reduction of effective circulation inadequate perfusion of all tissues oxygen depletion depression of functions ...
Erythrocytes
... There are two types of lymphocytes: T cells and B cells T cells function in the immune response, especially against cancer and viral-infected cells B cells give rise to plasma cells, which produce antibodies Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... There are two types of lymphocytes: T cells and B cells T cells function in the immune response, especially against cancer and viral-infected cells B cells give rise to plasma cells, which produce antibodies Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Nitric oxide and reproduction
... Since NO is an important regulator of the vascular remodelling process, it may be speculated that NO is also an important mediator of vascular changes and tissue remodelling during the ovulatory and luteinization process. Moreover, NO may be involved in an autocrine/paracrine regulation of the devel ...
... Since NO is an important regulator of the vascular remodelling process, it may be speculated that NO is also an important mediator of vascular changes and tissue remodelling during the ovulatory and luteinization process. Moreover, NO may be involved in an autocrine/paracrine regulation of the devel ...
Lymphatic System - Dr. Salah A. Martin
... Activated T lymphocytes, called Effector T Cells, eliminate antigens either by attacking them directly or indirectly through the release of Lymphokines. Lymphokines are a class of chemical agents that will elicit a number of responses throughout the immune system. The effecter T cells that produce l ...
... Activated T lymphocytes, called Effector T Cells, eliminate antigens either by attacking them directly or indirectly through the release of Lymphokines. Lymphokines are a class of chemical agents that will elicit a number of responses throughout the immune system. The effecter T cells that produce l ...
Chapter 4 - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... Protect and insulate internal organs Compartmentalize and transport Energy reserves and immune responses ...
... Protect and insulate internal organs Compartmentalize and transport Energy reserves and immune responses ...
Renal revision quiz - Ipswich-Year2-Med-PBL-Gp-2
... Enlarged, cystic kidneys at birth Corticomedullary cysts, shrunken kidneys Large multicystic kidneys, liver cysts, berry aneurysms Cystic degeneration in ESKD Single/multiple cysts in normal-sized kidneys Corticomedullary cysts, shrunken kidneys ...
... Enlarged, cystic kidneys at birth Corticomedullary cysts, shrunken kidneys Large multicystic kidneys, liver cysts, berry aneurysms Cystic degeneration in ESKD Single/multiple cysts in normal-sized kidneys Corticomedullary cysts, shrunken kidneys ...
Local and systemic autonomic nervous effects on cell migration to
... japplphysiol.00411.2002.—This work is based on the hypothesis that sympathetic nerves regulate the uptake of circulating cells by the spleen by affecting splenic blood flow and that the quantity of cells sequestered depends on whether changes in noradrenergic transmission occur at local or systemic ...
... japplphysiol.00411.2002.—This work is based on the hypothesis that sympathetic nerves regulate the uptake of circulating cells by the spleen by affecting splenic blood flow and that the quantity of cells sequestered depends on whether changes in noradrenergic transmission occur at local or systemic ...
Local and systemic autonomic nervous effects
... japplphysiol.00411.2002.—This work is based on the hypothesis that sympathetic nerves regulate the uptake of circulating cells by the spleen by affecting splenic blood flow and that the quantity of cells sequestered depends on whether changes in noradrenergic transmission occur at local or systemic ...
... japplphysiol.00411.2002.—This work is based on the hypothesis that sympathetic nerves regulate the uptake of circulating cells by the spleen by affecting splenic blood flow and that the quantity of cells sequestered depends on whether changes in noradrenergic transmission occur at local or systemic ...
The Lymphatic System
... = self transfusion (can squirt 200 ml into blood in <1minute) also, helps stabilize blood volume by transferring excess plasma from blood to lymphatic system 3. Thymus is single unpaired organ in mediastinum and neck region plays vital role in initial set up of body’s immune system source of lymph ...
... = self transfusion (can squirt 200 ml into blood in <1minute) also, helps stabilize blood volume by transferring excess plasma from blood to lymphatic system 3. Thymus is single unpaired organ in mediastinum and neck region plays vital role in initial set up of body’s immune system source of lymph ...
ningxia red nutritional facts, more than just an anti
... by weight. It has more fiber than oat bran and double the fiber of buckwheat. High intake of fiber is directly correlated with lower risk of cancer, better control of blood sugar levels, lower risk of heart disease, lowered blood pressure and improved cardiovascular health Beyond Vitamins, Minerals ...
... by weight. It has more fiber than oat bran and double the fiber of buckwheat. High intake of fiber is directly correlated with lower risk of cancer, better control of blood sugar levels, lower risk of heart disease, lowered blood pressure and improved cardiovascular health Beyond Vitamins, Minerals ...
Non-immune Hemolysis_ Diagnostic Considerations
... is frequent in affected subjects. Hb level, most often normal at birth decreases sharply during the first month of life and may lead to transfusion. Variable clinical severity is observed, sometimes into the same family. About 20% of cases present as a compensated hemolysis; in these cases, the Hb le ...
... is frequent in affected subjects. Hb level, most often normal at birth decreases sharply during the first month of life and may lead to transfusion. Variable clinical severity is observed, sometimes into the same family. About 20% of cases present as a compensated hemolysis; in these cases, the Hb le ...
Tetanus Toxoid Pulsed Monocyte Vaccination For Augmentation Of
... single-factor approaches for the augmentation of arteriogenesis have generated mixed results (reviewed in1,19), which has thus led to the investigation of cell-based therapies. Autologous bone marrow-derived stem and progenitor cells have been identified as potential cells for transplantation, but on ...
... single-factor approaches for the augmentation of arteriogenesis have generated mixed results (reviewed in1,19), which has thus led to the investigation of cell-based therapies. Autologous bone marrow-derived stem and progenitor cells have been identified as potential cells for transplantation, but on ...
Blood Transfusion Reactions
... transfused without events but 5minutes into her 2nd unit, She complains of new flank pain and fever. On exam she appears very anxious, diaphoretic and in acute distress, she is febrile to 38.8C with Bp 100/60mmHg, HR 101 bpm, ...
... transfused without events but 5minutes into her 2nd unit, She complains of new flank pain and fever. On exam she appears very anxious, diaphoretic and in acute distress, she is febrile to 38.8C with Bp 100/60mmHg, HR 101 bpm, ...
Chapter 1 General introduction and outine of the thesis
... and successive repair of the defect are mandatory. This is achieved through wound healing, where the defect is not resolved by regeneration, but rather by deposition of fibrotic tissue, resulting in scar formation9. Fibrosis occurs in many other tissues of the human body besides skin, such as lung a ...
... and successive repair of the defect are mandatory. This is achieved through wound healing, where the defect is not resolved by regeneration, but rather by deposition of fibrotic tissue, resulting in scar formation9. Fibrosis occurs in many other tissues of the human body besides skin, such as lung a ...
Vasculitis: Attack of the Leukocytes
... Another way that infection can cause vasculitis is by inducing immune complexes that contain antigens from the bacteria or virus, and antibodies directed against those antigens. A good example of this is the vasculitis that results from hepatitis B or C infections in the liver. In some people infect ...
... Another way that infection can cause vasculitis is by inducing immune complexes that contain antigens from the bacteria or virus, and antibodies directed against those antigens. A good example of this is the vasculitis that results from hepatitis B or C infections in the liver. In some people infect ...
Neutropenia and myeloma
... When neutrophils decrease to less than 1 x 109/L patients become ‘immunocompromised’. This means their immune system is impaired and unable to fight infection as normal. Immunocompromised patients are at risk of serious infections which can be fatal. What causes neutropenia in myeloma? Blood cells ar ...
... When neutrophils decrease to less than 1 x 109/L patients become ‘immunocompromised’. This means their immune system is impaired and unable to fight infection as normal. Immunocompromised patients are at risk of serious infections which can be fatal. What causes neutropenia in myeloma? Blood cells ar ...
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis (also known as arteriosclerotic vascular disease or ASVD) is a specific form of arteriosclerosis in which an artery wall thickens as a result of invasion and accumulation of white blood cells (WBCs) (foam cell) and proliferation of intimal smooth muscle cell creating a fibrofatty plaque.The accumulation of the WBCs is termed ""fatty streaks"" early on because of the appearance being similar to that of marbled steak. These accumulations contain both living, active WBCs (producing inflammation) and remnants of dead cells, including cholesterol and triglycerides. The remnants eventually include calcium and other crystallized materials within the outermost and oldest plaque. The ""fatty streaks"" reduce the elasticity of the artery walls. However, they do not affect blood flow for decades because the artery muscular wall enlarges at the locations of plaque. The wall stiffening may eventually increase pulse pressure; widened pulse pressure is one possible result of advanced disease within the major arteries.Atherosclerosis is therefore a syndrome affecting arterial blood vessels due to a chronic inflammatory response of WBCs in the walls of arteries. This is promoted by low-density lipoproteins (LDL, plasma proteins that carry cholesterol and triglycerides) without adequate removal of fats and cholesterol from the macrophages by functional high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It is commonly referred to as a ""hardening"" or furring of the arteries. It is caused by the formation of multiple atheromatous plaques within the arteries.The plaque is divided into three distinct components: The atheroma (""lump of gruel"", from Greek ἀθήρα (athera), meaning ""gruel""), which is the nodular accumulation of a soft, flaky, yellowish material at the center of large plaques, composed of macrophages nearest the lumen of the artery Underlying areas of cholesterol crystals Calcification at the outer base of older or more advanced lesions.Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease that remains asymptomatic for decades. Atherosclerotic lesions, or atherosclerotic plaques, are separated into two broad categories: Stable and unstable (also called vulnerable). The pathobiology of atherosclerotic lesions is very complicated, but generally, stable atherosclerotic plaques, which tend to be asymptomatic, are rich in extracellular matrix and smooth muscle cells. On the other hand, unstable plaques are rich in macrophages and foam cells, and the extracellular matrix separating the lesion from the arterial lumen (also known as the fibrous cap) is usually weak and prone to rupture. Ruptures of the fibrous cap expose thrombogenic material, such as collagen, to the circulation and eventually induce thrombus formation in the lumen. Upon formation, intraluminal thrombi can occlude arteries outright (e.g., coronary occlusion), but more often they detach, move into the circulation, and eventually occlude smaller downstream branches causing thromboembolism. Apart from thromboembolism, chronically expanding atherosclerotic lesions can cause complete closure of the lumen. Chronically expanding lesions are often asymptomatic until lumen stenosis is so severe (usually over 80%) that blood supply to downstream tissue(s) is insufficient, resulting in ischemia.These complications of advanced atherosclerosis are chronic, slowly progressive and cumulative. Most commonly, soft plaque suddenly ruptures (see vulnerable plaque), causing the formation of a thrombus that will rapidly slow or stop blood flow, leading to death of the tissues fed by the artery in approximately five minutes. This catastrophic event is called an infarction. One of the most common recognized scenarios is called coronary thrombosis of a coronary artery, causing myocardial infarction (a heart attack). The same process in an artery to the brain is commonly called stroke. Another common scenario in very advanced disease is claudication from insufficient blood supply to the legs. Atherosclerosis affects the entire artery tree, but mostly larger, high-pressure vessels such as the coronary, renal, femoral, cerebral, and carotid arteries. These are termed ""clinically silent"" because the person having the infarction does not notice the problem and does not seek medical help, or when they do, physicians do not recognize what has happened.