Facilitated transport of small molecules and ions for energy
... membrane via conformational variation. The specificity of facilitated diffusion arises from the ingenious integration of multiple types of interactions between carrier protein and the target permeant, e.g. electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bond interactions, hydrophobic interactions, cation–p inte ...
... membrane via conformational variation. The specificity of facilitated diffusion arises from the ingenious integration of multiple types of interactions between carrier protein and the target permeant, e.g. electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bond interactions, hydrophobic interactions, cation–p inte ...
Detailed guidance on the electronic submission of information
... Substance refers to any matter of defined composition that has discrete existence, whose origin may be biological, mineral or chemical. NOTE 1: Substances can be single substances, mixture substances or one of a group of specified substances. Single substances should be defined using a minimally suf ...
... Substance refers to any matter of defined composition that has discrete existence, whose origin may be biological, mineral or chemical. NOTE 1: Substances can be single substances, mixture substances or one of a group of specified substances. Single substances should be defined using a minimally suf ...
nmr.evilia.190303
... The general formula for splitting is: # of lines in the multiplet (N)= 2nI + 1, where I is the spin of the neighboring nuclei and n is the number of identical nuclei. When I=1/2, this simplies to N=n+1. In structure work, J coupling is critical to measuring the bond angles and dihedral angles betwee ...
... The general formula for splitting is: # of lines in the multiplet (N)= 2nI + 1, where I is the spin of the neighboring nuclei and n is the number of identical nuclei. When I=1/2, this simplies to N=n+1. In structure work, J coupling is critical to measuring the bond angles and dihedral angles betwee ...
delivery of proteins using biodegradable polymers
... products having biological sources, usually involving live organisms or their active components • Biopharmaceuticals are protein or nucleic acid based pharmaceuticals (substance used for therapeutic or in vivo diagnostic purpose), which are produced by mean other than direct extraction from a native ...
... products having biological sources, usually involving live organisms or their active components • Biopharmaceuticals are protein or nucleic acid based pharmaceuticals (substance used for therapeutic or in vivo diagnostic purpose), which are produced by mean other than direct extraction from a native ...
The nonenzymatic subunit of pseutarin C, a
... complex” with the nonenzymatic cofactor factor Va (FVa), calcium ions, and phospholipid membranes.1 Phospholipids stimulate prothrombin activation by lowering the Km for prothrombin2-4 and provide a surface on which FXa, FVa, and prothrombin bind in the presence of Ca2⫹, leading to a productive enzy ...
... complex” with the nonenzymatic cofactor factor Va (FVa), calcium ions, and phospholipid membranes.1 Phospholipids stimulate prothrombin activation by lowering the Km for prothrombin2-4 and provide a surface on which FXa, FVa, and prothrombin bind in the presence of Ca2⫹, leading to a productive enzy ...
Role of B vitamins in biological methylation – hdri
... methylation can also modify the core histones and form “histone codes” together with lysine methylation, the substrates of PRMTFs are much more diverse than HKMTs. Thus, protein arginine methylation may be involved in more functional processes, such as RNA processing, transcriptional regulation, sig ...
... methylation can also modify the core histones and form “histone codes” together with lysine methylation, the substrates of PRMTFs are much more diverse than HKMTs. Thus, protein arginine methylation may be involved in more functional processes, such as RNA processing, transcriptional regulation, sig ...
Lecture Notes for Methods in Cell Biology
... This course provides students with a broad overview to the basic biochemical, molecular and immunological techniques that are commonly used in modern biomedical research. Lectures will describe the theories and principals behind each of the methods in addition to discussing the practical aspects and ...
... This course provides students with a broad overview to the basic biochemical, molecular and immunological techniques that are commonly used in modern biomedical research. Lectures will describe the theories and principals behind each of the methods in addition to discussing the practical aspects and ...
chromatography
... unknown amino acids is seen to contain four different amino acids Of these four amino acids, two can be positively identified The mixture contains four amino acids; two unknown together with arginine & leucine ...
... unknown amino acids is seen to contain four different amino acids Of these four amino acids, two can be positively identified The mixture contains four amino acids; two unknown together with arginine & leucine ...
2014 Conference Workshop Report
... Therefore, the stability evaluation could be challenging due to impurities present in the reference material or a slight unconjugation process occurring during the sample preparation which could lead to stability failure. Some pharma such as BMS and Seattle Genetics which are assaying ADC are curren ...
... Therefore, the stability evaluation could be challenging due to impurities present in the reference material or a slight unconjugation process occurring during the sample preparation which could lead to stability failure. Some pharma such as BMS and Seattle Genetics which are assaying ADC are curren ...
AP BIOLOGY Curriculum Framework
... Evolution is a change in the genetic makeup of a population over time, with natural selection its major driving mechanism. Darwin’s theory, which is supported by evidence from many scientific disciplines, states that inheritable variations occur in individuals in a population. Due to competition for ...
... Evolution is a change in the genetic makeup of a population over time, with natural selection its major driving mechanism. Darwin’s theory, which is supported by evidence from many scientific disciplines, states that inheritable variations occur in individuals in a population. Due to competition for ...
Coarse-Grained Modeling of ProteinDynamics
... One of the functional features of proteins is response to a wide range of applied forces. Being subjected to an applied load, proteins play key roles in cytoskeletal organization (Fletcher and Mullins 2010), mechanics (Granzier and Labeit 2004), cellular transport (Serohijos et al. 2006), signaling ...
... One of the functional features of proteins is response to a wide range of applied forces. Being subjected to an applied load, proteins play key roles in cytoskeletal organization (Fletcher and Mullins 2010), mechanics (Granzier and Labeit 2004), cellular transport (Serohijos et al. 2006), signaling ...
SPA Enzyme Assay Design
... The source of enzyme for activity measurements in SPA assays can be obtained from either cell lysates (crude protein) or from purified preparations (e.g., recombinant protein). In the case of crude enzyme, competing activities may also be present in the cell lysate that could affect the assay perfor ...
... The source of enzyme for activity measurements in SPA assays can be obtained from either cell lysates (crude protein) or from purified preparations (e.g., recombinant protein). In the case of crude enzyme, competing activities may also be present in the cell lysate that could affect the assay perfor ...
fatty acids: straight-chain saturated
... which can be of three types. In the Type I enzyme (FAS I) found in animals, the various sub-units carrying out each step of the reaction are discrete domains of a single protein that is the product of one gene. In yeast and fungi, there are two genes that produce polypeptide products, which then coa ...
... which can be of three types. In the Type I enzyme (FAS I) found in animals, the various sub-units carrying out each step of the reaction are discrete domains of a single protein that is the product of one gene. In yeast and fungi, there are two genes that produce polypeptide products, which then coa ...
Repeat proteins challenge the concept of structural domains
... It was early on noted that many natural proteins typically collapse stretches of amino acid chains into compact units, defining structural domains [1]. These domains typically correlate with biological activities and many modern proteins can be described as composed by novel ‘domain arrangements’ [2 ...
... It was early on noted that many natural proteins typically collapse stretches of amino acid chains into compact units, defining structural domains [1]. These domains typically correlate with biological activities and many modern proteins can be described as composed by novel ‘domain arrangements’ [2 ...
Eds., M. Kawaguchi, K. Misaki, H. Sato, T. Yokokawa, T.... and S. Tanabe, pp. 35–40.
... damage by multiple enzymatic mechanisms and by antioxidant molecules. The SODs are the first and most important line of antioxidant enzyme defense against oxidative stress, such as that caused by superoxide anion radicals. We examined the in vitro effects of taurine on the SOD activity levels in the ...
... damage by multiple enzymatic mechanisms and by antioxidant molecules. The SODs are the first and most important line of antioxidant enzyme defense against oxidative stress, such as that caused by superoxide anion radicals. We examined the in vitro effects of taurine on the SOD activity levels in the ...
Small AnDsense RNAs and RNA Interference
... In an organism like C. elegans, dsRNA (with a sequence which is complementary to a target mRNA of interest) can be used to downregulate that mRNA experimentally. ...
... In an organism like C. elegans, dsRNA (with a sequence which is complementary to a target mRNA of interest) can be used to downregulate that mRNA experimentally. ...
“The function and synthesis of ribosomes.” Nature Reviews Mol Cell
... aminoacyl-tRNA, promoting its attack on the peptidyltRNA, and then donating the proton back to stabilize the leaving group after peptidyl transfer. This is ACID–BASE CATALYSIS, and the principles involved are well known from protein enzymes. For this trick to work at physiological pH, A2451 requires ...
... aminoacyl-tRNA, promoting its attack on the peptidyltRNA, and then donating the proton back to stabilize the leaving group after peptidyl transfer. This is ACID–BASE CATALYSIS, and the principles involved are well known from protein enzymes. For this trick to work at physiological pH, A2451 requires ...
Detailed guidance on the electronic submission - EMA
... Substance refers to any matter of defined composition that has discrete existence, whose origin may be biological, mineral or chemical. NOTE 1: Substances can be single substances, mixture substances or one of a group of specified substances. Single substances should be defined using a minimally suf ...
... Substance refers to any matter of defined composition that has discrete existence, whose origin may be biological, mineral or chemical. NOTE 1: Substances can be single substances, mixture substances or one of a group of specified substances. Single substances should be defined using a minimally suf ...
interaction analysis of aspirin with selective amino acids
... rate the possible interaction between AA and aspirin. It is evident from results that the absorbance of aspirin increased with the addition of amino acids and this increase was significant (p < 0.05). This increase in absorbance represents the increase in the ionization and thus enhanced solubility ...
... rate the possible interaction between AA and aspirin. It is evident from results that the absorbance of aspirin increased with the addition of amino acids and this increase was significant (p < 0.05). This increase in absorbance represents the increase in the ionization and thus enhanced solubility ...
What the Nucellus Can Tell Us
... develops from the simultaneous fertilization of its central cell, and the surrounding maternal tissue, including the nucellus, that encloses the developing embryo. Although this maternal tissue is not directly involved in the fertilization process, its development and composition are distinctly alte ...
... develops from the simultaneous fertilization of its central cell, and the surrounding maternal tissue, including the nucellus, that encloses the developing embryo. Although this maternal tissue is not directly involved in the fertilization process, its development and composition are distinctly alte ...
Could membrane lipids influence the receptor tyrosine kinase
... Could membrane lipids influence the receptor tyrosine kinase activity? This statement poses the question about each step of EGFR activation and the regulation by GM3. Zhou and co-workers (26) proved that GM3 could interact equally well with both EGFR monomers and EGFR dimers. The next question conc ...
... Could membrane lipids influence the receptor tyrosine kinase activity? This statement poses the question about each step of EGFR activation and the regulation by GM3. Zhou and co-workers (26) proved that GM3 could interact equally well with both EGFR monomers and EGFR dimers. The next question conc ...
Degradation of Organelles or Specific Organelle Components via
... the autophagy adaptor protein(s) driving this process in plants have not yet been reported. A new ER-to-vacuole transport route, defined by two closely related Arabidopsis ATG8-binding proteins termed ATI1 and ATI2, was recently identified in Arabidopsis plants [46]. These proteins are specific to p ...
... the autophagy adaptor protein(s) driving this process in plants have not yet been reported. A new ER-to-vacuole transport route, defined by two closely related Arabidopsis ATG8-binding proteins termed ATI1 and ATI2, was recently identified in Arabidopsis plants [46]. These proteins are specific to p ...
Assigned Reading
... molecules based on knowledge of another, and the patterns of sequence homology and relatedness that predict function and reveal evolutionary relationships. A variety of additional roles for RNA have also recently emerged. With the sequencing of human genomes and many other commonly studied organisms ...
... molecules based on knowledge of another, and the patterns of sequence homology and relatedness that predict function and reveal evolutionary relationships. A variety of additional roles for RNA have also recently emerged. With the sequencing of human genomes and many other commonly studied organisms ...
Cell-penetrating peptide
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short peptides that facilitate cellular uptake of various molecular cargo (from nanosize particles to small chemical molecules and large fragments of DNA). The ""cargo"" is associated with the peptides either through chemical linkage via covalent bonds or through non-covalent interactions. The function of the CPPs are to deliver the cargo into cells, a process that commonly occurs through endocytosis with the cargo delivered to the endosomes of living mammalian cells.CPPs hold great potential as in vitro and in vivo delivery vectors for use in research and medicine. Current use is limited by a lack of cell specificity in CPP-mediated cargo delivery and insufficient understanding of the modes of their uptake.CPPs typically have an amino acid composition that either contains a high relative abundance of positively charged amino acids such as lysine or arginine or has sequences that contain an alternating pattern of polar/charged amino acids and non-polar, hydrophobic amino acids. These two types of structures are referred to as polycationic or amphipathic, respectively. A third class of CPPs are the hydrophobic peptides, containing only apolar residues, with low net chargeor have hydrophobic amino acid groups that are crucial for cellular uptake.The first CPP was discovered independently by two laboratories in 1988, when it was found that the trans-activating transcriptional activator (TAT) from human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) could be efficiently taken up from the surrounding media by numerous cell types in culture. Since then, the number of known CPPs has expanded considerably and small molecule synthetic analogues with more effective protein transduction properties have been generated.